Triggering Discoveries in High Energy Physics

9 Sept 2013, 08:30 → 14 Sept 2013, 18:30 Asia/Kolkata

Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Jammu

Anju Bhasin (University of Jammu (IN)), Paul Richard Newman (University of Birmingham (GB))

The High Energy Physics Group of the Department of Physics  and Electronics at the University of Jammu is organizing an International Conference on "Triggering Discoveries in High Energy Physics”.  The purpose of this Conference is to present a more complete and coherent picture of our understanding of the structure and dynamics of the microcosm and its evolution. The Conference will officially start in the morning of Monday, 9th September 2013 and will end in the evening of Saturday, 14th September 2013. The Conference will be held at the General Zorawar Singh Auditorium at the University of Jammu. It will consist of 6 days of conference presentations, with plenary physics sessions, two poster sessions, trigger workshop and trigger school. The conference covers both theory and experiment/observations in most actual and critical points.  The conference will be partly funded by the UKEIRI project which is a joint UK-India project awarded to University of Jammu, Jammu and University of Birmingham, UK. An important part of the conference will be extensive discussion sessions.

 
 
Topics to discuss

•  Higgs Boson
•  Hot and Dense Nuclear Matter
•  Flavour Physics
•  What we have learned from LHC
•  Physics of Neutrino and Neutrino Oscillations
•  Physics beyond the Standard Model (colliders, rare processes, exotica)
•  Future Facilities and Instrumentation
 

notes FirstAnnouncement-ICTDHEP.pdf

Monday, 9 September

08:30 → 09:00 REGISTRATION

09:00 → 11:00 Session 1: INAGURAL SESSION

11:00 → 12:00 Inagural Tea

12:00 → 13:30 Session 2: HOT AND DENSE MATTER

Convener: Prof. Federico Antinori (Universita e INFN (IT))

12:00 The Mini Bang to the Big Bang” – from Collider to Cosmology

It is now conventional wisdom that collisions between two nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies precipitate to a new state of matter, usually referred to as Quark Gluon Plasma. What have we learned from experiments carried out at RHIC and LHC, for the thermometric signals in particular? What insight can we have for the very early universe, microsecond after the Big Bang, do we have any relics of that primordial epoch?

Speaker: Bikash Sinha (Department of Atomic Energy)

12:30 An Overview of Heavy-Ion Results from the LHC at CERN

At extreme energy densities, hadronic matter undergoes a phase transition into a deconfined system of quarks and gluons, known as a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Such a state of matter may be formed by colliding ultra-relativistic heavy-ions together, which reproduce the high temperatures and densities thought to have existed about ten microseconds after the Big Bang. Lead ions have been accelerated and collided in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in order to allow experiments to study of the properties of the QGP. Data from proton-proton and proton-lead collisions, where no QGP formation is expected, have also been collected and analysed as a comparison to the lead-lead data. A brief summary of the main results from lead-lead collisions, at the LHC, will be presented together with relevant results from proton-proton and proton-lead collisions

Speaker: David Evans (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides Evans_Jammu.pdf Evans_Jammu.ppt

13:00 The QCD Critical Point from Lattice Computations

The most recent results from lattice computations on the location of and phenomena at the QCD critical point are presented

Speaker: Sourendu Gupta (Tata Institue of Fundamental Research)

Slides sgupta.pdf

13:30 → 14:30 LUNCH

14:30 → 16:00 Session 3: Higgs and Energy Frontier Physicss

Convener: Dr Dinesh Srivastava (Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata)

14:30 Higgs Results from CMS

On July 4, 2012, the CMS experiment at the LHC, along with ATLAS, announced the observation of a new particle which is like the Higgs boson as predicted within the Standard Model of High Energy Physics. Since that time, more data have been accumulated and the signal is more firmly established. Some of the properties of production and decay of this new state have been studied. We plan to present the recentresult from the CMS experiment.

Speaker: Sunanda Banerjee (Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (IN))

Slides SunandaCMSHigggsJammu2013.pdf

15:00 Higgs Results from ATLAS

The talk will present an overview of results from the ATLAS collaboration on searches for the Higgs Boson. The focus will be on the latest status and results from ATLAS presented at the 2013 European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics, Stockholm, Sweden, July 2013.

Speaker: Paul Thompson (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides thompson_ATLASHSummary.pdf

15:30 The Implications of the Higgs discovery

The recent excitements in High energy physics is the discovery of Higgs like particle by CMS and ATLAS detectors at the LHC experiment. This discovery came almost 50 years later since it is proposed. Now the most urgent need is to establish that it is indeed the standard model Higgs by measuring its properties e.g couplings, spin etc. In addition, the discovery of this scalar particle also open up many new challenges in the context of existence of beyond standard model physics. In this talk, I shall try to discuss the various implications of Higgs discovery in the standard model and beyond standard model.

Speaker: Monoranjan Guchait (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR))

Slides Guchait_Jammu.pdf Guchait_Jammu.pptx

16:00 → 16:30 TEA/COFFEE

16:30 → 18:30 Session 4: FLAVOUR PHYSICS

Convener: Prof. Sibaji Raha (Bose Institute (IN))

16:30 LHCb Physics Overview

Owing to the large beauty production cross-section at the LHC and to the unique characteristics of the LHCb detector and trigger, unprecedented samples of beauty decays are becoming available. The angle γ of the CKM unitarity triangle remains the least precisely measured parameter of the CKM mixing matrix. The precision measurement of this parameter is one of the main goals of the LHCb experiment. The latest LHCb measurement of γ combining all the individual inputs will be presented. Rare b→sμ+μ– transitions that proceed via flavour changing neutral currents are suppressed in the SM and provide a sensitive probe of new physics contributions entering in competing diagrams. Particularly interesting are the angular and isospin asymmetries in the decay B→K(*)0μ+μ–, which are sensitive probes of new physics. Updated measurements of CP violation and rare decays of beauty mesons will be presented.

Speaker: Cristina Lazzeroni (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides CL_Jammu2013_postrehersal.pdf

17:00 Physics of B-Meson

CP violation phenomena in B-meson decays has been very well described in Standard Model Quark-W interaction. In late 1990's two B-factory experiments, Belle at KEK, Japan, and BABAR at SLAC, USA were built to look into the CP violation in B-mesons. Both the machines are electron and positron colliders running at Upsilon(4S) resonance. In this talk I will describe how CP violation fits into Standard Model. The different ways experimentalists at B-factory look into CP violation parameters, namely, measuring CKM angles alpha, beta and gamma. The current experimental status of these parameters.The role of B-factories to explore the new physics (physics beyond Standard Model) phenomena using few precision measurements.

Speaker: Sanjay Kumar Swain (NISER, Bhubhaneshwar)

Slides sanjay.pdf sanjay.pptx

17:30 Review of Kaon Experiments at CERN

A overview of the recent kaon experiments at CERN is presented. The status and the physics programme of the NA62 experiment starting in 2014 and aiming at measurements of the ultra-rare decays and searches for forbidden decays of the charged kaon are discussed.

Speaker: Evgueni Gudzovskiy (University of Birmingham)

Slides goudzovski_090913.pdf

18:00 Bottomonium production in pp, pPb, and PbPb collisions with CMS

The three Y states (1S, 2S, 3S) were measured separately using the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experimental apparatus via their dimuon decays in pp and pPb collisions, in the rapidity range |y|<1.9 in the centre-of-mass of the collision. The datasets used in the analysis correspond to recorded integrated luminosities of about 31/nb (pPb) and 5.1/pb (pp), collected in 2013 by the CMS experiment at the LHC, at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and 2.76 TeV respectively. Results of the production ratios of the excited states, Y(2S) and Y(3S), with respect to the ground state Y(1S) will be presented in the context of the PbPb results.

Speaker: Vineet Kumar (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (IN))

Slides VineetKumar_TDHEP.pdf.pdf

Tuesday, 10 September

09:30 → 11:00 Session 5: HEAVY ION

Convener: Prof. Bikash Sinha (Department of Atomic Energy(IN))

09:30 Probing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions Using Photons, Jets, and Charm

We discuss the continuing refinements in using using photons, jets, and heavy quarks as probes of relativistic heavy ion collisions and quark gluon plasma. We discuss a simple model which provides an quantitative explanation of jet quenching and helps us obtain the flavour dependence of energy loss of partons in quark gluon plasma.

Speaker: Dinesh Srivastava (Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata)

Slides dks_jammu_brief.pdf dks_jammu_brief.pptx

10:00 Viscous hydrodynamic model for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

Viscous hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions has been highly successful in explaining bulk of the experimental data in RHIC and LHC energy collisions. We briefly review viscous hydrodynamics modeling of high energy nuclear collisions. Basic ingredients of the modeling, the hydrodynamic equations, relaxation equations for dissipative forces initial conditions, freezes-out process etc. will be discussed. We will also show some representative simulation results in comparison with experimental data. Lastly, recent developments in event-by-event hydrodynamics will be discussed briefly.

Speaker: Asis Chaudhuri (Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre)

Slides Asis_Jammu.pdf Asis_Jammu.pptx

10:30 Review of Recent Heavy-Ion Results from RHIC

Relativistic heavy-ion collider (RHIC) is a dedicated facility to collide heavy-ions at relativistic speed. Within first few years of its running, RHIC discovered the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), a hot and dense matter. After confirming the existence of QGP, experiments at RHIC now concentrate on studying the properties of QGP and understanding the phase structure of QCD. In this talk, I review selected heavy-ion results obtained recently at RHIC for studying QGP properties and advances made for the understanding of QCD phase diagram.

Speaker: Lokesh Kumar (NISER, Bubhaneshwar)

Slides Lokesh_Jammu_Sep2013.pdf Lokesh_Jammu_Sep2013.ppt

11:00 → 11:30 TEA/COFFEE

11:30 → 13:30 Session 6: EXPERIMENT UPGRADES

Convener: Prof. David Evans (School of Physics and Astronomy-University of Birmingham)

11:30 Physics with the Upgraded ALICE Experiment

The recently accepted Letter of Intent for the upgrade of the ALICE experiment sets the stage for the physics program once the original goal of 1/nb of Pb-Pb of the currently approved program have been achieved. This talk will focus on some of the current highlights of elementary pp, pPb, and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC and demonstrate, how the upgrade will lead into a new era of precision measurements of the quark-gluon plasma. Following the upgrade of the major detectors, they will be able to cope with an interaction rate of 50 kHz in Pb-Pb collisions. With this set-up 10/nb shall be collected starting around 2019. With the anticipated increase in the inspection rate by an order of magnitude, the sensitivity of the experiment to rare probes will increase by two orders of magnitude.

Speaker: Michael Weber (University of Houston (US))

Slides Webber.pdf Webber.ppt

12:00 CMS Upgrades at LHC

Calorimetry, muon detection, vertexing, and tracking will play a central role in determining the physics reach for the High Luminosity (HL) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) era demanding unprecedented options and R&D efforts necessary to upgrade the current LHC detectors and enabling discoveries. Several detector upgrades are foreseen for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector currently operational at the LHC which is expected to have an ultimate luminosity of more than 1034cm−2s−1 at 14 TeV targeted during Phase 1 (the first 10 year period of the accelerator) operation. In this paper, upgrade plans for Tracking, Calorimetry and the Muon system will be discussed. The Pixel system will be upgraded during Phase 1while for Phase 2 upgrade, the entire Tracker will have to be replaced with a challenging requirement that it should contribute to the stringent first level trigger. Due to radiation damage to the active material of the Hadronic Endcap (HE) calorimeters, radiation hard quartz has been proposed. Photodiodes are being replaced by magnetic tolerant and with a better signal to noise ratio. For Electromagnetic Calorimetry (ECAL), the priority is to ensure stable and excellent performance throughout Phase 1 and to provide accurate predictions for performance in Phase 2 assuming no replacement of the ECAL. The muon Drift Tube (DT) system, performance, on the expectations of an adequate operation of the detector at higher luminosity, upgrades for Phase 1 are focused on improving the reliability of the system. The present Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) detector, which serves as a dedicated muon triggering system, will be augmented with a fourth layer in the endcap region, along with CSC chambers on either side of the CMS detector; the details on improvements will be discussed.

Speaker: Archana Sharma (CERN)

12:30 Upgrades of the ATLAS Detector

The LHC already operates at unprecedented energies and luminosities. The approved Run 2 (2015-2017, 10^34 cm-2s-1) and Run 3 (2019-2021, 2 x 10^34 cm-2s-1) phases, and the planned HL-LHC (2024-, up to 5 x 10^34 cm-2s-1) will bring unprecedented challenges for detector and trigger systems, which must be met is the physics goals of the programme are to be achieved. ATLAS has a programme of upgrades to trigger and data-acquisition, trackers, muon detectors, calorimeters and electronics, to take the experiment through to the collection of an ultimate data sample of 3 ab-1. In this presentation we will review some of the main physics goals of the upgrade and the solutions being developed by the different ATLAS subsystems.

Speaker: Alan Watson (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides Alan_Watson.pdf

13:00 Color Glass Condensate signatures at RHIC and LHC

Deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments at HERA demonstrated a rapid growth of gluon density inside a proton at small momentum fraction ( x). In the framework of parton model this growth is interpreted in terms of linear gluon bremsstrahlung and predicted to saturate due non-linear processes such as gluon recombination or screening. Due to these two competing processes hadron becomes maximally occupied with gluon modes of momentum scale called the saturation scale. For small enough x, this dynamically generated scale is so large that a weak coupling effective theory called the ``Color Glass condensate (CGC)" can be formulated assuming a classical description of the high occupancy states. The CGC description is universal to both hadrons and nuclei at high energies which corresponds to the small x limit (Regge-Gribov) of QCD. The framework of CGC provides an ab initio description of the multi-particle production in both DIS and hadronic/heavy ion collisions. Significant progress has been made in this framework to provide a state-of-the art modelling of the early dynamics of heavy ion collisions. In this talk a brief review of the framework will be followed by some recent phenomenological developments.

Speaker: Prithwish Tribedy (VECC, Koklkata)

Slides Trivedi_jammu.pdf

13:30 → 14:30 LUNCH

14:30 → 16:30 Session 7: FUTURE EXPERIMENTS & BEYOND STANDARD MODEL

Convener: Dr Subhasis Chattopadhyay (Department of Atomic Energy (IN))

14:30 Digging Deeper: 21st Century Deep Inelastic Scattering based on the LHC

A Deep Inelastic Scattering facility based on a new electron beam in collisions with protons and heavy ions from the Large Hadron collider could teach us much more about the structure of nuclear matter at the smallest resolvable scales, as well as adding to our understanding of the Higgs boson and the Quark Gluon Plasma and contributing to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. This talk will summarise the Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) project, which aims to realise this.

Speaker: Paul Newman (Birmingham University)

Slides Jammu-newman.pdf

15:00 Next Collider the ILC? The physics and the detectors

The idea of constructing the next e+e- collider has been under study for almost 2 decades. A world-wide R&D effort has led to the conclusion that physics interests would best be served by a 0.5 - 1 TeV machine accompanied by precision detectors. Dubbed the International Linear Collider (ILC) it would be a cryogenic machine, whose technology has now been established. Two detector concepts named ILD and SiD (ILC Large Detector and Silicon Detector) have also been developed. With the discovery of the higgs at LHC-CERN the case for an early construction of the ILC has been greatly strengthened. The nature of physics at the ILC and how the detectors will unravel it will be described."

Speaker: Atul Gurtu (King Abdulaziz University (SA))

Slides AG_Jammu_Sep_2013.pdf AG_Jammu_Sep_2013.ppt

15:30 Exploring dense QCD matter with the CBM experiment

The properties of strongly interacting matter at high net-baryon densities are a largely unknown territory, both theoretically and experimentally. The CBM experiment at the accelerator facility FAIR, presently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany, will explore this part of the QCD phase diagram with heavy-ion collisions from 2A to 45A GeV beam energy. Its focus is the characterization of the produced medium with extremely rare probes, not accessible by experiment up to now. This requires very high interaction rates and efficient online data reduction. We will discuss the physics prospects of the experiment and some of the technological challenges for both detectors and data processing.

Speaker: Volker Friese (GSI Darmstadt)

Slides ICTDHEP-Volker.pdf ICTDHEP-Volker.ppt

16:00 Status of Supersymmetry

We summarise the status of supersymmetric models in the light of results from LHC, especially the higgs mass and the direct limits. In addition we will discuss the constraints on various flavour decays which put severe constraints on Supersymmetric models. Finally we will comment on various supersymmetry breaking models and new models of supersymmetry breaking.

Speaker: Sudhir Vempati (Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore)

Slides Jammu-Sudhir-Vempati.pdf

16:30 → 17:00 TEA/COFFEE

17:00 → 18:30 Session 8: DARK MATTER & NEUTRINO PHYSICS

Convener: Prof. Raghava Varma (Indian Institute of Technology Bombay)

17:00 Implications of Recent Measurements in Neutrino Sector and Future Directions

The discovery of neutrino mixing and oscillations over the past decade provides firm evidence for new physics beyond the Standard Model, needed to explain non-zero neutrino masses and mixing in the leptonic sector. In this talk, first I will give a brief description of the recent measurements in neutrino sector with a special emphasis on the discovery of moderately large value of 1-3 mixing angle. Then I will discuss the possible implications of these new findings from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. Finally I will focus on the expected physics reach of current and future neutrino experiments in addressing several open issues in neutrino physics.

Speaker: Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla (Intitute Of Physics , Bhubhaneshwar)

Slides Sanjib-ICTDHEP.pdf

17:30 Status of Indian Based Neutrino Observatory

India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) project is one of the biggest basic science projects initiated by large number of collaborating groups within India and supported by the Government of India. The project aims to construct a cavern complex deep under the mountains with rock cover around 3500 Mwe, accessed by a 2 km long tunnel. The magnetized Iron Calorimeter , consisting of 50 kTons of steel plates embedded with 30000 Resistive Plate Chambers, will be used to study the properties of neutrinos. The cavern complex will house several other experiments like neutrino-less double decay and dark matter searches which require low background environment. The talk will summarize the latest status of the project in terms of various efforts being put by the collaborators in building the civil infrastructure, magnet, RPCs, electronics and data acquisition systems etc. In addition detector simulation studies will also be discussed in the light of expected physics observables.

Speaker: Yogendra Viyogi (Department of Atomic Energy (IN))

Slides Viyogi-at-ICTDHEP.pdf Viyogi-at-ICTDHEP.pptx

18:00 Gravitational Waves and Dark Matter

...

Speaker: Somak Raychoudhury (Presidency University, Kolkata)

18:30 → 19:00 POSTER

19:00 → 20:30 CULTRAL EVENING

Wednesday, 11 September

09:30 → 11:15 Session 9: OUTREACH SESSION

Convener: Prof. Atul Gurtu (King Abdulaziz University (SA))

09:30 Recreating the Big Bang with the World's Largest Machine - The LHC at CERN

The 27km Large Hadron Collider (LHC), situated 150 metres under the Swiss-French boarder at CERN near Geneva, is the World's most powerful particle accelerator. In March 2010, protons (hydrogen nuclei) were smashed together at 0.999999991 times the speed of light recreating, for a tiny instant, the violent particle collisions which would have existed less than a billionth of a second after the Big Bang. In November of the same year, lead nuclei were accelerated and collided in the LHC producing the highest temperatures and densities ever made in an experiment and recreating the exotic primordial soup which existed at the birth of our Universe. Professor David Evans, from the University of Birmingham, will explain the physics behind the LHC, what we expect to learn, and summarise the latest results.

Speaker: David Evans (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides evans.pdf evans.ppt

10:05 Engaging the Public in Science with Particle Detectors

Dr Cristina Lazzeroni will summarise the extensive public engagement programme done by the particle group at the University of Birmingham, focusing on how the usage of particle detectors can inspire the insterest of students and teachers to particle physics research

Speaker: Cristina Lazzeroni (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides CL_jammu_outreach.pdf

10:40 Dark Matter

,,

Speaker: Prof. Urjit Yajnik

Slides Yagnik_outreach.pdf

11:15 → 11:40 TEA/COFFEE

11:40 → 13:25 Session 10: TRIGGERING IN LARGE EXPERIMENT

Convener: Dr Yogendra Viyogi (Department of Atomic Energy (IN))

11:40 The ALICE Trigger Overview

The ALICE Central Trigger Processor (CTP) is designed to select events with different features at rates which can be scaled down to satisfy physics requirements and restrictions imposed by the bandwidth of Data Acquisition system. The challenge of the ALICE trigger is to make optimum use of the component detectors which are busy for widely different periods following the valid trigger, and to perform trigger selection for several different running modes: p-p, Pb-Pb and p-Pb with widely varying luminosities. In this presentation the CTP logic and design are summarized. The performance of ALICE trigger during the first years of LHC data taking is presented. The plans for trigger upgrades after current shutdown as well as after year 2017 are discussed.

Speaker: Roman Lietava (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides Roman.pdf Roman.pptx

12:15 Triggers at LHCb and Its Upgrades

The LHCb experiment is a spectrometer dedicated to the study of heavy flavor at the LHC. The rate of proton-proton collisions at the LHC is 15 MHz, of which only 5 kHz can be written to storage for offline analysis. For this reason the LHCb data acquisition system -- trigger -- plays a key role in selecting signal events and rejecting background. In contrast to previous experiments at hadron colliders, the bulk of the LHCb trigger is implemented in software and deployed on a farm of 20k parallel processing nodes. This system, called the High Level Trigger (HLT) is responsible for reducing the rate from the maximum at which the detector can be read out, 1.1 MHz, to the 5 kHz which can be processed offline. The inherent flexibility of this software trigger allowed LHCb to run at twice its design instantaneous luminosity in 2012. Simultaneously, the HLT performed far beyond the nominal design in terms of signal efficiencies, in particular for charm physics. It also showcased a number of pioneering concepts, for example: the deployment of an inclusive multivariate B-hadron tagger as the main physics trigger of the experiment, buffering of events to local disks, and simulation-free event-by-event trigger efficiency corrections. This talk will cover the design and performance of the LHCb trigger system, and discuss planned improvements beyond LS1 as well as plans for the LHCb upgrade trigger.

Speaker: Cristina Lazzeroni (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides CL_Jammu2013_postrehersal.pdf

12:50 ATLAS Trigger Overview

The ATLAS Experiment is a general purpose detector aimed at studying a wide range of processes and final states. To this end the ATLAS Detector and trigger must be able to detect and record a very large variety of objects and topologies. In particular events containing final state electrons, muons, photons and jets are used in analyses making precision Standard Model meausurements as well as searches for the Higgs Boson and extensions to the Standard Model. The ATLAS Detector, running at the LHC bunch crossing rate of 40MHz, produces a raw data rate of approximately 1 Petabyte per second. It is unfeasible to record all of this due to limitations in read-out technology, storage space and the CPU time required for full reconstruction. To overcome these difficuulties the recording rate must therefore be reduced to 200-400Hz, depending on beam conditions. To achieve this ATLAS employs a 3 level trigger, the first of which is built from fast electronics and the remaining two consist of high power computer farms. The design of the ATLAS Trigger, and in particular the Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger, is presented here.

Speaker: Benedict Allbrooke (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides Benedict.pdf

13:25 → 14:30 LUNCH

14:30 → 16:10 Session 11: EXPERIMENT OPERATION & OPTIMIZATION

Convener: Dr Jeffery Landgraf (Brookhaven National Laboratory(USA))

14:30 ATLAS Trigger operation and optimization

During the first running period of the LHC, the ATLAS trigger system has been used to select events from proton-proton collisions at centre of mass energies of up to 8 TeV and is designed to reduce the event rate from 40 MHz, the LHC design frequency, to around 400 Hz. The system employs a three-level configuration, where the first level is hardware-based and subsequent levels are software-based, to select events using specific object signatures and global event signatures. In this presentation, an overview of the operational aspects of the ATLAS trigger is given, including the design, strategy and evolution of the trigger menu and the monitoring infrastructure. Additionally, the performance and optimisation of the trigger is discussed, particularly in the context of increasing luminosity and pileup.

Speaker: Richard David Mudd (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides RichardMudd_ATLASTrigger_Jammu.pdf

15:10 Detector Control System for the ALICE Experiment at the CERN-LHC

The ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) experiment is designed for a dedicated study of heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, at energies up to 1150 TeV(2.75TeV/u). ALICE is composed of 18 detection systems based on different technologies including semiconductor, gas, scintillation, cherenkov detectors. To ensure a safe and correct operation and monitoring of the ALICE experiment, a sophisticated control system is used, called the Detector Control System (DCS). The main aim of the DCS is to provide safe and efficient operation of all the experimental equipments in such a way that the whole ALICE experiment can be operated remotely from one single workplace. The Control System has several subsystems. These subsystems have been implemented using a commercial SCADA system called PVSS and a toolkit developed at CERN called the JCOP framework. The State Manager Interface (SMI++) has been used to model the detector behaviour on Finite State Machines (FSM). The DCS has proved its robustness and efficiency during LHC operation in previous years. Detailed features of the ALICE DCS will be discussed.

Speaker: Anik Gupta (University of Jammu (IN))

Slides Anik.pdf Anik.pptx

15:40 Fabrication and Characterization of MicroTCA Electronic Components and Optical Splitters for CMS HCAL Electronics Upgrade.

The present CMS-HCAL (Hadron Calorimeter) will require an upgrade of the instrumentation electronics to meet the expected performance of high luminosity upgrade of the LHC. The ongoing research has established the μTCA (Micro Telecommunication and Computing Architecture) as a potential candidate to replace the existing VME for the backend electronics upgrade which will provide more accessible environment and high bandwidth for global DAQ in the CMS experiment. To support the efficient and phased installation of the upgrade, it is important to demonstrate the working with the existing data link. This is done by operating the upgrade electronics (µTCA) in parallel with the present electronics (VME), and achieved by splitting the incoming optical stream using passive optical splitters. A μTCA crate as well as a proto type optical splitter has been installed at the CMS experimental site (USC) in June-2012 and January-2013. We present the test results of µTCA electronic components and optical splitter performed in India as well as at CERN. Based on the tests performed, the validation of backend electronics (μTCA) is established

Speaker: Kavita Lalwani (University of Delhi)

Slides Kavita_talk_jammu.pdf Kavita_talk_jammu.ppt

16:10 → 16:40 TEA/COFFEE

16:40 → 18:40 Session 12: TRIGGER & DAQ

Convener: Prof. Paul Newman (Birmingham University)

16:40 Overview and Evolution of the DAQ and Trigger Systems for the STAR Experiment at RHIC

The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory has been in operation since the year 2000. The capabilities of the Trigger and DAQ systems have undergone constant upgrades to improve the performance, capabilities and stability during the 13 years since the beginning of operations. The performance has been increased by several orders of magnitude from design throughput of about 1 MB/sec at event rates of a few Hz, to current capabilities with sustained data throughput well over 1GB/sec and event rates in excess of 2kHz. Numerous features have been added to the system to provide an extremely flexible yet controlled general purpose multi-trigger capability. In addition extensive tools have been created to track and monitor the performance and reliability of the DAQ and Trigger systems. We will discuss the significant highlights from the development of the STAR DAQ and trigger systems.

Speaker: Dr Jeffery Landgraf (Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA)

Slides JeffLandgraf.pdf

17:20 Data Acquisiton and Trigger of the CBM experiment

The CBM experiment is being designed to measure heavy-ion collisions at very high interacton rates. The interesting signals are extremely rare and their signatures are complex. These conditions call for a novel DAQ and trigger concept which is not limited by latency but by throughput. In particular, there will be no hardware trigger; online data reduction will be performed in software on a dedicated computing farm, the First-Level Event Selector (FLES). Its challenge is to reduce the raw data volume by up to three order of magnitude to a recordable rate. In this presentation, we will discuss the DAQ and FLES concept as well as the software algorithms used for online data reconstruction and selection.

Speaker: Volker Friese (GSI Darmstadt)

Slides CBMTrigger-Volker.pdf CBMTrigger-Volker.ppt

19:30 → 22:30 Conference Banquet

Thursday, 12 September

09:30 → 11:00 Session 13: TRIGGER UPGRADES- I

Convener: Dr Orlando Villalobos Baillie (University of Birmingham (GB))

09:30 ALICE O2: The Upgrade of the ALICE Online and Offline Computing after 2018

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a heavy-ion detector studying the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at the CERN LHC (Large Hadron Collider). After the second long shutdown of the LHC, the ALICE apparatus will be upgraded in order to make high precision measurements of rare probes at low pT, which cannot be selected with a trigger, and therefore require a large sample of events recorded on tape. The online computing system will sample the full 50 kHz Pb-Pb interaction rate increasing by a factor 100 the present limit and read out the detector at 1 TB/s. This huge data volume will be reduced by an online reconstruction which will result in storing only the reconstruction results and discard the raw data. This system, demonstrated in production on the TPC data since 2011, and will have to be optimized for lossless compression and for the online usage of “offline” reconstruction algorithms. It implies a much tighter coupling between online and offline computing systems. We present in this contribution the R&D program put in place to address this huge challenge and the first results of this program.

Speaker: Thorsten Kollegger (Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Univ. (DE))

Slides 2013-09-11-ICTDHEP.pdf

10:15 ATLAS Triger Upgrades

After the successful operation of the ATLAS trigger and data-acquisition systems during Run 1 at the LHC, essential upgrades are required to prepare for future luminosity conditions, expected to exceed 2x10^34 cm^-2s^-1 by 2019. An important part of the programme is the upgrade of the Level-1 hardware-based trigger, which is a fixed latency pipelined system processing signals from the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters and muon systems. The challenge is to preserve the trigger performance for a wide range of physics processes, including measuring the properties of the newly discovered Higgs boson particle. This means maintaining low energy thresholds under higher pile-up conditions and within a maximum upgraded level-1 event rate of 100 kHz. In this presentation we will review the ATLAS trigger upgrade programme with particular empathises on the Run 2 (2015-2017) and Run 3 (2019-2021) preparations for the Level-1 trigger.

Speaker: Andrew Daniells (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides andrew.pdf

11:00 → 11:30 TEA/COFFEE

11:30 → 13:00 Session 14: TRIGGER UPGRADES-II

Convener: Dr Roman Lietava (University of Birmingham (GB))

11:30 The Alice CTP Upgrade

After three years of successful operation of Alice Central Trigger Processor (CTP) system for proton-proton, Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions, the Alice CTP is going to be upgraded with a new fist level trigger (L0) board in order to improve the performance of the Alice trigger system. The new first level trigger (L0) trigger board will include several new features: an additional trigger level "LM", which will precede the L0 trigger and will improve efficiency of data taking for the Transition Radiation Detector (TRD); a new 10G Ethernet link for CTP readout and control; an extension of the number of clusters and classes. In addition to these changes, which will come into effect in 2014 at the end of ìLong Shutdown 1î (LS1), the first ideas for a CTP upgrade after ìLong Shutdown 2î (LS2) in 2018 will also be presented.

Speaker: Marian Krivda (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides marian.pdf marian.pptx

12:15 The Trigger for the NA62 Experiment at CERN

The NA62 Experiment aims to measure the branching ratio of the ultra-rare kaon decay $K^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \nu \bar{\nu}$ with 10\% precision, collecting $\sim 100$ events in 2 years of data taking, starting in 2014. Assuming the value of the branching ratio as predicted by the SM ($BR(K^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \nu \bar{\nu}) = (8.5\pm 0.7) \times 10^{-11}$), to collect enough statistics a high-intensity kaon beam is needed. Besides the $K^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \nu \bar{\nu}$ decay, many other rare or forbidden kaon decays can be studied, given the required kaon flux ($\sim 10^{13}$). The highest intensity hadron beam available at CERN is a 800~MHz unseparated secondary beam, in which the kaon component is only the 6\% (50~MHz average). This results in a $\sim 10$~MHz rate in the sub-detectors after the 65~m long decay region. In principle, the most flexible and unbiased way to readout sub-detector data would be using a ``triggerless'' acquisition system, in which all the data are unconditionally transferred to PCs. However, the NA62 high rate and channel count ($\sim 100000$) make this choice infeasible. Therefore, a variety of hardware lowest-level (L0) triggers will be used to reduce the overall rate below $\sim 1$~MHz but preserving most of the decays of interest. Following a L0 trigger, most sub-detectors will transfer data to dedicated PCs, where two trigger levels (L1 and L2) will be applied via software, to reach a final rate of $\sim 10$~kHz. In this talk the NA62 triggers and the relative rare decays selection algorithms will be described

Speaker: Karim Massri (University of Birmingham (GB))

Slides karim.pdf

13:00 → 14:30 LUNCH

14:30 → 18:30 EXCURSION

Friday, 13 September

09:30 → 11:30 Session 15: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL-I

Convener: Dr Cristina Lazzeroni (University of Birmingham (GB))

09:30 Stuff: What is it? - Introduction to Particle Physics and Accelerators

Since the beginnings of civilisation, mankind has sought to decipher the basic building blocks of matter and the forces that bind them together. This lecture will explain how the modern view of elementary particle physics has been reached and how it is currently being revolutionised by the work going on at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

Speaker: Paul Newman (Birmingham University)

Slides Jammu-skool.pdf Jammu-skool.pptx

10:30 Principles of triggering

In this lecture reasons for having a trigger in a high-energy physics experimentwill be discussed . The idea of dead time is introduced and its effect explained. The importance of buffering in derandomizing events is explained. Simple examples from fixed target and collider experiments are given.

Speaker: Orlando Villalobos Baillie (University of Birmingham (GB))

11:30 → 12:00 TEA/COFFEE

12:00 → 13:00 Session 16: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL-II

Convener: Dr Volker Friese (GSI Darmstadt)

12:00 The Configuration of the STAR Trigger System

STAR is a 4π detector and it has numerous fast detectors able to measure particles traveling in nearly every direction each bunch crossing. The STAR trigger system has the ability to combine this information in a very flexible way to produce nearly any desired trigger. The STAR trigger also incorporates higher level triggers which have access to still more information about the events, including tracking data. Furthermore, the STAR system is capable of running multiple programs, simultaneously handling up to 64 different triggers. This talk will discuss the challenge of configuring the trigger and tracking the results in this complex environment.

Speaker: Dr Jeffery Landgraf (Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA)

13:00 → 14:00 LUNCH

14:00 → 15:30 Session 17: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL-III

Convener: Dr Alan Watson (University of Birmingham (GB))

14:00 Trigger for Kaon rare decays at the NA62 experiment at CERN SPS

Decisive tests of SM predictions or indirect evidence of new physics can be achieved with the study of rare kaon decays. The main goal of the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is to measure the branching ratio of the ultra-rare K+ → π+νν decay with a 10% accuracy. The NA62 strategy foresees the collection of about 100 events of the K+ → π+νν decay, with a signal to background ratio of 10:1, in two years of data taking starting at the end of 2014. The intense flux needed in rare decay experiments implies the design of high-performance triggering and data acquisition systems, which minimise the dead time while maximising data collection reliability. The efficiency of the online selection of K+ → π+νν events and the lossless readout at high rate represent the key issues in the NA62 trigger architecture design. The main features of the online and readout systems will be presented.

Speaker: Angela Romano (University of Birmingham (GB))

14:45 Trigger of ATLAS experimet at LHC I

ATLAS is one of two general-purpose, high Pt experiments at the LHC collider at CERN. In these lectures, ATLAS trigger will be described. In the first lecture, general trigger strategy and trigger design will be discussed. In second lecture I will concentrate on one particular trigger subsystem (Level 1 calorimeter trigger) and describe it in more detail.

Speaker: Juraj Bracinik (University of Birmingham (GB))

15:30 → 16:00 TEA/COFFEE

16:00 → 17:30 Session 18: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL- IV

Convener: Juraj Bracinik (University of Birmingham (GB))

16:00 Event Reconstruction Algorithms for modern HEP Experiments

Development of fast and efficient event reconstruction algorithms is an important and challenging task for modern high energy physics experiments. The event reconstruction algorithms have to process terabytes of input data produced in particle collisions. In this lecture an overview of selected event reconstuction algorithms will be given on the example of the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future FAIR facility. Event reconstruction containes different steps including track and ring finding and fitting, particle identification, particle finding etc. Developed track reconstruction algorithms are based on Kalman Filter, Cellular Automaton and Track Following methods. In RICH ring finding is based on Hough Transform method, fitting is based on circle or ellipse fit methods. Optimization and parallelization of the algorithms will be discussed.

Speaker: Andrey Lebedev (IKF Frankfurt University / LIT JINR)

17:00 tutorials/discussions

Saturday, 14 September

09:30 → 11:30 Session 19: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL-V

Convener: Dr Paul Thompson (University of Birmingham (GB))

09:30 The Design and Implementation of the STAR DAQ system

The STAR Detector has evolved significantly during the 13 years of STAR operations. The DAQ system has had to support many different detectors in every phase of operation as they are added, debugged, run in production, and removed from the system. These changes to the STAR Detector are also reflected in the interface to the offline analysis group as impacted by the configuration databases as well as through the interface to access data. We will present an overview of the design and implementation of the DAQ system and how this design provides the flexibility required to meet the changing needs of the STAR collaboration.

Speaker: Jeffery Landgraf (Brookhaven National Laboratory(USA))

10:30 Practical examples from modern experiments.

In this lecture I discuss the implementation of the principles discussed in Lecture 1 in modern experiments, at the LHC and elsewhere. It will include examples from the ALICE and ATLAS experiments. Acouple of details from really different experiments, such as CBM and Auger

Speaker: Orlando Villalobos Baillie (University of Birmingham (GB))

11:30 → 12:00 TEA/COFFEE

12:00 → 14:00 Session 20: TRIGGER GRADUATE SCHOOL-VI

Convener: Dr Michael Weber (University of Houston (US))

12:00 Trrigering Principles _II

Speaker: Orlando Villalobos Baillie (University of Birmingham)

13:00 Trigger of ATLAS experimet at LHC II

ATLAS is one of two general-purpose, high Pt experiments at the LHC collider at CERN. In these lectures, ATLAS trigger will be described. In the first lecture, general trigger strategy and trigger design will be discussed. In second lecture I will concentrate on one particular trigger subsystem (Level 1 calorimeter trigger) and describe it in more detail.

Speaker: Juraj Bracinik (University of Birmingham (GB))

14:00 → 15:00 LUNCH