1st oPAC Topical Workshop: Grand Challenges in Accelerator Optimisation

Europe/Zurich
BE auditorium - Building 6 (CERN)

BE auditorium - Building 6

CERN

European Organisation for Nuclear Research CH - 1211Genève 23 Switzerland
Carsten Welsch (Cockcroft Institute/University of Liverpool)
Description
Accelerators are key instruments for fundamental research, health and industry applications. International collaboration is very important for their continued optimisation. To address this oPAC is organising this two-day international workshop on 'Grand Challenges in Accelerator Optimisation'.

The workshop will provide an overview of the current state of the art in beam physics, numerical simulations and beam instrumentation and highlight existing limitations. It will discuss research and development being undertaken and ambitions to further improve the performance of existing and future facilities.

In addition to invited talks, there will be industry displays and a special seminar covering recent LHC discoveries. All participants will have an opportunity to contribute a poster.
Poster
Participants
  • Adam Jeff
  • Adrian Fabich
  • Alberto Degiovanni
  • Alejandro Sosa
  • alessandra lombardi
  • Alessandra Valloni
  • Alessandro Spinelli
  • Alexej Grudiev
  • Alfonso BENOT MORELL
  • Allan Gillespie
  • Amor NADJI
  • Angel Munoz-Martin
  • Antonio Perillo-Marcone
  • Arnd Baurichter
  • Aránzazu Maira-Vidal
  • Bernd Dehning
  • Bettina Mikulec
  • Bjarne Roger Nielsen
  • Blaine Lomberg
  • Carlo ROSSI
  • Carsten Welsch
  • CONCEPCION OLIVER
  • Daniel Ratner
  • Daniel Schoerling
  • Daria Astapovych
  • Davide Gamba
  • Deniau Laurent
  • Dewi Lewis
  • EDUARDO NEBOT DEL BUSTO
  • Eirini Koukovini-Platia
  • Elena Shaposhnikova
  • elena wildner
  • Emilia Cruz Alaniz
  • Enrico Bravin
  • Esteban Daniel Cantero
  • Eva Barbara Holzer
  • Everton Granemann Souza
  • Fabio Formenti
  • Frank Schmidt
  • Frank Stulle
  • Frank Zimmermann
  • Gary Newham
  • georges trad
  • Ghislain Roy
  • Gianluigi Arduini
  • Giulia Bellodi
  • Glenda Wall
  • Glenn Vanbavinckhove
  • Hannes Bartosik
  • Heiko Damerau
  • Helen Williams
  • Horst Schönauer
  • Jan Uythoven
  • Jean-Baptiste Lallement
  • Jocelyn Tan
  • JOSE L. ABELLEIRA
  • Juan Garcia
  • Juan Herranz
  • Juergen Pfingstner
  • Klaus Hanke
  • Konstantin Kruchinin
  • Lars Jensen
  • Laura Torino
  • Laurent Nadolski
  • Liesbeth Vanherpe
  • Louis RINOLFI
  • Luigi Cosentino
  • LUIS ROSO
  • Manuel Cargnelutti
  • Marcin Bartosik
  • Marco BATTAGLIA
  • Maria Cristina Battaglia
  • Maria Kuhn
  • MARTA TRUEBA
  • Martina Sofranac
  • Mats Lindroos
  • Meghan McAteer
  • Michael Benedikt
  • Michaela Schaumann
  • Michał Jarosz
  • Michele Carla'
  • Miguel Fernandes
  • Mikhail Martyanov
  • Nader Alharbi
  • Nikhil Shetty
  • Nuel Gavaldà Xavier
  • Oleksandr Kovalenko
  • Oznur Mete
  • Panagiotis Zisopoulos
  • Pavel Karataev
  • Pavel Kavrigin
  • Pavel Maslov
  • Ralph Fiorito
  • Raul Moron Ballester
  • Regina Kwee
  • Rhodri Jones
  • Richard Hawkings
  • Richard Scrivens
  • Robert Apsimon
  • Sanjeev Kumar
  • Sarmadi Almecci
  • Sehar Naveed
  • Serge Sierra
  • Stefano Meroli
  • Steven Hancock
  • Tadeusz Kurtyka
  • Themistoklis Mastoridis
  • Thibaut Lefevre
  • Thomas Zickler
  • Tobias Junginger
  • Victor Joco
  • Werner Riegler
  • Xiangcheng Chen
    • 1
      Welcome / Training the next generation of accelerator experts
      Many of today’s most advanced research infrastructures rely on the use of particle accelerators. This includes for example synchrotron-based light sources and FELs, high energy accelerators for particle physics experiments, high intensity hadron accelerators for the generation of exotic beams and spallation sources, as well as much smaller accelerator facilities where cooled beams of specific (exotic) particles are provided for precision experiments and fundamental studies. Moreover, particle accelerators are very important for many commercial applications, such as for example medical applications, where they are used for the provision of radioactive isotopes, x-ray or particle beam therapy. Furthermore, they are widely used for material studies and treatment, lithography, or security applications, such as scanners at airports or cargo stations. The full potential of any particle accelerator can only be exploited if the performance of all its parts are continuously optimized, if numerical tools are made available that allow for developing and improving advanced machine designs and for benchmarking modelling codes against experimental results, if beam diagnostics methods are developed in partnership between the academic and industry sectors to monitor beams with ever higher intensities and brightness, shorter pulse lengths or smaller dimensions, and if the state-of-the-art in control and data acquisition systems is pushed further by the international research community to link all the above. These are the aims of the oPAC project. Funded by the European Union with a budget of 6 M€, oPAC is one of the largest-ever research and training networks within the 7th Framework Program. In this talk, I will present an overview of the project, our research activities and planned international training events.
      Speaker: Prof. Carsten Welsch (Cockcroft Institute / University of Liverpool)
      Slides
    • 2
      LHC and its High-Luminosity Upgrade
      The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN has been operated for three years for physics leading to the discovery of a Higgs boson. The operational experience will be reviewed together with the main challenges encountered and the solutions applied. The performance outlook after the long shut-down and the future upgrade plans will be discussed with particular emphasis on the beam dynamics aspects.
      Speaker: Gianluigi Arduini (CERN)
      Slides
      Video
    • 3
      Circular Higgs Factories & Possible Long-Term Strategy
      In 2012 two LHC experiments have discovered a new particle with a mass around 125 GeV, which appears to be the scalar Higgs boson of the Standard Model. To further examine this remarkable particle it could be produced in large numbers for precision studies by an e+e− collider operating near the ZH threshold at beam energies of 120 GeV, or, in the s-channel by a gamma-gamma collider with primary electron beam energies of 80 GeV, or by a high-energy electron-proton collider. In this talk I will discuss tentative design parameters, novel concepts and accelerator-physics challenges (1) for a high-luminosity lepton-hadron collider, bringing into collision a 60-GeV electron beam from an energy-recovery electron linac with one of the LHC hadron beams – LHeC –, (2) for a gamma-gamma Higgs-factory collider based on the reconfigured recirculating SC electron linac – SAPPHiRE – and (3) for a circular e+e− Higgs-factory collider in a new tunnel with a circumference of 80-100 km – TLEP. I will also discuss future paths to pp and eA collisions at even higher energies (VHE-LHC, TLHeC and VHE-TLHeC), and sketch a possible long-term strategy for accelerator-based high-energy physics. For the LHeC a conceptual design was completed in 2012. Recently parameters are being modified to further increase the LHeC luminosity, which implies higher lepton-beam current and smaller proton-beam spot size. It is planned to validate key components of the LHeC in a CERN ERL test facility, which is presently being designed. An important challenge for SAPPHiRE is the layout of the interaction region and the generation of high-power photon pulses needed for Compton back scattering. These photon pulses, which collide with the electron beams about 1 mm from the interaction point proper, could be produced either by a conventional laser together with an optical stacking cavity or by a Free Electron Laser. TLEP has the potential to deliver some 500 times the LEP luminosity simultaneously to each of four experiments at 240 GeV c.m. More specifically, the proposed TLEP machine covers the full energy range from the Z pole up to above the top quark pair threshold, with luminosities ranging from close to 1036 cm-2s-1 per IP at the Z (“Tera-Z factory”) to 1034 cm-2s-1 at the top threshold. Beam polarization at energies up to the W pair threshold should be possible, allowing exquisite energy calibration by resonant depolarization. Many of TLEP’s novel design ingredients – such as an insertion with beta* equal to or less than 1 mm, and operation with beam lifetimes of a few minutes – will soon be demonstrated at SuperKEKB in Japan. Importantly, TLEP provides a path towards a later Very High Energy LHC (“VHE-LHC”), with a centre-of-mass energy approaching 100 TeV in pp collisions: VHE-LHC and TLEP would be housed in the same tunnel and could share a large part of the infrastructure including experimental caverns, magnets, and major detector components. Such a complex could also deliver highest-energy highest-luminosity ep and eA collisions. Only preliminary rough concepts exist for going to energies beyond VHE-LHC. E.g. 1000-TeV pp collisions could be realized with the help of crystals in the TLEP/VHE-LHC tunnel.
      Speaker: Dr Frank Zimmermann (CERN)
      Slides
    • 10:30 AM
      Coffee Break
    • 5
      Optics Code MAD-X and Tracking code SixTrack at CERN - An Overview
      The MAD in its F77 incarnation of version 8 has been very successful in the 90's and is used around the world even today. The LHC design tool was supposed to be MAD9 written from scratch in C++. Since this failed, despite a major 5 years effort, the MAD-X project was started. In early 2000 Hans Grote and a team of module keepers had to construct a C & F77 hybrid code within 6 months to provide the desperately needed optics code for the LHC design phase. MAD-X allowed all design work for the LHC and has also become central to the commissioning and control phase of the LHC. The code was complemented by the PTC code written by E. Forest from KEK to allow for a more modern description of accelerator elements and to make use of long established NormalForm techniques. Presently, there is an attempt to rewrite MAD from scratch to overcome the inherent limitations of MAD-X. In parallel there has been a decade long strive to speed optimize the single particle tracking code SixTrack. It gets its input from MAD and was used to evaluate the long-term stability limited due to magnet imperfections and the beam-beam interactions. SixTrack is meant for massive tracking studies and has been adapted over the years to the latest computing facilities like the CRAY supercomputers, farms of PCs, world-wide distributed computing on home computers and more recently the option of GPU computing is envisaged.
      Speaker: Frank Schmidt (CERN)
      Slides
    • 12:15 PM
      Lunch Break
    • 6
      High intensity accelerators
      The high intensity frontier in accelerator science drives development in fields as varying as neutrino physics, material science and life sciences with neutrons, rare decays searches and transmutation. The accelerators used can broadly be divided into high average intensity hadron machines, high instantaneous intensity hadron machines and high intensity electron/positron machines. I will give an overview of the main facilities in the word and the discuss in some detail the design of the high average intensity proton accelerator for the European Spallation Source which soon will be under construction in Lund in Sweden.
      Speaker: Dr Mats Lindroos (CERN)
      Slides
    • 7
      Beam Instrumentation challenges
      Beam instrumentation encompasses all instruments that observe beam behaviour, providing “eyes” for machine operators. Good beam instrumentation is a must for safe and efficient accelerator optimisation. Today's main challenges lie in the request for unprecedented precision with positioning down to well below the micron level; dealing with high beam powers requiring non-invasive measurement techniques; and dealing with the ultra-fast implying measurements on femto-second timescales. All of this typically on a bunch by bunch basis requiring the efficient treatment of increasingly more data. This presentation will give an overview of these challenges and how they are currently being addressed.
      Speaker: Dr Rhodri Jones (CERN)
      Slides
    • 3:30 PM
      Coffee Break
    • 8
      Low energy/low intensity beams
      In this talk a wide overview of the current state of the art of facilities that produce low energy/low intensity beams will be presented. Performances and R&D activities will be described, also putting in evidence the future plans for the improvements. The main facilities producing radioactive ion beams will be also presented, with an accurate description of the related beam diagnostics.
      Speaker: Dr Luigi Cosentino (LNS - INFN)
    • 9
      Monte Carlo Studies into energy deposition and beam collimation
      At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), proton beam losses must be controlled to unprecedented levels of accuracy as there are about 9 orders of magnitudes between the beam stored energy ad the quench limits of superconducting magnets. This poses critical challenges for the simulations of collimation performance that must provide accurate estimates with appropriate statistics of beam losses at the level of 1e-5 of the primary beam halo. A review of the available tools for collimation simulations, based on state-of-the-art particle tracking and energy deposition simulations, is presented. The comparison with the experimental data accumulated during the LHC run1 at 3.5 TeV and 4 TeV is also discussed and future challenges of novel collimation concepts are outlined.
      Speaker: Dr Stefano Redaelli (CERN)
      Slides
    • Discussion Session