In nuclear reactions induced by low-energy charged particles, atomic electrons can participate in the process by screening the nuclear charge and so, effectively reduce the repulsive Coulomb barrier. Consequently, the measured cross section is enhanced by an effect called electron screening. In numerous experiments, different research groups [1-4] obtained extremely high values of electron...
The fast proton induced p – processes reactions play a key role in the astrochemical elements yields of the big bang nucleosynthesis for standard cosmology. Astrophysical concurrence of several p - process mechanisms in the production of p – nuclei was analyzed for proton energy up to 25 MeV.
Cross sections of proton induced reactions and contribution of each nuclear reaction mechanism for...
The phenomenon of dissociation of relativistic nuclei observed with a unique completeness in the nuclear track emulsion (NTE) makes it possible to study ensembles of nucleons and lightest nuclei of interest to nuclear cluster physics and astrophysics [1]. The advantages of the NTE technique include a record space resolution in determining emission angles for recognition relativistic ${}^{8}$Be...
Experiment was done by our group on $^{12}$C($^{3}$He,t)$^{12}$N reaction. The measurements were conducted at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland) using the K130 cyclotron to produce a $^{3}$He beam at E($^{3}$He)=40 MeV. The 150 cm diameter Large Scattering Chamber was equipped with three ΔE-E detector telescopes, each containing two independent ΔE detectors and one common E detector. So...
The differential cross-sections of the elastic and inelastic d + $^{13}$C scattering were measured at E(d)=14.5 and 18 MeV on U150M cyclotron of Institute of Nuclear Physics (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
The first 3.09 MeV $(1/2^{+})$ excited state of $^{13}$C nucleus is of special interest because, it is a state with increased radius, where we can talk about a neutron halo-like...
One of the main few-body reactions, in which data on nn-interaction are obtained, is the nd-breakup reaction n + $^2$H → n + n + p. However, the data on main nn interaction parameter - nn scattering length, extracted from this reaction at different energies, have a large scatter of values that exceeds the experimental errors. In [1], it was assumed that this dispersion is...
Earlier in [1], it was suggested that the reason of discrepancies in experimental $a_{nn}$ values (from –16 to –22 fm) may be connected to a large effect of $3N$ forces. It can also be assumed that the values of the proton-proton scattering length $a_{pp}$ and the energy of the virtual $^{1}S_{0}$ state $E_{pp}$ extracted from the experiment with three particles in the final state will differ...
The results on the vector Ay and
tensor Ayy and Axx analyzing powers in deuteron-proton
elastic scattering at large transverse momenta are presented.
These data were obtained at internal target at JINR Nuclotron
in the energy range 400-1800 MeV using polarized deuteron beam
from new polarized ion source.
New data on the deuteron analyzing powers in
in the wide energy range ...
Nitin Sharma and Manoj K. Sharma
School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Patiala-147004, India
E-mail: msharma@thapar.edu
The study of heavy ion induced reactions provides an opportunity to extract the knowledge of nuclear dynamics and related structural effects of nuclear systems belonging to different regimes of isotopic chart. Significant...
In the analysis of heavy-ion fusion cross-sections, the relativistic effects are usually ignored [1]. However, it is known that the fastest nucleons in a nucleus have the velocity close to a quarter of the speed of light. The relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory accounting for the effects of high nucleons velocity was successfully applied to reproduce the binding energies and astrophysical...
It was proved [1] that P-even T-odd asymmetry in differential cross sections of nuclear ternary fission reactions by cold polarized neutrons with the flight of $\alpha$-particles can be represented in common case through the sum of triple ${{\sigma }{3}}\left( \Omega \right)={{A}{3}}\left( \theta \right)\left( {{\mathbf{\sigma }}{n}}\left[ {{\mathbf{p}}{LF}},{{\mathbf{p}}_{\alpha }}...
$\bf{A.T. D'yachenko^{1}, I.A.Mitropolsky^{2}}$
$^{1}$Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St.Petersburg, Russia;
$^{2}$NRC"Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
In the progress of the hydrodynamic approach with a non-equilibrium equation of state [1], collisions with a beryllium target of nuclei $^{12}$C at energies...
$\bf{A.T. D'yachenko^{1}, I.A. Mitropolsky^{2}}$
$^{1}$ Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St.Petersburg, Russia;
$^{2}$ NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
In progress of a hydrodynamic approach with a non-equilibrium state equation for describing heavy ion collisions [1], we consider the emission of pions both at...
In experimental papers [1, 2] the yields, angular and energy distributions of the pairs of light third and fourth particles formed with the highest probability, such as $\alpha$-particles pair $(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$, were obtained for the spontaneous quaternary fission of the nucleus $^{252}$Cf. Using the theoretical concepts [3-5] of ternary and quaternary fission as virtual processes [6], we...
The Strong nucleus-nucleus Potential (SnnP) is of principal importance for understanding nuclear molecules [1] and for the synthesis of the superheavy nuclei [2]. Nucleon density distributions are known to play a crucial role in finding the SnnP by means of the double folding model [2], [3]. The best way is to calculate the densities in a microscopic manner, i.g. by the Hartree-Fock approach...
During the past few years, we have measured the angular distributions of fragments in neutron-induced fission of a number of isotopes at energies of 1–200 MeV. The studies were performed at the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” – PNPI using a TOF neutron spectrometer GNEIS at the 1 GeV proton synchrocyclotron (see [1] and references therein). Now we are adding to previously studied nuclei 209Bi, Pb...
This research focused on photoneutron production determination using three different photoneutron converters BeO, LiCl, D2O. Experiment was carried out on a linear electron accelerator [1] in A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory in Yerevan, Armenia. A set of targets was irradiated by 70 MeV electron beam. Reaction rates were determined as a result of investigations. Besides experimental results,...
Asymmetric fission of mercury nuclei was initially observed in low energy region [1-3]. Sub-lead region is the region where it is noticed that the fission fragment shell property is over-ruled by the ridges and valleys present from saddle to scission point in the potential energy surface. These ridges and valleys are the result of shell correction, which vanishes with increase in excitation...
Mass distribution of the fission fragmnets of $^{234}$U fission by neutrons can be described using three fission modes: S1 (Standard 1), S2 (Standard 2) and SL (Super Long). Yields of these modes can be calculated using the form of the potential barriers along three different paths in the configuration space of nuclei deformation. Vibrational resonance at neutron energy about 0.7 MeV influence...
We have extended applications [1] of unitary clothing transformations (UCTs) [2,3] in quantum field theory. Such transformations connect the representation of “bare” particles (BPR) and the representation of “clothed” particles (CPR), i.e., the particles with physical properties. The Kharkov potential is a recent field theoretical model of nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction that has built up in...
Studies of production and properties of nuclei near the stability boundary with respect to neutron emission are an important part of modern nuclear spectroscopy (see, e.g., [1]). In fission of actinide nuclei, neutron-rich nuclei are produced (especially in short-lived light fragments formed in asymmetric fission at low energies of bombarding particles). In small part of beta-decays of these...
Hadron scattering on light nuclei at intermediate energies is a good test of investigation of both the structure of nuclei and the mechanisms of interaction. From the scattering of various hadrons, both experimentally and theoretically, proton scattering has been studied in more detail. At the same time, the study of the scattering of other particles, for example, mesons with the same...
Alpha cluster structure in 19F
Nauruzbayev D.K.1,3, Nurmukhanbetova A.K.1 , Goldberg V.Z. 2
1 Energetic Cosmos Laboratory,Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000,Kazakhstan,
2 Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
3 Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: anurmukhanbetova@nu.edu.kz
The nucleosynthesis of 19F was...
Using temperature dependent nuclear potential the temperature dependence of proton emitting decay half-lives were analyzed in framework of WKB method with inclusion of quantization conditions. The temperature dependent double-folding and proximity potentials were used in calculations. In temperature independent calculations, in contrary to Prox77, very good agreement between calculated...
Yields from the complete fusion reaction of 40Ar + 144Sm => 184-xnHg were measured by the catcher foil method [1] (on the U400M cyclotron at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions). Cross sections for neutron channels of complete fusion were calculated from measured yields. The catchers were made out of five aluminum foils (0,8 µm thick) stacked downstream from the...
The search for super-asymmetric fission, has been receiving increasing interest due to its possible interest in producing exotic neutron rich nucleus [1]. Among the four main fission modes prescribed by Brosa [2], the supershort mode manifests itself only when light and heavy fission fragments are close to the double magic tin with A~132 in their nucleon composition. Though the possibility of...
${E.Galkina^\textit{1}}$, ${E. M. Kozulin^\textit{1}}$,${G. N. Knyazheva^\textit{1}}$ , ${I. M. Itkis^\textit{1}}$, ${A. A. Bogachev^\textit{1}}$, ${I. N. Diatlov^\textit{1}}$, ${M. Cheralu^\textit{1}}$, ${D. Kumar^\textit{1}}$, ${N. I. Kozulina^\textit{1}}$,${ K. V. Novikov^\textit{1}}$, ${A. N. Pan^\textit{1,2}}$,${ I. V. Pchelintsev^\textit{1}}$, ${I. V. Vorobiev^\textit{1}}$,${ W. H....
This work devoted to the study the mass and energy distributions of fission fragments to investigate the role of closed proton and neutron shells in the fission of 248,250Cf, 254,256Fm, and 260No nuclei [1,2,3,4] at excitation energies of 40–55 MeV. Experiments are performed on the U-400 cyclotron at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (Dubna, Russia) using the CORSET double-arm...
Important information on the structure of Super Heavy Elements (SHE) can come from the study of lighter deformed transfermium (Z ~ 100–106) elements. The cross-section for the formation of these nuclei is many orders of magnitude higher than for Z ≥ 110 so that detailed spectroscopy becomes possible.
The opportunity to have high intensity (>1 pμA) accelerated beams with A ≤ 50 together with...
The consistent theoretical model for the calculations of the mass, charge and energy of fission fragment and the prompt fission neutron energy and multiplicity distributions [1, 2] is applied for the description of the spontaneous fission of the superheavy nuclei. The prompt fission neutron characteristics are formed during emission at descent from the fission barrier to the scission point...
Several experiments aimed to investigate properties of short-lived SF nobelium isotopes we carried out in FLNR. The neutron-deficient isotopes of nobelium were produced in fusion-evaporation reactions using 206,208Pb target and an intensive beam of 48Ca. Fusion-evaporation residues were separated by the SHELS separator and implanted into a large-area double-sided 48х48 strip silicon detector...
In this work the measurements of the differential cross sections (DCS) of the reaction 16O(10B,9Be)17F have been carried out at 10B ions beam of the C-200P cyclotron of the Heavy Ion Laboratory (University of Warsaw) with the energy E10B=41.3 MeV. The purpose of the experiment is to find out the suitability of this reaction near the Coulomb barrier to extract the ANC values to use in the...
In the present work the results of the experimental study of the photoexcitation of isomeric states ${}^{196m}$Au(J=12${}^{-}$) and ${}^{195m}$Au(J=11/2${}^{-}$) in reactions (,n), (,2n) and (n,2n) on the nucleus ${}^{197}$Au in the range 10-35 MeV are presented.
The isomeric yield ratios were measured by the induced radioactivity method. Samples of natural Au have been irradiated in the...
Asymmetric fission process observed in decay of neutron-deficient nuclei lying in sub-lead (Pb) region provoked intensive investigations of fission process of these nuclei [1, 2]. Mass-energy and angular distributions of fission fragments of neutron-deficient 180, 190Hg composite systems formed in the reactions 36Ar + 144, 154Sm, 68Zn + 112Sn were measured using two-arm time-of-flight...
Iron-based alloys are important construction materials which are widely used in science and industry. Information about cross-sections of different nuclear reactions on iron is needed to accurate modeling of different nuclear facilities, elemental analysis and other applications. From theoretical point of view, experimental cross-sections are needed to ajust optical potentials for incoming and...
The ranges in aluminum of radon and mercury isotopes, produced in xn-evaporation channels of the complete fusion reactions $^{40}$Ar+$^{144}$Sm, $^{36}$Ar+$^{148}$Sm, $^{40}$Ca+$^{144}$Nd, $^{48}$Ca+$^{142}$Nd and $^{40}$Ar+$^{166}$Er, have been measured in energy range of $0.12-0.25$ MeV/amu. The energies of the primary beams, delivered by the cyclotron U-400M, were measured by the...
The Molybdenum nucleus, (protons numbers Z=42 and mass A= 83-115) has 33 isotopes of which 7 are natural (A=92, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100) and four isomers. The first 6 natural isotopes are stable but the nucleus with A=100 is unstable with the time of life of 7.8 1018 y. The isotopes with A=100 is a fission product and it is used in medicine.
Nuclear reactions induced by fast neutrons are of...
A study of the cross-sections and level filling yields of high-spin isomeric states provides information about the structure of excited levels in the continuous and discrete regions of excitation, as well as about the mechanisms of nuclear reactions. Therefore, the aim of our work is to study the $^{178m}$Ta and $^{180m}$Hf yields in reactions with bremsstrahlung with energies ranged in the...
A research of the cross-sections and level filling yields of high-spin isomeric states in reactions with the emission of charged particles allows one to obtain diverse information both about the structure of excited levels in the continuous and discrete regions of excitation and about the mechanisms of nuclear reactions. Therefore, the aim of our work is to study the production yields of...
The last two decades have seen the considerable success of non-monotonic (NM) and modified single-folded (MSF) potentials in describing the alpha-induced elastic scattering and non-elastic processes which exhibit a distinctive feature of anomaly in large angle scattering (ALAS). The ALAS effect cannot be explained by the Woods-Saxon type of optical model (OM) potential in a consistent manner....
The experiment $^{9}$Be(d,d')$^{9}$Be at E(d) = 23 MeV was carried out at the HI-13 tandem accelerator, China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing. Two different method of detection were used: Q3D spectrometer at forward angles and strip detectors ($\Delta$E-E) at medium and large angles. Following excited states are seen in experimental spectra: g.s, 2.43, 2.78, 3.05, 3.82, 4.7, 5.59,...
The experiment was performed on a α-particle beam extracted from the isochronous cyclotron U-150M of the Institute of Nuclear Physics (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
The differential cross sections of tritons from the 11B (α, t) reaction with transitions to the ground (0+) and to excited states of the 12C nucleus at Ex = 4.44 MeV (2+), 7.65 MeV (0+), 9.64 MeV (3-) and 14.08 MeV (4+) MeV have been...
Currently, the most studied are (γ, $n$)- and (γ, γ')-reactions. Reactions with the release of charged particles, especially for light nuclei, are much less studied. The main reason for this is the lower cross-sections of these channels in comparison with the (γ, $n$)-reactions due to the Coulomb barrier. At the same time, the study of photonuclear reactions with the release of charged...
6Li(d,xt) reaction total cross sections were measured at electrostatic tandem accelerator EGP-10 (RFNC-VNIIEF) at 2.5-12 MeV deuteron energy (fig.1). Secondary activation method proposed by B.Ya. Guzhovskii was used. Cross section was determined by registration of 18F collected yield from 16O(t,n)18F reaction (β+, T1/2=109 min.) produced by 6Li(d,xt) tritons in three quartz tubes situated...
Performed an optical-model analysis (description) of proton elastic scattering at 50 keV to 200 MeV proton energy Ep on 6,7Li and 9Be nuclei. There was used an optical-model code OptModel (developed at RFNC-VNIIEF) where resonance part of elastic scattering was taken into account. Energy dependences of optical potential parameters from [2] with our modifications were used. All obtainable data...
The results of theoretical calculation of the neutron transfer and nuclear breakup for the $^{11}$Li+$^{28}$Si reaction at energy range 1–55 MeV/nucleon are presented. The total cross sections for the $^{11}$Li+$^{28}$Si reaction are calculated based on a numerical solving of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the external weakly bound neutrons of the projectile nucleus $^{11}$Li....
The direct ${}^3$He(α,γ)${}^7$Be radiative capture reaction is studied in the framework of two- and three-body potential cluster models [1,2]. E1 and E2 transitions are described at the long-wavelength approximation. The two-body model is based on a simple Gaussian form $α^{3}$He-potential of Dubovichenko $V_{D}^{a}$ from Ref.[1], with a modification in d waves. The new potential parameters...
The study of reaction T(${}^{1}$H, $\gamma$)${}^{4}$He is of interest both for nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics. In nuclear astrophysics, it is necessary to get more accurate data about the rates of primordial synthesis reactions, which cause the synthesis of ${}^{4}$He [1,2]. In nuclear physics, there are several theoretical predictions of this reaction cross-section and S-factor...
The $^{2}H(d,p)^{3}H$ and $^{2}H(d,n)^{3}He$ fusion reactions at low energies are relevant in pure and applied physics. These reactions took place in the first minutes during the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and occur in the early phases of stellar burning. Active discussion [1] is being made to encourage scientists in research in the field.
The low-energy regime (tens to hundreds of keV)...
Studying charge-exchange reactions allows one to study the structure of a nucleus and understand the mechanism of the ongoing reaction.
In the charge-exchange reactions (p, n) and (3He, t) at low energy of bombarding particles on nuclei with even mass, isobar-analog and other excited states have been observed and identified. The reaction (3He, t) has certain advantages over the (p, n)...
The study of the cluster structure of light nuclei is one of the fundamental problems of nuclear physics. The cluster structure of $^6\text{Li}$ nucleus was a subject of many experimental and theoretical studies, for example [1-3]. The cluster configurations of $^6\text{Li}$ excited states can be either two-cluster ($^4\text{He}+d$, $^5\text{He}+p$, $^5\text{Li}+n$, $^3\text{He}+t$), or...
An actual problem in studying the interaction of nuclei is the assumption of the non-spherical shape of a particle [1]. Of particular interest is the variation in the scattering cross section. As an example, we consider neutron scattering at U$^{238}$.
![Elastic scattering of neutron at uranium. The solid line represent scattering at spherical potential; the dashed line is result of...
Studies of nuclear systems close to and beyond the driplines is an important field of the modern radioactive ion beam studies. Because of paring and clusterization effects the lowest threshold in the dripline systems are often few-body thresholds (2p, 2n, 4p, 4n, etc.). This lead to emergence near such thresholds of states having expressed few-cluster structure or/and corresponding few-body...
For investigation of 14.1-MeV neutron-induced nuclear reactions, at Frank Laboratory of
Neutron Physics (FLNP) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), a project TANGRA
(Tagged Neutrons & Gamma Rays) was created [1].
In the framework of this project, we are investigating the energy and angular distributions of
the characteristic gamma-rays raising from the inelastic scattering...
The pre-compound (PCN) emission has been one of the important mechanisms both in light and heavy ion reactions at relatively high energies above 10 MeV/A. Recent observations of PCN emission even at low incident energies below 10 MeV/A, where evaporation process dominates, have renewed interest to carry out further research in the aforesaid reaction mechanism[1-2]. Plenty of experimental data...
The possibility of using the photonuclear multiparticle reaction 27Al(γ,2pn)24Na (Eth = 31.4 MeV) as a monitor of the flux of γ-quanta with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies Eγmax up to 140 MeV was studied. The aluminum targets were activated by the bremsstrahlung beam at Eγmax = 30-100 MeV using the LUE-40 RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. The γ-radiation spectra of the irradiated 27Al targets...
Joint report.
THE 12C(10B,9Be)13N REACTION STUDY FOR ANC 13N→12C+p EVALUATION
URL: https://indi.to/Dj3HM
TEST OF THE 16O(10B,9Be)17F REACTION FOR ANC 17F→16O+p OBTAINING
URL: https://indi.to/3JMVc
In this work the measurement of the differential cross sections (DCS) of the proton transfer reaction ${}^{12}$C(${}^{10}$B,${}^{9}$Be${}_{g.s.}$)${}^{13}$N${}_{g.s.}$. has been carried out (Fig. 1) for the ANC ${}^{13}$N${}_{g.s.}$→${}^{12}$C+p obtaining. The experiment was fulfilled at 10B ions beam of the C-200P cyclotron of the Heavy Ion Laboratory (University of Warsaw) at the energy...
