This plenary talk presents an overview of recent ATLAS measurements related to heavy flavor quark production, modification, and collective motion in small and large collision systems, detailed studies of the collective behavior of bulk particles in large collision systems, and recent measurements in proton-lead, photon-nucleus, and proton-proton collisions aimed at addressing open questions...
Understanding light (anti-)nuclei production mechanism is a long-standing challenge in heavy-ion physics. Besides its own importance, it can benefit the search of QCD critical point as well as the detection of dark matter in space. In this presentation, we present a unified description of the microscopic dynamics of light (anti-)nuclei production in high-energy nuclear collisions by solving...
The second-order Fourier coefficients (
Quarkonia are excellent probes of deconfinement in heavy-ion collisions. For
Hydrodynamic expansion and jet quenching are responsible for the production of low and high transverse-momentum (𝑝𝑇) particle in heavy-ion collisions, respectively. However, it is still a challenge to simultaneously describe hadron nuclear modification factor
Because of the different binding energies, bottomonium mesons are particularly useful probes to understand the thermal properties of quark-gluon plasma. Previously, CMS observed the sequential suppression of
By using gravity/gauge correspondence, we employ an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton model to compute the equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium properties of a hot and baryon rich strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma. The family of 5-dimensional holographic black holes, which are constrained to mimic the lattice QCD equation of state at zero density, is used to investigate the temperature and baryon...
In recent years, ALICE has extensively studied the production of light (anti)(hyper)nuclei in different collision systems and center-of-mass energies. The production mechanism of light (hyper)nuclei is still under debate in the scientific community. Two classes of models are used to describe nuclear production: the statistical hadronisation model (SHM) and the coalescence model. In heavy-ion...
Femtoscopic correlations of identified and unidentified hadrons are measured with data recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC over a broad multiplicity range and pair transverse momentum. The first femtoscopy measurements carried in CMS for all pair combinations of
To study the bulk properties of the quark-gluon-plasma (QGP) produced at the beam energy scan (BES) energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), we extend the (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamics CLVisc [1,2,3] to include net baryon number conservation and Israel-Stewart-like equation for baryon diffusion with the NEOS-BQS equation of state, fluctuating initial conditions from...
Hadronic resonances having short lifetimes are very useful to study the hadron-gas phase that characterizes the late-stage evolution of high energy nuclear collisions. Indeed, regeneration and rescattering processes occurring in the hadron gas modify the measured yields of hadronic resonances and can be studied by measuring resonance yields as a function of system size and by comparing to...
To understand the in-medium effects of quarkonia in heavy ion collisions, it is necessary to perform differential studies of various observables to have a global picture of the quarkonium dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Recent results in proton-proton collisions have suggested that J/
Charmonium production is a probe sensitive to deconfinement in nucleus-nucleus collisions. The production of J/
High-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at LHC show the onset of phenomena typical of heavy-ion collisions, such as collective effects, suppression of short-lived resonances, and strangeness enhancement. These effects, whose origin is still under debate, suggest a complex particle production mechanism whose relative contributions evolve smoothly going from low to high multiplicity...
The production of quarkonia in hadronic collisions provides a unique testing ground for understanding quantum chromodynamics (QCD) since it involves both the perturbative and non-perturbative regimes of this theory. As the quarkonia formation is not yet fully understood, a variety of new experimental data serve as new insights and help to constrain the models. Additionally to the inclusive...
The production mechanism of light (anti)nuclei in heavy-ion collisions has been extensively studied experimentally and theoretically for many decades. Two competing (anti)nucleosynthesis models are typically used to describe light (anti)nuclei yields and their ratios to other hadrons in heavy-ion collisions: the statistical hadronization model (SHM) and the nucleon coalescence model. The...
Intriguing experimental results on two-particle azimuthal correlations in ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions (UPCs) have been measured at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1]. In this talk, I will present the first full (3+1)D dynamical simulations to study collective behavior in UPC events at RHIC and the LHC with the 3DGlauber+MUSIC+UrQMD framework [2, 3]. First, extrapolating from asymmetric...
Heavy quarks are primarily produced via initial hard scatterings, and thus carry information about the early stages of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy of the final-state heavy flavor hadrons provide information about the initial collision geometry, its fluctuation, and more importantly, the mass dependence of energy loss in QGP. Due to the larger bottom...
The f
The ratio of strange to non-strange hadron yields increases from low-multiplicity to high-multiplicity hadronic interactions, reaching values observed in heavy-ion collisions. The ALICE experiment investigates the microscopic origin of this striking phenomenon by performing dedicated multi-differential analyses in pp collisions at
To separate strange hadrons produced in...
The observation of collectivity signals in small hadronic collisions raises the question of whether the tiny droplet of quark-gluon plasma can form in small systems. Dynamics and hadronization of heavy flavor quarks in small-system collisions provide a powerful tool to address the origin of observed collective phenomena because of their early production time and sensitivity to the finite...
Angular correlations present in dijet photoproduction are studied, for the first time, using ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The second moment of the angular distribution,
Recent multiplicity-dependent studies of particle production in pp and p-Pb collisions have shown similar features as in heavy-ion collisions. Measurements using resonances could help to understand the possible onset of collective-like phenomena and a non-zero lifetime of the hadronic phase in a small collision system. Measurements of the differential yields of resonances with different...
We will present model studies of dynamics of baryon number transport, strangeness conservation and their manifestation in
Hypernuclei are bound states of nucleons and hyperons. The hyperon-nucleon (
In this contribution, the similarity between small and large collision systems will be explored using the underlying event (UE) charged particle density,
Heavy quarks are one of the most important probes to study the properties of quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Hadronization of beauty quarks is not as well understood as in the charm sector. Illuminating the hadronization mechanism is crucial for extracting the transport properties of the QGP. We present new results on nuclear modification factors of
In this contribution the nuclear modification factor (
We introduce a novel freeze-out procedure connecting the hydrodynamic evolution of a droplet of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) that has, as it expanded and cooled, passed close to a critical point on the QCD phase diagram with the subsequent kinetic description in terms of observable hadrons. The procedure converts out of equilibrium critical fluctuations described by extended hydrodynamics, known...
The production of short lived resonances like
The production and interaction of light nuclei and hyper-nuclei in high-energy heavy-ion collisions have been a focus of theoretical and experimental interests for a long time. The production of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions can be explained by the coalescence of produced or transported nucleons. Due to the low binding energies of light nuclei and hyper-nuclei, it is more likely that...
In this contribution, we present the latest measurements of
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions can study properties of nuclear matter in high-energy experiments like the STAR experiment. One of the methods to learn about bulk matter is the femtoscopy technique, which relies on information carried by the particles produced during the collisions. The emission source parameters, like space-time characteristics, are provided using femtoscopic quantities....
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) predicts the existence of a deconfined state of matter called Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) at sufficiently high-temperature and/or high-energy density. In order to investigate the phase diagram of QCD matter, the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES-I) program started at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in the year 2010. In continuation of BES-I, a high...
In this contribution, the final measurements of the centrality dependence of
Higher-order cumulants of net-proton distributions are sensitive to the details of the phase structure of the QCD phase diagram. Lattice QCD and QCD-based model calculations indicate that the signs of sixth and eighth order cumulants have different combinations in the hadronic phase, partonic phase, and near the transition temperature.
We report the first measurements of seventh and eighth...
Strangeness production has been suggested as a sensitive probe to the early-time dynamics of the nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. Transverse momentum distributions and yields of strange hadrons provide important information about the particle production mechanisms and help us to understand the properties of the created medium and its evolution in these collisions.
Thanks...
Recently, STAR reported the isobar (
The early production of heavy-flavour partons makes them an excellent probe of the dynamical evolution of QCD systems. Jets tagged by the presence of a heavy-flavour hadron give access to the kinematics of the heavy partons, and along with correlation measurements involving heavy-flavour hadrons allow for comparisons of their production, propagation and fragmentation across different systems....
In heavy-ion collisions, the observation of the global and local polarization of hyperons has revealed the existence of large vorticities perpendicular to reaction plane due to systems’s orbital angular momentum and along beam direction due to collective velocity field, respectively. With the high-statistics data from isobar collisions of Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr at
Photon-photon and photonuclear reactions are induced by the strong electromagnetic field generated by ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These processes have been extensively studied in ultra-peripheral collisions with impact parameters larger than twice the nuclear radius. Since a few years, both the photoproduction of the J/ψ vector meson and the production of dileptons via...
Hadronization models are successfully describing the particle yields, particularly in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions [1]. They are also used to describe elementary processes, like pp interactions. Extensive measurements at
Reasonable description of all...
Quankonia are an important probe to study the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions. In particular, the
Particle flow measurements, which provide evidence of the QGP medium, are a powerful tool to study the QGP evolution in heavy-ion collisions. Using the two-particle correlation technique, LHCb has observed the ridge structure due to particle flow, in the forward pseudorapidity range
The
Elliptic flow coefficient,
Triangular flow
The hadronic interaction cross sections of multi-strange hadrons and
We investigate the in-medium kinetics of the X(3872) and
Electromagnetic probes such as photons and dielectrons are a unique tool to study the space-time evolution of the hot and dense matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. They are produced by a variety of processes during all stages of the collision with negligible final-state interactions. At low dielectron invariant mass (
The strong interaction among D mesons and light-flavor hadrons was completely out of experimental reach until recently. The scattering parameters governing elastic and inelastic D-pion/kaon/proton collisions are completely unknown. This poses strong limitations not only to the search of molecular states composed of charm and non-charm hadrons, but also to the study of the rescattering of charm...
Global spin alignment is a preferential alignment of a particle’s spin along the orbital an6 gular momentum produced in heavy-ion collisions. The global spin alignment of vector mesons (
NA61/SHINE is a multipurpose fixed-target facility at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. The main goals of the NA61/SHINE strong interactions program are to discover the critical point of strongly interacting matter and study properties of the onset of deconfinement. To reach these goals, hadron production measurements are performed in the form of a two-dimensional scan by varying collision...
Drell-Yan process is considered as one of the essential probes to understand the initial state of the nucleons presented as the parton distribution function (PDF) for stand-alone nucleon and nuclear PDF (nPDF) for confined nucleon in the nucleus. In LHC era, Z and W boson productions in pPb and PbPb collisions have been used to investigate the initial state effects. In this presentation, we...
The Electron-Ion Collider is a future collider planned to be built at BNL in about 2030. It will provide physicists with high luminosity and highly polarized beams of electrons, protons, and ions with a wide range of nuclei species at different collision energies, covering an extensive kinematic range. The EIC physical goals include measuring the generalized parton distribution from Deeply...
Strange and multi-strange hadrons have a small hadronic cross-section compared to light hadrons, making them an excellent probe for understanding the initial stages of relativistic heavy-ion collisions and QCD dynamics. Isobar collisions,
Recent experimental measurements display an enhanced production of charmed baryons in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. Quite surprisingly the same is found in proton-proton collisions, in which the relative yields of charmed baryons do not agree with the expectations based on e+e- collisions and with the predictions of those QCD event generators in which the hadronization stage is tuned...
Ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at
The high luminosity LHC, or HL-LHC provides the opportunity to study heavy ion, proton-nucleus, photon-nucleus and photon-photon collisions with unprecedented luminosities. The LHC heavy ion community has mapped out a large range of physics measurements at the HL-LHC that will push forward our understanding of both QCD, QED and even electroweak physics. The measurement of forward neutrons and...
The exclusive photoproduction of vector mesons provides a unique opportunity to constrain the gluon distribution function within protons and nuclei. Measuring vector mesons of various masses over a wide range of rapidity and as a function of transverse momentum provides important information on the evolution of the gluon distribution within nuclei. A variety of measurements, including the...
The interplay of the chiral anomaly and the strong magnetic field (~10
Electroweak W and Z bosons created in hard-scattering processes at the early stage of the collisions are efficient probes of the initial state of the collisions. While the measurements of W and Z bosons in p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions provide insights on the nuclear modification of the parton distribution functions, the results in pp collisions are a stringent test of perturbative QCD-based...
We discuss the QCD phase diagram in the presence of strong magnetic fields. It is known that the chiral symmetry is inevitably broken via the celebrated mechanism of the "magnetic catalysis"; the quarks confined in the cyclotron orbits are forced to form the chiral condensate due to the effective low dimensionality. In addition, we take into account the existence of heavy quarks as impurities...
The theoretical analysis of experimental observations, such as the mass hierarchy effect, often neglects some ingredients, which may be proven to have a significant impact. The forthcoming measurements at RHIC and LHC will generate heavy flavor data with unprecedented precision, providing an opportunity to utilize high-pT heavy flavor data to analyze the interaction mechanisms in the...
Final-state effects on J/ψ nuclear modification in A+A collisions have long been observed in heavy-ion physics at RHIC and LHC energies. Suppression of the
The fundamental and first two lowest-frequency excited modes of radial oscillation have been computed in the high nuclear density regime for a set of seven realistic equations of state (EoS) as functions of central energy density. Various types of zero-temperature EoS of cold nucleonic, hyperonic, and strange-quark matter models are used in the inner core to determine the internal structure in...
We perform the first study on asymmetric longitudinal decorrelations of elliptic, triangular and quadrangular flows in proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC and RHIC energies. To measure the longitudinal flow decorrelations for asymmetric collision systems, we propose a new set of rapidity-asymmetric flow decorrelation functions. Our event-by-event hydrodynamic calculations show that the flow...
We present the results of the axial-vector transition form factors of
singly heavy baryons within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton
model. The chiral quark-soliton model is a pion mean-field approach in
the large-
on and equal footing. In the limit of the infinitely heavy mass of the
heavy quark, a singly heavy baryon can be...
At LHC energies it is possible to generate BSQ (baryon, strangeness, and electric) charge fluctuations from gluon splittings into quark anti-quark pairs, generated within the ICCING model. Here we propagate these conserved charges within an upgraded version of the hydrodynamic model, v-USPhydro, that conserves BSQ coupled to a 4-D equation of state {T,μB,μS,μQ} from Lattice Quantum...
We have studied the effects of weak magnetic field and finite chemical potential on the transport of charge and heat in hot QCD medium by determining their response functions, such as electrical conductivity (
While the 3D charge distribution of the nucleon cannot be interpreted as quantum-mechanical probability densities in the Wigner sense, the 2D charge distribution of it has a completely probabilistic meaning. In this talk, we present how the Abel transformation map the 3D charge distribution in the Breit frame onto the 2D charge one in the infinite momentum frame.
Two-particle Bose-Einstein quantum-statistical correlations of charged
kaons were measured at
PHENIX experiment. Encouraged by previous results, a Levy-shaped particle
emitting source was assumed and the parametrizations of the measured
correlation functions were performed accordingly. The shape of these
functions is characterized by the...
Short-lived resonances can probe strongly interacting matter produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The K*(892)± resonance is particularly interesting because of its very short lifetime (~4 fm/c), comparable to that of the hadronic phase. Therefore, it may be sensitive to the competing rescattering and regeneration mechanisms, which modify the particle's momentum distributions after...
We present a new measurement studying the relationship between the production of hard and soft particles through the correlation of Upsilon meson states with the inclusive-charged particle yields in 13 TeV pp collisions. Measurements are made differentially for Upsilon momentum and for different Upsilon states. The analysis is performed using the full-luminosity ATLAS Run-2 13 TeV pp data. A...
The azimuthal anisotropies observed in small systems can originate from the final state response to the initial geometry as well as from initial momentum anisotropies. Recently it has been proposed that the correlation between the flow coefficient
Heavy flavor production provides a unique probe for studying the transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in high-energy nuclear collisions. Experimental observables like the nuclear modification factor
We recently devised a methodology within automatic differentiation (AD) which integrates our physics-priors into the specific IPs and deep learning representation together to perform Bayesian inference on the IPs. We demonstrated the developed methodology in several IPs raised in high energy nuclear physics (can also be easily generalized to other physics areas as well). (1) We first deploy...
The production mechanism of deuterons, which have a binding energy of 2.2 MeV, is a topic of current interest in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, where the system undergoes kinetic freeze-out at temperatures around 100 MeV. Two possible scenarios include (a) statistical thermal process and (b) coalescence of nucleons. Cumulants of deuteron number distributions and proton-deuteron correlations...
We present a systematic study of
We propose an observable counting a weighted difference between right-handed and left-handed lepton pairs, which is coined dilepton helical rate. The weight is the momentum difference of the lepton pairs projected onto an auxiliary vector. We derive the helical rate in a quark-gluon plasma with a vorticity in the limit when the quark and lepton masses are ignored. We find the helical rate is...
We explore the ability of a recently proposed jet substructure technique, Dynamical Grooming, to pin down the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma formed in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular, we compute, both analytically and via Monte-Carlo simulations, the opening angle
Hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining observables of heavy ion collisions especially in low transverse momentum regime across varied collision systems. Recently hydrodynamics has also been used satisfactorily to explain proton-proton collision. This has been puzzling and has led to the discussion about the smallest volume for which hydrodynamics can be applied. The meaning of...
Fluctuations of conserved charges in a grand canonical ensemble can be computed on the lattice and, thus, provide theoretical input for freeze-out phenomenology. Electric charge fluctuations and the corresponding higher order correlators are extremely difficult, suffering form the most severe lattice artefacts.
We present new simulation data with a novel discretization where these effects are...
Light (anti-)nuclei produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, due to their composite structures, naturally encode the many-nucleon correlations. The light nuclei production is thus sensitive to the density fluctuation/correlation developed during the non-smooth phase transition from QGP to hadronic matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions， providing a unique tool to probe the...
Short-lived resonances can probe strongly interacting matter produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In particular, K*(892)
We study the interaction of leading jet partons in a strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) medium based on the effective dynamical quasi-particle model (DQPM). The DQPM describes the non-perturbative nature of the sQGP at finite temperature
A non-equilibrium effective field theory framework has recently been formulated for fluctuating hydrodynamics [1]. In this talk, we present an example of applying this novel formalism to study the critical properties of QCD. In the view that non-Gaussian fluctuations of baryon density are important for the QCD critical point search, we derive evolution equations for the critical non-Gaussian...
Functional forms of the neutron star Equation of State (EoS) are required to extract the viable EoS band from neutron star mergers. Typically, one of three methods are used-- spectral functions, piecewise polytropes, or gaussian process estimations. However, realistic nuclear EoS, containing deconfined quarks or hyperons, present nontrivial features in the speed of sound such as bumps, kinks,...
One important challenge in our field is to understand the initial condition of the QGP and constrain it using sensitive experimental observables. Recent studies show that the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) between vn and event-wise mean transverse momentum [pT], rho(vn, [pT]), and its centrality dependence can probe several ingredients of the initial state, such as number and size of...
The study of nuclear matter over a wide range of collision energy is provided by the RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES). One focus of the program, namely to locate the critical point (CP) in the QCD phase diagram, is closely tied to the measurement of kurtosis in net-proton multiplicity distribution as a function of
Strong magnetic fields are created at the early stage of non-central heavy-ion collisions. However, whether the magnetic fields survive in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions and experimental measurements of various observables are reminiscent of the initially-created magnetic fields still remain elusive. In this talk we show that fluctuations of and correlations among net baryon number,...
Global, pT-integrated polarization of Lambda hyperons in heavy-ion collisions is described well in hydrodynamic and transport models. However, a proper description of the azimuthal angle dependence of Lambda polarization remains a puzzle. Recently introduced spin-shear coupling improves the agreement with the experiment, which is still far from being satisfactory.
In this contribution, we...
It is known that 1+1 dimensional real scalar models with a negative mass squared have a soliton solution called the kink. We analyze the distribution of the energy-momentum tensor around the kink by incorporating the quantum correction up to leading order. The Fourier transform of the distribution corresponds to the gravitational form factors. We employ the collective coordinate method which...
We investigate the gravitational form factors of the baryon octet within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model, also known as the pion mean-field approach, emphasizing the effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking on the
form factors. The D-term form factors provide information on the stability conditions of the baryon octet in terms of the pressures and shear forces inside them. We...
Our understanding of hadronic collisions has been challenged by the intriguing observation of collective phenomena in events with high charged-particle multiplicity density in small systems. Such high multiplicities are expected in events with multiple parton-parton interactions (MPI). At the LHC, MPIs affect the production of heavy-quarks (charm and beauty), and the large statistics samples...
\begin{abstract}
Recent experiments have observed large anisotropic collective flows in high multiplicity proton-lead collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which indicates the possible formation of mini quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in small collision systems.
However, no jet quenching has been confirmed in such small systems so far.
To understand this intriguing result, the system...
Heavy quark production is an important experimental observable that sheds light on the heavy quark interaction with the nuclear medium. With high statistics datasets, tracking and PID at very low transverse momentum, and excellent vertexing capabilities, LHCb performs precision measurements of a rich set of heavy flavor hadrons, including open charm hadrons and charmonia. These capabilities...
Early production of heavy quarks (charm and bottom) in the heavy-ion collisions
and their associated large mass scale renders them as useful probes for studying the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) properties. We study the heavy quark transport coefficients, drag and momentum diffusion, as a function of their initial momentum and QGP temperature for elastic and inelastic processes. The thermal medium...
We present a systematic method for solving the Lindblad equation for heavy-quarkonium dynamics in the quark-gluon plasma which accounts for corrections that are next-to-leading order (NLO) in the ratio of the binding energy of the state and the temperature. The method used relies on mapping the three-dimensional Lindblad evolution to the solution of the one-dimensional Schrodinger evolution...
The study of event-by-event mean transverse momentum (
The detection of cosmic-ray antinuclei is a potential breakthrough approach for the identification of dark matter. Dominant sources of antinuclei in the astrophysical background are proton-proton interactions. Typically, a process producing heavier antinuclei will also produce antiprotons. Therefore, the antiproton production constrains the other antinuclei when assuming specific parameters...
Although signatures of collectivity in high-multiplicity pA collisions suggest possible final-state interactions, an unambiguous search of jet quenching in small collision systems is still missing. Using quark mass as another handle, heavy-flavor observables can shed light on different mechanisms of jet modification in
Short-lived hadronic resonances are very useful to probe the late-stage evolution of ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Since their lifetimes are comparable to the hadronic phase timespan, their measured yields are modified via rescattering and regeneration processes. The suppression of the K
The understanding of the mechanisms for the production of weakly bound clusters, such as a deuteron
In this study we investigate and compare two main mechanisms for the deuteron production based on the Parton-Hadron-Quantum-Molecular Dynamics (PHQMD) [1]...
Hypernuclei are bound nuclear systems of correlated nucleons and hyperons. Therefore, the production of hypernuclei in heavy-ion collisions provides an experimental avenue for studying hyperon
The chiral magnetic effect and chiral vortical effect enable us to probe possible local parity violation in hot dense matter created in heavy ion collisions. While equilibrium description is simple, the situation in heavy ion collisions can be quite far from equilbirum: the axial charge is likely to peak at early stage of the collisions [1-3], and the magnetic field and vorticity are also...
Motivated by the study of beauty quarks to probe the evolution of the nuclear medium, we performed a measurement of the
Quarkonia and tetraquark production have been long-standing puzzles in particle physics. The polarisation measurement of J/ψ is expected to have significant transverse polarisation at large pT, but has been experimentally observed to be consistent with zero. Hard production of onia processes using NRQCD formalism are available in MC generators, such as Pythia8. However, these processes alone...
We show that the same QCD formalism that accounts for the suppression of high-
The NA61/SHINE experimental physics program focuses on searching for the critical point and studying the properties of the onset of deconfinement in the strongly interacting matter. A two-dimensional scan is performed by varying the beam momentum (from 13
Extraction of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) transport properties (i.e. specific shear viscosity
We investigate the impact of a first-order chiral phase transition and critical point on hadron multiplicity ratios. We model the dynamical expansion of the hot and dense matter created in a heavy ion collision with a Bjorken hydrodynamics expansion coupled to the explicit evolution of the chiral order parameter at center-of-mass energies from 2 to 10 GeV. Hereby, the chiral dynamics is...
Fluid dynamical modelling of heavy-ion collisions at RHIC BES, as well as at future FAIR and NICA energies, has its own challenges as compared to classical top RHIC or LHC studies. One of them is due to the long inter-penetration phase of the incoming nuclei, which results in a complex geometry of the initial state. Conventional hydrodynamic models, where fluid phase starts at a fixed proper...
Hadronic resonances are effective tools for studying the hadronic phase in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In fact, their lifetime is comparable to the hadronic phase and resonances are sensitive to the hadronic phase effects such as rescattering and regeneration processes which might affect the resonance yields and shape of the transverse momentum spectra.
We consider the experimental data on yields of protons, strange Λ’s, and multistrange baryons (Ξ, Ω), and antibaryons production on nuclear targets, and the experimental ratios of multistrange to strange antibaryon production, at the energy region from SPS up to LHC, and compare them to the results of the Quark-Gluon String Model calculations. In the case of heavy nucleus collisions, the...
Femtoscopy is a tool that can be used to measure the space--time dimensions of the particle-emitting source created in heavy-ion collisions using two-particle correlations. Additionally to the measurement of the system size, one can extract the average pair-emission asymmetry between two particles with different masses. In this context, the measurement of femtoscopic correlations between...
At RHIC, a fireball forms in the Au-Au collision and rapidly cools during expansion, inside which the QCD matter undergoes a phase transition from quark-gluon-plasma to the hadronic phase. The phase transition signals are expected to be observed via the measurement of fluctuations of conserved charges such as baryon numbers [1]. Indeed, both the dynamical evolution and the...
A major challenge for the upcoming heavy-ion collision programmes around the world is to develop fast, accurate techniques to analyze the large amounts of data produced in the experiments. Novel data analysis techniques are necessary in the experiments to quickly identify events with interesting physics for further analyses and permanent storage. In this talk, we show that PointNet based Deep...
The Spin Hall Effect (SHE) is a generation of spin polarization for moving spin carriers in materials under an external electric field and is instrumental in investigating quantum effects in many-body systems [1]. Recent theoretical calculations indicate that the gradient of baryonic chemical potential (analogous to the electric field) can induce a sizeable spin Hall current in Au+Au...
We present a novel framework ebe-DREENA, based on a state-of-the-art dynamical energy loss model, which can include any temperature profile from bulk medium simulations. The framework is fully optimized to exploit different state-of-the-art medium evolutions - both event-by-event hydrodynamics and kinetic transport theory. It does not use fitting parameters within the energy loss model,...
In this contribution, we present for the first time a scenario according to which early quark deconfinement in compact stars is triggered by the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of a light sexaquark (S) with a mass
The definitive confirmation of gluon saturation effects in high energy hadronic collisions is still outstanding. A promising route to pin down saturation effects is the simultaneous study of vector meson and charged hadron production. Heavy vector mesons, whose mass is of the order of magnitude of the saturation scale, are expected to be less sensitive to saturation effects than lighter...
Heavy quarks, such as charm and bottom quarks, and their quarkonium bound states are very useful internal probes of the hot and dense medium, Quark gluon-plasma, created in heavy-ion collisions. They are created in the collisions and are appreciably affected by the medium. This leads to distinctive features in their observed final yields which carries information about the bulk properties of...
The existence and location of the QCD critical point is an object of both
experimental and theoretical studies. Rich data recorded by NA61/SHINE
at SPS allow for a systematic search for non-monotonic dependence of
various correlation and fluctuation observables on collision energy and
size of colliding nuclei.
This contribution will review the NA61/SHINE studies of scaled...
For several years there has been a strong interest in measuring collective effects in small systems such as proton-proton (pp) and proton-lead (pPb). Such measurements give new insights into the nature of QCD and the meaning of collectivity. In recent years ALEPH, ATLAS, and ZEUS collaborations have extended these studies to electromagnetic interactions such as electron-positron (ee),...
Hadronic transport models are central approaches to study strangeness production from hadron interactions at low-beam energies.
At these energies, results from ArKCl and pNb collisions sparked interest in the last years, since much higher yields of double-strange hadrons were observed than theoretically expected. Therefore, in this work, a previously suggested mechanism to produce
Strangeness production has been suggested as a sensitive probe to the early-time dynamics of the deconfined matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The ratios of particle yields involving strange particles are often utilized to study various properties of the created nuclear matter, such as the strangeness chemical potential and the chemical freeze-out temperature. Analysis of
Hadronization is a non-perturbative process, which theoretical description can not be deduced from first principles. Modeling hadron formation, requires several assumptions and various phenomenological approaches. Utilizing state-of-the-art Computer Vision and Deep Learning algorithms, it is eventually possible to train neural networks to learn non-linear and non-perturbative features of the...
The addition of a Forward Calorimeter (FoCal) to the ALICE experiment is proposed for LHC Run 4 to provide unique constraints on the low-x gluon structure of protons and nuclei via forward measurements of direct photons. A new high-resolution electromagnetic Si-W calorimeter using both Si-pad and Si-pixel layers is being developed to discriminate single photons from pairs of photons...
We investigate the masses and radii of neutron stars within the framework of the in-medium modified chiral soliton model, considering the effects of surrounding baryonic environment on the properties of in-medium baryons. The equation of state describing an infinite and asymmetric nuclear matter are obtained by introducing the density-dependent functions. To extrapolate the high density and...
While the
it is not clear how these properties will change once it is put in a dense
environment such as nuclear matter.
Theoretically, many works have been conducted with the aim of studying the
meson in nuclear matter. Connecting theoretical results with experimental
measurements is, however, not a...
We investigate the axial-vector meson
Extremely large angular orbital momentum can be produced in non-central heavy-ion collisions, leading to a strong transverse polarization of partons that scatter through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) due to spin-orbital coupling. To understand the hyperon polarization observed in relativistic nuclear collisions, we develop a microscopic approach to describe the formation and space-time...
Dielectrons are an exceptional tool to dissect the evolution of the medium created in heavy-ion collisions. In central collisions, the energy densities are sufficient to create a quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Thermal
At LHC energies, the cross section of heavy-flavour (HF)...
We have proposed a mechanism for Xi baryon production in proton-nucleus collisions in which hyperon resonances and anisotropic hyperon production played a role. Parameters of the model were chosen to account for the observed Xi multiplicity by the HADES collaboration (GSI, Darmstadt) in sub-threshold p+Nb collisions. [1] In the present contribution, we investigate whether a similar mechanism...
After the successful installation and first operation of the upgraded Inner Tracking System (ITS2), which consists of about 10 m
Including the finite nuclear thickness has been shown to significantly affect the calculated energy density
One of the present challenge for the theoretical understanding of heavy-quark hadronization is represented by the description of the measurements of heavy baryon production in
The
The polarization of the
The NA60+ experiment, which has been proposed as a fixed target experiment at the CERN SPS, is designed to study the phase diagram of the strongly interacting matter at high baryochemical potential, μB 200-400 MeV. Its main goals will be focused on precision studies of thermal dimuons, heavy quark and strangeness production in Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energies ranging from 5 to 17...
In the journey to explore the strong interaction among hadrons, ALICE has for the first time flared out its femtoscopic studies to nuclei. The large data sample of high-multiplicity pp collisions at
The propagation of heavy quarks (HQs), charm and bottom, in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is described by means of a full Boltzmann transport approach. The non-perturbative dynamics and the interaction between HQs and the bulk is taken into account by means of a Quasi-Particle Model. Including the description of the intense electromagnetic and vortical fields, we discuss their impact on the...
In this talk we present a resummation of the QCD equation of state from
lattice simulations at imaginary chemical potentials. We utilize a
generalization of the scheme introduced in 2102.06660, moving to the case of
non-zero strangeness chemical potential. We present continuum extrapolated
results for thermodynamic observables in the temperature range
130 MeV
The goal of LHCspin is to develop, in the next few years, innovative solutions and cutting-edge technologies to access spin physics in high-energy polarized fixed-target collisions, by exploring a unique kinematic regime given by the LHC beam and by exploiting new probes.
This ambitious task poses its basis on the recent installation of SMOG2, the unpolarized gas target in front of the LHCb...
The search for experimental signatures of the critical point (CP) of strongly interacting matter is one of the main objectives of the NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN SPS. One such candidate observable is local fluctuations of the proton density in transverse space, constituting an order parameter of the chiral phase transition, and expected to scale according to a universal power-law in the...
The phenomenon of strangeness enhancement, originally proposed as a signature of quark-gluon plasma formation, has received considerable new interest following recent observations in small collision systems. LHCb is uniquely well suited to study such effects in the heavy quark sector, down to very low transverse momentum. Here we will present new LHCb results on the production rates of...
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a future particle accelerator to be built at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the primary purpose of experiments at the EIC is to resolve the question of partonic structure of nucleons and nuclei. To achieve the physics goals of the EIC, a hadron calorimeter of high energy resolution is required at forward rapidity. A Dual-readout Calorimeter (DRC)...
Heavy flavour and quarkonium production at hadron colliders provides an important test of the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The PHENIX experiment has a comprehensive physics program that studies open heavy flavor and quarkonium production in p/d+A and A+A collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). It is critical to measure both open heavy flavor and quarkonium in...
The quark susceptibilities are a very useful tool to understand the nature
of the degrees of freedom in the vicinity of the QCD phase transition while Heavy-Quarks (HQs) transport coefficients give us information on their thermalization time in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Recently, new lattice results for the equation of state of QCD with
The sPHENIX experiment at RHIC is currently under construction and on schedule for first data in early 2023. Built around the excellent BaBar superconducting solenoid, the central detector consists of a silicon pixel vertexer adapted from the ALICE ITS design, a silicon strip detector with single event timing resolution, a compact TPC, novel EM calorimetry, and two layers of hadronic...
We present equilibrium as well as out-of-equilibrium properties of the strongly interacting QGP medium under extreme conditions of high temperature
This talk presents the latest ATLAS measurements of heavy flavor and hard probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma, with an aim towards understanding the energy loss mechanisms for probes of different mass and flavor through interactions with the QGP medium. These include recent measurements of open heavy flavor modification and flow in large and small collision systems, new measurements of b-jet and...
Motivated by strangeness enhancement implying the possible QGP (quark-gluon plasma) formation in small colliding systems, we extend the hydro-based framework incorporating non-equilibrated components which play an essential role in small colliding systems. It has been widely accepted that relativistic hydrodynamics well describes the dynamics of the QGP at low
Measurements of quarkonia production in peripheral and ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions are sensitive to photon-photon and photon-nucleus interactions, the partonic structure of nuclei, and to the mechanisms of vector-meson production. LHCb has studied both coherent and incoherent production of
A major focus of recent experiments in heavy-ion collisions is to reveal rich phase structure in high baryon density matter: the first-order chiral transition line with the QCD critical point, CSC phase transition and so on. Such experiments include the beam-energy scan program at RHIC, and HADES and NA61/SHINE collaborations as well as those to be performed in future experimental facilities...
We analyze the behavior of cumulants of conserved charges in a subvolume of a thermal system with exact global conservation laws by extending [1] a recently developed [2] subensemble acceptance method (SAM) to multiple conserved charges. Explicit expressions for all diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants up to sixth order that relate them to the grand canonical susceptibilities are obtained. The...
The unique forward coverage of the LHCb spectrometer allows the valence quark distributions of protons and nuclei to be probed with unprecedented precision. In this high-
Heavy-ion collisions in the few GeV energy regimes probe similar temperatures and densities as created in neutron star mergers and provide a tool to probe cosmic matter in earthly laboratories [1]
In March 2019, the HADES collaboration recorded
This talk presents new measurements of longitudinal flow decorrelations in 5.02 TeV and 13 TeV pp collisions and 5.44 TeV Xe+Xe collisions with the ATLAS detector. The measurements are performed using the two-particle correlation method with charged-particle tracks within |eta| < 2.5 and clusters within 4.0 < |eta| < 4.9. Due to the larger influence of non-flow effects in small collision...
First experimental results on the third-order cumulants of net-proton fluctuations, as well as second-order cumulants of net-pion and net-kaon fluctuations, in Pb-Pb collisions recorded by the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC are presented. Resonance contributions are shown to pose the main challenge in the study of fluctuations in net-electric charge and net-strangeness. The results on...
With a unique geometry covering the forward rapidity region, the LHCb detector provides unprecedented kinematic coverage at low Bjorken-
Two-particle charge-dependent correlations (balance functions) are sensitive to the production and transport of conserved quantum numbers in the medium created in hadronic collisions. In this contribution, recent ALICE measurements of the balance functions of charge, strangeness, and baryon numbers are presented. Balance functions for all combinations of identified charged-hadron (
Transport properties of the matter created in heavy-ion collisions, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), contain essential information about quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this talk, we present our latest study in inferring the transport properties of QGP by an improved Bayesian analysis using the CERN Large Hadron Collider Pb-Pb data. The uncertainties of the extracted properties are reduced by...
We present that the large single transverse spin asymmetry for the pion production in the very forward direction is diffractively produced. The differential cross section of the
For the first time, a single equation of state is used for dynamical simulations of binary neutron-star mergers and heavy-ion collisions [1]. That is done by employing the Chiral Mean Field (CMF) equation of state (EOS) [2] in self-consistent relativistic-hydrodynamic calculations for both systems. A direct comparison of the evolution of physical quantities like temperature, entropy, and...
We present a novel approach to nonperturbatively estimate the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient, which is a key input for the theoretical description of heavy quarkonium production in heavy ion collisions, and is important for the understanding of the elliptic flow and nuclear suppression factor of heavy flavor hadrons. In the heavy quark limit, this coefficient is encoded in the...
We calculate the yields of molecular configuration hadrons produced by heavy ion collision using coalescence model. First, we calculated the transverse momentum distribution of deuteron using the coalescence model from proton transverse momentum distribution in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76TeV measured by ALICE collaboration. From this, we estimate the parameters required for coalescence model at...
In a non-central nucleus-nucleus collision, the colliding system carries large orbital angular momentum, part of which remains within the hot dense matter created by the collision. This angular momentum turns into complex fluid vorticity structures in the bulk fluid, and eventually manifests itself through nontrivial rotational polarization effects. Such quantum phenomena were known in...
Lecture will be served in KOREAN language only, without official interpretation/traslation service to other language(english etc.).
Title: Us, in Universe, From Big-bang to Present
Time: 19h30-21h30 (2hrs.), 15 June 2022
Venue: 2F Grand ballroom, Paradise Hotel Busan
(296, Haeundaehaebyun-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea)
Lecturer:
- Prof. Dr. In-Kwon Yoo (Dept. of...
The Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) of the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), launched in late 2011 to build the Rare Isotope Accelerator complex for ON-line experiment (RAON) for rare isotope science, is preparing for commissioning on low energy superconducting linear accelerators (SCL3) with Argon-40. SCL3 commissioning involves integrated testing of cryogenic plants for superconducting...
