Conveners
Poster 2
- Martin Grossmann (Paul Scherrer Institut)
We present the design and the preliminary test results of a dual-channel VCSEL-driver ASIC, LOCld65 with the aim of introducing it for the upgrade of the front-end readout system of the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter. LOCld65 is fabricated in a commercial 65-nm CMOS process, and each channel operates up to 14 Gbps. LOCld65 provides a perfect match to lpGBT, which is a single-channel 10 Gbps...
Theoretically, the cross section of X-ray phase shift caused by these low-Z elements is at least three orders of magnitude higher than the absorption. Thus the phase contrast X-ray imaging can offer better imaging contrast. A low-dose, large vision field and high phase contrast human CT prototype based on three-grating interferometry is in development by NSTL (national synchrotron radiation...
Small animal positron emission tomography (PET) is a high sensitivity and resolution PET device for small animal imaging. Flexibility, high efficiency, high precision charge measurement and position calculation are major demands of a practical PET system which asks for a high-quality analog front end and a digital signal processing module. To achieve higher efficiency and compatibility of...
In order to implement the driver function for several types of scientific CCD detector, decreasing the size of electronics of CCD detector system, an ASIC chip of CCD driver is designed. It provides multi-channel clocks and bias voltage, called BCDA (Bias Clock Driver ASIC). In the BCDA chip, clock drivers and bias drivers have different designs.
For the different level requirements of bias...
In Inertial Confinement Fusion(ICF), the laser-driven magnetic-flux compression can suppressing the heat losses through electron confinement, thus increasing the ion temperature as well as the neutron yield. The pulse magnetic field is created by discharging a high-voltage capacitor through a small wire-wound coil, and the Rogowski coil is used to measure the discharge current which can...
A fully synchronous programmable pattern generator is often required in modern physics experiments.
Typical cases are experiments that use Charge Coupled Device (CCD) as detectors or the design verification of electronics devices.
Most of the times commercial pattern generators are used but in some specific cases they are not practical or impossible to use. An alternative is to implement a...
Micromegas detector is a gas detector with parallel plate structure, and it consists of a conversion gap in which radiations liberate ionization electrons and a thin amplification gap. The signal of the micromegas detector consists of two parts: the electron peak and the ion tail. The electronic signal just keeps few nanoseconds, which is used for precise time measurement. The ion signal...
Submersible Buoy (SB) is an important apparatus capable of long-term, fixed-point, continuous and multi-directional measurement of acoustic signals and hydrological environment monitoring in the harsh marine environment, providing important information for hydrological environment research, marine organism research and protection.
The SB has long runtimes and recovery cycles, and the...
As the development of electronic science and technology, electronic data acquisition(DAQ) system is more and more widely applied to nuclear physics experiments. Workstations are often utilized for data storage, data display, data processing and data analysis by researchers. Nevertheless, the workstations are ordinarily separated from detectors in nuclear physics experiments by several...
This paper describes a new all-digital technique for calibration of the mismatches in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (TIADCs) to reduce the circuit area. The proposed technique employ first order approximation FIR filter banks, which do not need large number of FIR taps. In case of a four-channel 12-bit TIADC, the proposed technique improves SINAD of simulated data from 54dB to...
Charge integration ratio (Qratio), method in the Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) technique has been widely used to discriminate between fast neutron and gamma in organic scintillation detectors. In this method, for neutron signals, in low-energy region of less than hundred keVee, Qratio of scintillation detectors has highly energy dependence. This leads to Figure of Merit (FOM), a quantity...
The objective of this study is to develop a real-time multi-channel detector readout and data acquisition system for a compact silicon photomultiplier based Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner for preclinical radiotherapy. Without using ASIC, the system consists of simple op-aps and FPGAs and apply novel 1-bit sigma-delta modulation (SDM) method to have most circuit functions of signal...
The RFX-mod2 Nuclear Fusion experiment is an upgrade of RFX-mod. Among the other improvements in machine structure and diagnostics, a larger number of electromagnetic probes (EMs) is foreseen to provide more information about plasma instabilities and to allow an improved real-time plasma control. An Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) architecture able to provide both transient recording and...
The under-construction White Neutron Source at China Spallation Neutron Source (so-called Back-n) is a facility for nuclear data measurements which has planned seven spectrometers. As the different of physical objectives, the requirements for readout electronics of each spectrometer differs from each other. To accommodate the variety of detectors, the general-purpose readout electronics with a...
This contribution focuses on phase-noise added during frequency conversion in low level radio frequency (LLRF) control systems. The stability of beams’ parameters in linear accelerators depends on the stability of amplitude and phase of the accelerating field. A LLRF control system regulates the electromagnetic field inside accelerating modules based on the input RF signals. Typically those...
Inspired by Wilkinson ADC method, we implement a fast linear discharge method based on FPGA to digitize nuclear pulse signal. In this scheme, we use a constant current source to discharge the charge on capacitor which is integrated by the input current pulse so as to convert the amplitude of the input nuclear pulse into time width linearly. Thanks to the high precision of TDC measurement that...
At the Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) in Juelich a barrier bucket RF system is used to manipulate the proton beam. Such a system can compensate the energy loss in the target and allows for a mostly constant intensity most of the time. The barrier bucket signal is a short pulse like a single sine period.
To provide this signal we developed a signal generator based on a XILINX ZC706 evaluation...
The Online Software, manager of the JUNO data acquisition (DAQ) system, is composed of many distributed components working coordinately. It takes the responsibility of configuring, processes management, controlling and information sharing etc. The design of service-oriented architecture (SOA) which represents the modern tendency in the distributed system makes the online software lightweight,...
ATLAS will replace the muon end-cap detectors, the so-called Small Wheel(SW), with the New Small Wheel (NSW) in the Phase-I upgrade to enhance its high rate performance. Small-Strip Thin Gap Chambers (sTGCs), developing from the Thin Gap Chamber(TGC) technology but with much smaller strip pitch, have been selected as one of the main detector technologies to be used for the NSW. An sTGC...
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is of great significance for future information security. The CVQKD can achieve higher key rates over short distances and possesses the potential to communicate in daylight. Although the existing commercial balanced detectors are well established, they are not suitable for CVQKD because their CMRR is usually less than 40dB and the...
European Spallation Source will be the brightest neutron source in the world. It is being built in Lund, Sweden. Over 120 superconducting cavities will be installed in the facility, each regulated by an individual LLRF control system. To reduce the risk of testing the systems on real cavities a Cavity Simulator was designed. It reproduces the behaviour of superconducting cavities used in the...
The Belle II experiment, a next generation experiment in the field of flavor physics, is scheduled to start in 2018. The main purpose of the experiment is to search for physics beyond the standard model with high-precision measurement of B meson decays. The luminosity of SuperKEKB accelerator, an asymmetric electron/positron collider, will be 40 times as much as that of the previous KEKB...
Time-of-Flight system in CBM experiment is composed of super modules based on MRPCs for high resolution time measurement. In order to evaluate the quality of detectors during the mass production, a distributed data readout system is developed, in which each data readout module (DRM) board is based on the System-on-Chip technique and the Ethernet, so that data can be parallel transmitted to the...
At the first three instruments of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) in China, seven neutron beam monitors were installed and commissioned in August 2017. Each of these monitors has its own FPGA electronics and GUI acquisition program based on version 4 of the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). In this paper we show how data acquisition, visualization and...
The CMS Detector will undergo a major upgrade for the Phase-2 of the LHC physics program, which will start around 2026. The detector will be read out at a rate of 750 kHz by some 50k high-speed optical links, for an average event size of 7.5 MB. In the baseline architecture for the Phase-2 DAQ, the optical links from detector front-ends are aggregated in detector-dependent ATCA based back-end...
Small-strips Thin Gap Chamber(sTGC) is one of the detectors on new small wheel(NSW) which is an important part of Atlas Phase-I upgrade. We will present our design and test results for the sTGC front-end electronic interface board, which aims to demonstrate the functionality and interface of ASICs on the sTGC front-end board. VMM, TDS(Trigger Data Serializer), SCA(Slow Control Adapter) and...
Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance (uSR) technology has an irreplaceable role in studying the microstructure and properties of materials, especially micro-magnetic properties. An experimental muon source is being built in China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) now. At the same time, a 128-channel uSR spectrometer as China's first uSR spectrometer is being developed. The time spectrum...
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino observatory (JUNO) is a neutrino medium baseline experiment in construction in China, with the goals to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to perform precise measurements of several neutrino mass and mixing parameters. A large liquid scintillator (LS) volume will detect the antineutrinos issued from nuclear reactors. The LS detector is instrumented by...
In nuclear detection and high energy physics experimentations, large amount of detectors are widely used, proposing great challenges to the data acquisition (DAQ) system in timing, trigger and high speed data transmission. A new general purpose DAQ system with high integration and scalability is being designed. Multiple boards are connected serially via bidirectional optical links at the line...
With the rapid development of electronicsal technology, the scientific CCD detector has been widely used in many fields such as astronomy, medicine and industry due to its ultra-high quantum efficiency and ultra-low readout noise. In order to verifyfacilitate rapid the functions and performances test of the of the scientific CCD controller rapidly, a general simulation and test system based...
CCD was born in Bell Laboratories in 1969 and has been widely used in various fields. Its ultra-low noise and high quantum efficiency make it work well in particle physics, high energy physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics. Nowadays, more and more CCD cameras have been developed for medical diagnosis, scientific experiments, aerospace, military exploration and other fields. For the wide...
To test and calibrate various detectors in nuclear and high energy physics experiments, a general purposed calibration instrument has been developed. All information including timing, amplitude and charge of signals can be directly obtained to calibrate detector with this instrument by amplifying and digitizing the signal waveform. The system consists of two parts, a large dynamic range...
Liquid argon (LAr) with a high light yield of approximately 40 photons per keV is an attractive target for the direct detection of WIMPs, which are well motivated galactic dark matter candidates. In this paper, we present a front end electronics design for a LAr dark matter detector with the scintillation read out by PMT, which has an input dynamic range from 5pC to 1nC, and high resolution...
The Particle And Astrophysical Xenon Experiment III (PandaX-III) is an experiment to search for the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (NLDBD) using high-pressure gaseous xenon TPC with Micromegas detectors at both ends and cathode in the middle. At the first phase of the experiment, there are 41 Micromegas detectors at each TPC end-plate. A small-scale TPC equipped with 7 Micromegas detectors is...
This research is intended to provide a feasible readout system for high granular Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) in the proposing high energy Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). A system including readout pads array, Front-end Electronics Board (FEB) and Detector InterFace (DIF) board is designed and fully tested. This system is applied on a double layers GEM detector. The...
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a proposing electron positron collider in China which aims for generating a very high center-of-mass energy colliding above 250GeV in where Higgs events are produced with considerable luminosity. The high granularity Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) is included in calorimeter system which is mainly responsible for the measurement of photon. A...
On the basis of requirement of CSNS, we designed a TDC chip with temperature compensation function in this paper, which employed TSMC 180nm process. Using delay unit bufx8 as the major method, delay lines in each level delayed input signal line through the bufx8 unit to realize fundamental measurement function. The time intervals of two fixed delay standard pulses did not change with...
A near-infrared (NIR) measurement based on digital orthogonal vector lock-in amplifier (LIA) is present in this paper. NIR sky background radiation is very weak. To detector the signals obscured by noise, the best way achieved is to use a chopper to modulate the detected signal and using a LIA to demodulate. The effect of 1/f noise of detector, dark current and other noises can be reduced to...
China Spallation Neutron Source is mainly used for nuclear data measurements. In order to achieve the energy of neutron, one method is to measure the time that the neutron spends to travel along a fixed distance. So we developed a time-of-flight electronics system for the experiment. In order to detect the hit position of the neutron for beam profiling, we use a detector with 256 channels, of...
The FEB(front end board) configuration test board is developed aiming at the requirement of testing the new generation ASIC chips and its configuration system for ATLAS NSW(New Small Wheel) upgrade, this research studies the configuration of the key chips on the FEB–VMM3 and TDS2 using GBT-SCA, develops multiple level standards and communication protocol, and verifies the whole data link. It...
To standardize and simplify the control system at Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR), we develop 10G Ethernet based remote DAQ system. By separating the DAQ system and the host, the structure of the control system can be made more flexible. We have developed a DAQ module with a 10G Ethernet interface based on a MicroTCA.4 system designed to control devices in real time on...
As with EAST( Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) experimental data analyzed by more and more collaborator, the video from 2D camera which directly reflecting the spatially distributed phenomena in high-temperature plasma, attracts more and more researchers’ attention. EAST now have four high-speed cameras and the image capture rate is very from 120 to 1000 frames per second....
Large liquid argon Time Projection Chambers have been adopted for the DUNE experiment’s far detector, which will be composed of four 17 kton detectors situated 1.5 km underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This represents a large increase in scale compared to existing experiments. Both single- and dual-phase technologies will be validated at CERN, in cryostats capable of...
In this contribution we will present the readout system being designed for triple-GEM detectors that should be installed in 2019-2020 in the CMS muon endcap system for the LHC high luminosity phase. Beginning of 2017, 10 triple-GEM detectors equipped with VFAT2 front-end chips and readout system version 2 have been for the first time installed in CMS. Lessons learnt from this so-called “slice...
The video acquisition and processing systems are commonly used in industrial and scientific applications. Many of them utilize Camera Link interface for the transmission of a video stream from the camera to the host system.
The framework presented in the paper enables capturing such data, processing it and transmitting to the host CPU. It consist of MTCA.4-compliant frame grabber and a set of...
This works intends to give an overview of the PCI-Express board πLUP, focusing on the motivation that led to its development, the technological choices adopted and its performance. The πLUP card was designed by INFN and University of Bologna as a possible readout interface to be used after the upgrade of the Pixel Detector of the experiments ATLAS or CMS at LHC. The same team in Bologna also...
This paper describes the software developed for control configuration and data access of the Ethernet Flash ADC (EFADC) and the paired module known as the Ethernet Trigger Supervisor (ETS). The EFADC and ETS are a multiple-unit system designed to provide coincidence data acquisition in a modular form with 4 ns timing resolution. The paper briefly describes the EFADC and ETS hardware at the top...
Abstract:The Jiangmen neutrino experiment(JUNO) will design, develop and operate an internationally leading neutrino experimental station to measure the order of neutrino mass, accurately measure neutrino mixing parameters, and carry out many other scientific frontier studies. The entire experimental system includes a detector system, an electronics system, and a data acquisition (DAQ) system....
In systems with multiple radiation detectors, time synchronization of the data collected from different detectors is essential to reconstruct multi-detector events such as scattering and coincidences. In cases where the number of detectors exceeds the readout channels in a single data acquisition electronics module, multiple modules have to be synchronized, which is traditionally accomplished...
Time over dynamic threshold (TODT) method, proposed in our previous work, has been successfully used for nuclear pulse charge measurement in PET detectors. It has advantages of strict linearity, large dynamic range, and better energy resolution, but requires a relatively complex circuit to generate specific dynamic threshold. In this paper, we propose to replace the dynamic threshold by a...
The multi-host type DAQ front-end system is proposed and a prototype system is developed. In general, CAMAC/VME type ADC modules have a single trigger-input (or gate-input) port. In contrast, a prototype of a new system has multiple trigger-input ports. In addition, the Wilkinson-type and successive approximation ADCs have the dead time, whereas, this prototype system utilizes the combination...
At the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, the PandaX-4ton ( Particle AND Astrophysical Xenon phase IV) in planning is a dark matter direct detection experiment with dual-phase Xenon. PandaX-4ton, compared to PandaX-II, has more readout channels and higher time precision requirements. Once incoming WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) collide with Xenon atom, prompt scintillation...
The Time-of-Flight (TOF) system, a spectrometer for charged hadron identification in the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment, is comprised with super modules. Each super module contains several multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs) and provides up to 320 electronic channels in total for high-precision time measurement. During mass production of the MRPCs, it is necessary and...
In order to deal with the international problem of shortage of 3He, a new type of boron-coated Multi-wire proportional chamber (MWPC) thermal neutron detector is developed. Readout electronics for it, which can achieve good position resolution, is introduced in this paper. In this readout electronics, hit signal from MWPC detector is fed into the delay line module propagates towards to both...
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment will investigate the QCD phase diagram at high net baryon densities and moderate temperatures. CBM Time of Flight (TOF) system is composed of super modules containing high performance Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). During the mass production, each super module assembled with MRPCs needs quality evaluation, which includes time...
The experiment data generated by the EAST device is getting larger and larger, and it is necessary to monitor the MDSplus data storage server on EAST. In order to facilitate the management of users on the MDSplus server, a real-time monitoring log analysis system is needed. The data processing framework adopted by this log analysis system is the Spark Streaming framework in Spark ecosphere,...
Super module assembled with MRPC detectors is the component unit of TOF spectrometer for the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment. Quality of super modules needs to be evaluated before it is applied in CBM-TOF. The maximum data rate is up to 6 Gbps at each sandwich TDC station (STS), which is used to digitize time signal exported from super module. In this paper, a real-time data flow...
As Plasma Control Systems (PCS) grow beyond the resource constraints of single, monolithic
computers, the need similarly increases for real-time communication between physical
computers. Three experiments sharing a common baseline framework (the General Atomics
(GA) PCS) approach the situation with similar high level concepts manifested through different
lower level implementations. NSTX-U is...
Motor is the most widely used power equipment in the industrial field, and it is also an important key equipment in the industrial Internet of things (IIOT). The traditional way of motor monitoring is to monitor a single motor, and the collected data is not stored effectively, so that the data cannot be analyzed and processed and the value of the data is not fully utilized. With the...
In this work we show a method to reduce the number of signals to be processed from a detector block for gamma ray imaging. There have been investigations towards reducing the number of signals in order to specially decrease system costs. Anger logic is one of widest used approach, since it reduces the number of photosensor signals to only 4. Other approaches result into two projections,...
At the Centre for Proton Therapy at the Paul Scherrer Institute cancer patients are treated with a fixed beamline and in two gantries for ocular and non-ocular malignancies, respectively. For the installation of a third gantry a new patient safety system (PaSS) was developed and is sequentially being rolled out to update the existing areas. The aim of PaSS is to interrupt the treatment...
The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) Safety Instrumented System (SIS) ensures personal safety and investment protection. The development and implementation of the SIS are based on the international safety standard for the process industry sector, IEC 61511. The SIS exhibits a distributed and hierarchical organized architecture consisting of a central Safety System (cSS) on the top and many local Safety...
In recent years, SiPM photoelectric devices have drawn much attention in the domain of time-of-flight-based Positron emission tomography (TOF-PET). Using them to construct PET detectors with excellent coincidence time resolution (CTR) is always one of research focus. In this paper, a SiPM readout pre-amplifier based on common-base current amplifier structure followed by a Pole-Zero (PZ)...
The main physics goal for Back-n white neutron facility at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is to measure nuclear data. The energy of neutrons is one of the most important parameters for measuring nuclear data. Method of time of flight (TOF) is used to obtain the energy of neutrons. The time when proton bunches hit the thick tungsten target is considered as the start point of TOF. T0...
White Rabbit is a new technology that can distributes precise time and frequency among thousands of nodes for long distance. The compatibility with standard Ethernet makes it ideal for applications that requires both precise time/frequency synchronization and bi-directional data exchange. Interests have been expressed to apply this technology in different fields, which also bring their...
EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) Technical Diagnostic System (TDS) is used to monitor the outlet temperature of all superconducting coils, in case of temperature anomaly, it will trigger safety interlock system to meet EAST device safety. The data acquisition system of TDS (TDS_DAQ) is in charge of continue data acquisition of the nitrogen and helium temperature signals,...
In the hard X rays domain, the phase shift of the wave passing through the soft materials like tissues is typically three orders of magnitude larger than the absorption. Therefore the phase-sensitive X-ray imaging methods can obtain substantially increased contrast over conventional absorption-based imaging. The grating-based phase contrast imaging(GBPCI), which can achieve a large field of...
The Real-Time Systems Engineering Department of the Scientific Computing Division at Fermilab has deployed set of customizations to our Off-The-Shelf DAQ solution (otsdaq) at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility (FTBF) to read out the beamline instrumentation in support of FTBF users. In addition to reading out several detectors which use various detection technologies and readout hardware, the...
In 2019, the LHCb experiment at CERN will undergo a major upgrade where its detector electronics and the entire readout system will be replaced. The goal is to read-out all events at the full LHC frequency of 40 MHz, reaching a total data rate of ~40 Tb/s. In this context, a new timing, trigger and readout control system has been developed: its main tasks are to distribute centrally the clock,...
ATLAS is one of the four experiments at Large Hadron Collider(LHC).LHC will be upgraded in the next several years aiming to new physics study. ATLAS experiment will fulfill Phase-I upgrade by 2020. The current ATLAS muon end-cap system(Small Wheel, SW) will be replaced with a completely New Small Wheel(NSW). The NSW is a set of precision tracking and trigger detectors able to work at high...
The CODA data acquisition software at Jefferson Lab uses Java extensively. In particular, we used Java to code the distributed event builder and event recorder. Although Java is not generally regarded as real-time software, we have taken advantage of several techniques that allow the event builder to handle the data rates being produced by the front end. In this paper, we describe these...
Back-n is a white neutron beam line at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The time structure of the primary proton beam make it fully applicable to use TOF (time-of-flight) method for neutron energy measuring. We implement the TOF measurement on the general -purpose readout electronics system which is designed to adapt all of the seven detectors in Back-n. The general-purpose readout...
In 2019, the LHCb experiment at CERN will undergo a major upgrade where its detector electronics and the entire readout system will be replaced. The goal is to read-out all events at the full LHC frequency of 40 MHz, reaching a total data rate of ~40 Tb/s. In this context, a new timing, trigger and fast readout control system has been developed: its main tasks are to distribute centrally the...
The Compressed Baryonic Matter-Time of Flight (CBM-TOF) wall uses high performance of Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) assembled in Super module (SM) detectors to identify charged particles with high channel density and high measurement precision at the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment. During the mass production, the quality of each SM should be evaluated. For the...
The High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) is a versatile detector system that has been operational at the GSI heavy ion accelerator facility for about 15 years.
For the “FAIR phase 0” beam time campaign in summer 2018 a number of HADES components are being upgraded, such as the RICH and the ECAL. Both detectors will be read out by dedicated front-end boards with FPGA-based TDCs of...