The results of new comprehensive data analyses of geoneutrino measurements in Borexino experiment at underground Gran Sasso national laboratory (LNGS) are presented. The analysis is the result of 3262.74 days of data between December 2007 and April 2019 with improved analysis techniques and optimized data selection, which includes enlarged fiducial volume and sophisticated cosmogenic veto....
The theoretical description of nuclear magnetic excitations within self-consistent models is hampered by the fact that the parameters of the underlying energy-density functionals (EDF) are determined without accounting for magnetic properties which leaves the EDF’s spin parameters uncertain. In a recent paper [1] we have explored low-lying M1 excitations in $^{208}$Pb within a self-consistent...
In nuclear reactions induced by low-energy charged particles, atomic electrons can participate in the process by screening the nuclear charge and so, effectively reduce the repulsive Coulomb barrier. Consequently, the measured cross section is enhanced by an effect called electron screening. In numerous experiments, different research groups [1-4] obtained extremely high values of electron...
Scanning electron microscopy has been extensively used for the material characterization of objects of artistic and archaeological importance, especially in combination with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX) [1, 2], and become an indispensable tool in delineating the degradation processes of ancient as well as modern materials in art and archaeology [1].
Rock art is found on...
The properties of an extreme state of nuclear matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), are studied in experiments at RHIC and LHC with heavy-ion datasets collected at ultrarelativistic energies. The QGP consists of asymptotically free quarks and gluons which move freely over distances large in comparison to the typical size of a hadron. If the nuclear matter produced in heavy-ion collisions...
Solar neutrino spectrum measurement plays a crucial role for solar metallicity determination. 127I(nu,e)127Xe reaction is sensitive to CNO and boron components of the solar neutrino spectrum due to the relatively high threshold (662 KeV).
For neutrinos with energies upper S_n = 7.246 MeV 127I(nu,e) capture produces 126Xe + n. The concentration ratio of 127Xe and 126Xe could clarify parameters...
The collective expansion of the color-deconfined fireball created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions maps the initial state of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to the final-state particle spectrum.
The LHC experiments are completing the flow harmonic measurements at the highest energies to date as well as improving flow harmonic correlation techniques to understand the properties of the QGP and...
The study of nuclear giant resonances has long been a subject of extensive theoretical and experimental research. The multipole response of nuclei far from the $\beta$-stability line and the possible occurrence of exotic modes of excitation present a growing field of research. In particular, the study of the isoscalar giant monopole resonances (ISGMR) in neutron-rich nuclei is presently an...
Synchrotron and neutron imaging are the unique tools that allow non-destructive studies of the internal structure of bulk metal objects. It's very significant for the assessing artifacts preservation, clarifying the manufacturing technology and localization of possible decorative ornaments.
A complex of imaging techniques including X-ray computed tomography, synchrotron radiography and...
Measuring the natural abundance of isotopes and the variations in their ratios in the archaeological hard tissues (such as bones and teeth) can provide important information about the evolution and migration of humans and animals and their origin. Strontium isotopes are among the most effective for characterizing the prehistoric mobility of humans and animals [1]. $^{87}$Sr/$^{86}$Sr isotope...
The fast proton induced p – processes reactions play a key role in the astrochemical elements yields of the big bang nucleosynthesis for standard cosmology. Astrophysical concurrence of several p - process mechanisms in the production of p – nuclei was analyzed for proton energy up to 25 MeV.
Cross sections of proton induced reactions and contribution of each nuclear reaction mechanism for...
Intensive experimental searches for axions and axion-like particles are currently supported by two main reasons: firstly, axions solve the CP problem of strong interactions and, secondly, axions are well-motivated candidates for the role of dark matter particles. If axions exist, the Sun should be a powerful source of such particles. The expected energy spectrum of solar axions, like the...
The ALICE experiment is designed to study the hot and dense medium, the quark-gluon plasma, produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the LHC. Measuring the
production of hadrons with large Q2 transfer in these collisions provides the possibility to explore one of the most spectacular effects -- parton energy loss in hot QCD matter. By varying the observables among light- and...
The $\beta$-decay properties are very important for understanding the nuclear structure evolution at extreme N/Z ratios, for analysis of radioactive ion-beam experiments, and modeling of the astrophysical r-process. For this reason, the $\beta$-decay properties of r-process “waiting-point nuclei” $^{129}$Ag, $^{130}$Cd, and $^{131}$In provides valuable information, with important tests of...
The phenomenon of dissociation of relativistic nuclei observed with a unique completeness in the nuclear track emulsion (NTE) makes it possible to study ensembles of nucleons and lightest nuclei of interest to nuclear cluster physics and astrophysics [1]. The advantages of the NTE technique include a record space resolution in determining emission angles for recognition relativistic ${}^{8}$Be...
Recent achievements in experimental neutrino physics allow studying the Sun's deep interior through the high precision spectroscopic measurements of the solar neutrinos. Currently the most sensitive solar neutrino detector Borexino, which takes data in Gran Sasso national laboratories in Italy, is able to separately measure neutrinos produced in various nuclear reactions of the solar...
Femtoscopy is an important tool to measure spatial and temporal characteristics of the collision system. In this talk, the results of one-dimensional pion femtscopic analysis performed for d+Au collisions at $\sqrt s_{NN}$ =200 GeV will be shown. We will present various dependences of the invariant radii on pair transverse momentum and particle multiplicity per event. The physics implications...
Lead isotope analysis (LIA) has been rapidly approved by archaeologists as a method for provenance studies of metal artefacts as well as glass, pottery, pigments, etc. [1, 2]. The major advantage of LIA application for provenance studies is that lead isotope ratios do not change during metallurgical processes, which means that the isotope pattern remains constant independent on the temperature...
The semi-microscopic particle-hole dispersive optical model (PHDOM), in which main relaxation modes of high-energy particle-hole-type nuclear excitations are together taken into account [1], has been implemented for describing various giant resonances in medium-heavy closed-shell nuclei (see, e.g., Refs. [2,3]).
A lot of experimental data concerned with giant resonances in medium-heavy...
The particle-hole (p-h) dispersive optical model (PHDOM) developed recently [1] is adopted and implemented for describing main properties of Isoscalar Giant Multipole Resonances (ISGMPR) up to L=3 in medium-heavy closed-shell nuclei. The overtones of monopole and quadrupole isoscalar giant multipole resonances are also studied. Being considered in a large excitation-energy interval, the main...
Lead isotope analysis (LIA) is widely applied by archaeologists as a method for provenance studies of metal artifacts [1, 2]. Nevertheless, there are several issues complicating LIA interpretation of archaeological artefacts, including following [2]: 1) ore deposits can have identical or overlapping isotope compositions, even when they are geographically far apart; 2) the recycling of scrap...
The results of a low-energy neutrino search with the Borexino detector in coincidence with gamma-ray bursts (GRB), solar flares (SF) and gravitational wave (GW) events are presented. The correlated events with energies greater than 0.25 (1.0) MeV, positioned inside the detector fiducial volume and not identified as alpha-particles or fast cosmogenic decays (neutrino-like events) were searched...
The $φ$ meson has a small inelastic cross section for interaction with nonstrange hadrons, therefore it is less affected by late hadronic rescattering and better reflects the initial evolution of heavy ion collisions. Small systems, such as $p$+Al, $p$+Au, and $^3$He+Au, can help us understand whether the suppression of hadron yields in the region of intermediate to large transverse momenta is...
The evolution of single-particle energies $\it E_{nlj}$ of near to spherical medium and medium- heavy nuclei as they approached neutron drip line was studied within the dispersive optical model (DOM) [1]. The main attention was paid on the dependence of the diffuseness parameter $\it a_{HF}$ of the Hartree-Fock component of the potential on neutron-proton asymmetry and its influence on the...
The primary goal of the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision program at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is to study the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), a novel state of strongly interacting matter which exists in the early universe. Anisotropic flow, which quantifies the anisotropy of the momentum distribution of final state particles, is sensitive to the fluctuating initial...
The DANSS detector is a movable neutrino spectrometer currently operating under one of industrial reactors of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant. Its plastic scintillator composition with no flammable or otherwise dangerous materials allows placing it close to the reactor core thus benefiting from ample antineutrino flux. Complex multilayers of the active and passive shielding and high...
The neutrino scattering on nuclei in hot and dense matter relevant for core collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and proto-neutron stars is considered accounting for magnetization. At finite temperature neutrinos undergo exo- and endo-energetic scattering [1] on nuclei due to the neutral current Gamow-Teller component. The energy transfer cross section in neutrino-nuclon scattering is...
Using the Gribov–Glauber model for photon–nucleus scattering and a generalization of the vector meson dominance (VMD) model for the hadronic structure of the photon, we make predictions for the cross sections of coherent and incoherent photoproduction of rho-mesons in Pb-Pb ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at the LHC. We find that the effect of inelastic nuclear shadowing is significant and...
The Impurity Components in the 7Be Solar
Neutrino Flux
Romanov Yu.I.
Kosygin Russian State University, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: romanov.yu.i@mail.ru
In the present work, a development [1], the flavor structure of the 7Be
solar neutrino (SN) flux is investigated.
The electron spectrum of the (v_e ) ̅e-scattering differs from the fairly flat
spectra of all neutrinos. Such difference will...
We argue that $p_T$ distribution data from the LHC on the invariant differential yield of the charged primary particles in Pb–Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV with six centrality bins contains several $p_T$ regions with special properties. These distributions were analyzed by fitting the data with exponential functions. We conclude that the regions reflect features of fragmentation and...
DEAP-3600 is a low-background liquid argon detector for a direct WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) dark matter search. The detector consists of 3279 kg of LAr contained in a spherical acrylic vessel. Liquid argon is an excellent scintillator, transparent to its own scintillation light. Scintillation is detected by photomultiplier tubes, and pulse shape discrimination is used to...
The BESIII experiment, installed at the BEPCII electron positron collider in Beijing, has acquired large data sets at center-of mass energies between 2.0 GeV and 4.6 GeV. One of the main aspects of the BESIII physics program is to test the understanding of QCD at intermediate energies. Applying different experimental techniques, form factors of hadrons are measured. An overview of the recent...
In 2020, we celebrate 80 years since the discovery of the fundamental phenomenon - spontaneous fission of uranium - a type of radioactive decay that defines the boundaries of the Periodic system of elements. The paper with the results of research carried out by K. Petrzhak (Radium Institute) and G. Flerov (Leningrad Institute for Physics and Technology) was sent to Physical Review on June 14,...
The global beta-decay calculations are presented which are based on the Density Functional developed by Fayans et.al. [1] and Continuum Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation. The DF3+CQRPA model [2] describes the data on the half-lives and probabilities of delayed neutron emission for more than 200 (quasi) spherical nuclei with Z = 18 - 52 and T1/2 < 5c within the factor of 2 and 3...
Development of radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities is the highway of the low-energy nuclear physics development in the world the last 3 decades. RIB studies in Russian Federation at the moment are conducted only in one place – ACCULINNA/ACCULINNA-2 facility at Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. However, scientific opportunities of these...
The artificial r-(rapid)-process of nucleosynthesis goes under high neutron flux densities: the obtained neutron fluencies in the irradiated volume of thermo-nuclear devices reach ~1025 neutrons/cm2 during the time interval ~10-6 s. Under (thermo) nuclear explosions the obtained conditions in neutron flux and temperature (~ 108 °K) reach extreme values. The creation of transuranium nuclides...
On behalf of the JUNO collaboration
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a next generation multi-purpose liquid-scintillator neutrino experiment under construction in South China. Exploitingthe anti-neutrinos produced by the nearby nuclear power plants, JUNO will be able to study the neutrino mass hierarchy, one of the open key questions in neutrino physics. The ...
For the KATRIN collaboration
The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment (KATRIN) is designed to improve the existed direct limit on the effective electron antineutrino mass by an order of magnitude, with a projected sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c2 at the 90% confidence level. To achieve this KATRIN is using a windowless gaseous tritium source containing up to 100 GBq activity and electrostatic...
The GERDA (GERmanium Detector Array) experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy, searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{76}$Ge. During Phase II, 35.6 kg of bare high purity germanium diodes enriched in $^{76}$Ge have been deployed in liquid argon; they serve both as source...
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the highest energy messengers in the universe, with energies up to $10^{20}$ eV. Studies of astrophysical particles (nuclei, electrons, neutrinos and photons) at their highest observed energies have implications for fundamental physics as well as astrophysics. The primary particles interact in the atmosphere (or in the Earth) and generate extensive...
The modern medical method of nuclear visualization based on monoclonal antibodies, the new carriers of the radioactive label, is Immuno-PET. For its realization, it is necessary that the biological half-life of the molecule, the label carrier, coincides with the half-life of the radioactive isotope. The $^{89}$Zr isotope has optimal physical characteristics for Immuno-PET: it decays with a...
Experiment was done by our group on $^{12}$C($^{3}$He,t)$^{12}$N reaction. The measurements were conducted at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland) using the K130 cyclotron to produce a $^{3}$He beam at E($^{3}$He)=40 MeV. The 150 cm diameter Large Scattering Chamber was equipped with three ΔE-E detector telescopes, each containing two independent ΔE detectors and one common E detector. So...
Fully self-consistent calculation of the Odd-Even Staggering (OES) of the charge radii in the long isotopic chains is presented. The nuclei around the neutron shells at N=20, 28, 50 including non-magic ones with pairing in both neutron and proton sectors are treated in the Density Functional Theory. Well-established Fayans functional DF3-a developed in [1] is used. A comparison with its new...
Today the studies of the hadron yields containing heavy quarks are of particular interest for high-energy physics. These yields are characterized by small cross-sections for interaction with the nuclear medium. As a result, for the processes of relativistic nuclear collisions the information about the states of nuclear matter (arising in such processes) could be obtained. In this case, the...
A method is proposed [1] for constructing a model for the interaction of fields of quantum electrodynamics (QED) with two-dimensional materials in the framework of the Symanzik approach [2]. It is based on the modification of the QED Lagrangian by adding to it an additional contribution (the Lagrangian of the defect) concentrated in a two-dimensional region of space. The requirement to comply...
After BM@N technical run in spring 2018, the first physical stage of the experiment will begin in 2021. For stop time Silicon tracking modules of BM@N Forward Silicon Detector are applied at muon stand to test and measure R-t characteristics of straw detectors (6 mm diameter, produced by JINR, Dubna) by reconstructing cosmic rays tracks (based on bmnroot software). Muon stand consists of...
The description of relativistic nuclear interactions in the four velocity space allows to enter the self-similarity parameter. This parameter allows us to describe rather well the ratio of the proton to anti-proton yields in A-A collisions as a function of the energy in a wide range from 10-20 GeV to a few TeV. It is shown that the inclusive spectra of the produced hadrons in hadron-hadron...
The differential cross-sections of the elastic and inelastic d + $^{13}$C scattering were measured at E(d)=14.5 and 18 MeV on U150M cyclotron of Institute of Nuclear Physics (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
The first 3.09 MeV $(1/2^{+})$ excited state of $^{13}$C nucleus is of special interest because, it is a state with increased radius, where we can talk about a neutron halo-like...
The beam hardening effect can induce strong artifacts in CT images, which leads to severe deterioration in image quality. This work develops an effective beam hardening correction algorithm using filtered back-projection based maximum a posteriori.
An x-ray tube emits a continuous spectrum, which gives rise to energy-dependent attenuation of different tissues. The spectrum is not known...
The report considers the structure of high-spin (9+) isomers and the nature of rotational bands in Ho and Dy nuclei with A= 156, 158, 160.
A detailed comparative analysis of the decay of holmium isomers into dysprosium levels (Ho → Dy) for A= 156, 158, 160 (see Fig. 1.).
Fig. 1. Decay of isomer 9+ in ${}^{156}$Ho nucleus.
1. V.G.Kalinnikov et al. // Int. conference on nuclear physics...
Currently, photon beams obtained from linear electron accelerators are used for radiation therapy. The most widely used bremsstrahlung is ones with a maximum energy of 6, 10, 15, 18, and 20 MeV. The main advantages of radiation therapy with high-energy photons (15, 18 and 20 MeV) are high penetrating ability, the ability to create a maximum dose at almost any depth of the tumor in the...
The study of continuous (Lorentz transformations) and discrete symmetries of P, T, C, CP, and CPT and their disturbances is one of the important directions in modern quantum field physics. However, the derivation of formulas defining these transformations for spinors still relies heavily on physical considerations, rather than on the algebraic properties of spinors. Initially, in quantum field...
One of the main few-body reactions, in which data on nn-interaction are obtained, is the nd-breakup reaction n + $^2$H → n + n + p. However, the data on main nn interaction parameter - nn scattering length, extracted from this reaction at different energies, have a large scatter of values that exceeds the experimental errors. In [1], it was assumed that this dispersion is...
The BM@N is a fixed target experiment for studies of baryonic matter at the Nuclotron (JINR, Dubna). According to upgrade plans for BM@N, vacuum beam pipe will be added into experimental setup. To determine the coordinates of incident “trigger ion” and to tune the beam, it is necessary to develop three coordinate stations of beam tracker and two coordinate stations of beam profilometer...
The real observed excitation spectrum of deformed nuclei is complex and contains levels having both a rotational nature and levels arising from collective vibrations. The collective spectra of atomic nuclei with axial-symmetry quadrupole and octupole deformations are characterized by rotational bands with alternating parity.
Earlier energy sequences with alternating parity of deformed...
Earlier in [1], it was suggested that the reason of discrepancies in experimental $a_{nn}$ values (from –16 to –22 fm) may be connected to a large effect of $3N$ forces. It can also be assumed that the values of the proton-proton scattering length $a_{pp}$ and the energy of the virtual $^{1}S_{0}$ state $E_{pp}$ extracted from the experiment with three particles in the final state will differ...
BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) is the first experiment to be realized at the accelerator complex of NICA-Nuclotron at JINR (Dubna). The aim of the experiment is to study interactions of relativistic heavy ion beams with a kinetic energy from 1 to 4.5 AGeV with fixed targets.
In the report an algorithm for global tracks reconstruction in the BM@N experiment are described. The core of the...
$\bf{A.T. D’yachenko^{1,2}}$
$^{1}$Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St.Petersburg, Russia;
$^{2}$NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
The transverse momentum distributions for lambda-hyperons are found in the thermodynamic model, which are in agreement with experimental data for proton-proton collisions with energies...
The self-consistent calculations with the use of functionals of both Skyrme and Fayans have been performed for the probability of E1-transitions between the first one-phonon $2^+$ and $3^-$states in Sn isotopes. Good agreement with the available experimental data has been obtained. As in our previous calculations for the quadrupole moments of the first $2^+$ [1], and $3^-$ states [2], and for...
The main goal of the FOOT experiment is to provide nuclear cross section measurements necessary in two different fields: hadrontherapy and radioprotection in space.
In the last decade, a continuous increase in the number of cancer patients treated with Particle Therapy (PT) has been registered, due to its effectiveness in the treatment of deep-seated solid tumors [1]. When the charged...
The results on the vector Ay and
tensor Ayy and Axx analyzing powers in deuteron-proton
elastic scattering at large transverse momenta are presented.
These data were obtained at internal target at JINR Nuclotron
in the energy range 400-1800 MeV using polarized deuteron beam
from new polarized ion source.
New data on the deuteron analyzing powers in
in the wide energy range ...
The holographic methods inspired by the gauge/gravity correspondence
from string theory have been actively applied to the hadron spectroscopy in
the last fifteen years. Within the phenomenological bottom–up approach,
the linear Regge-like trajectories for light mesons are naturally reproduced
in the so-called “soft-wall” holographic models. I will give a very short
review of the...
BM@N experiment of the NICA accelerator complex at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna is aimed at studying heavy ion collisions with fixed targets. The BmnRoot software package [1, 2] is used in the BM@N experiment and it plays a crucial role both in event simulations and in track and event reconstruction [3]. Event reconstruction may take significant time per event. Time of...
As it has been demonstrated by the conducted experiments, the production of targeted radioactive pharmaceutical preparations (RPHs) that are based on alpha-emitters using the traditional approach (biologically active molecular constructs with a chelate, DOTA, that carries a radioactive tracer) is just a sort of scientific mystification: the recoil nuclei formed after such decay will destroy...
${}^{156}$Gd-одно из изученных ядер. Причиной этого является то, что величина сечения $(n,\gamma)$ - реакции дает богатые возможности для изучения спектра излучения. Наиболее полные результаты по этому ядру представлены в работах [1,2]. В реакции $(n,\gamma)$ получены данные об уровнях ротационных полос с $K=0_{1}^{+}$ - до ${26}^{+}$, $0_{2}^{+}$ до ${14}^{+}$, $2_{1}^{+}$ до ${14}^{+}$,...
On the base of microscopic version of the IBM1 plus other bosons
of positive parity with spins from $0^+$ to $10^+$ properties of
yrast-band states in even Ce isotopes are studied. Parameters of
the boson Hamiltonian and interactions of the collective
quadrupole bosons with other bosons are calculated
microscopically. This study is a continuation of similar works on
the isotopes Xe and...
Nitin Sharma and Manoj K. Sharma
School of Physics and Materials Science, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Patiala-147004, India
E-mail: msharma@thapar.edu
The study of heavy ion induced reactions provides an opportunity to extract the knowledge of nuclear dynamics and related structural effects of nuclear systems belonging to different regimes of isotopic chart. Significant...
The AdS/QCD models are believed to interpolate between low and high energy sectors of QCD. This claim is usually based on observations that many phenomenologically reasonable predictions follow from bounds imposed at high energies although the hypothetical range of applicability of semiclassical bottom-up holographic models is restricted by the gauge/gravity duality to low energies where QCD...
Radioisotopes of 227Ac and 227,228,229Th are basis of the radiochemical generators for production of alpha-emitters radium-223, radium-224, actinium-225 and bismuth-213. These generator radionuclides are used to produce radiopharmaceuticals and therefore their radiochemical purity has to be maintained high demands. For example, actinium-225 generator has to contain less than 1·10-3 % of each...
BM@N experiment at Nuсlotron in Dubna is currently being upgraded for the study of dense nuclear matter in heavy-ion collisions. One of the major upgrades is a new hybrid tracking system consisting of large-area Silicon Tracking System (STS) with fast data-driven readout to be installed in-front of seven GEM planes currently partially installed. The STS contains of four position-sensitive ...
A non-adiabatic collective model that takes into account the relationship of rotational motion with longitudinal and transverse vibrations of the quadrupole type of the surface of the nucleus allows us to explain a number of patterns observed in the excitation spectra of deformable non-axial even-even nuclei.
Various well-known types of deviations of nuclear collective motion from purely...
Taking into account the effect of Gd self-shielding in experiments with Magnevist on Gd NСT significantly improves the accuracy of determining the absorbed dose. As is known, collimated neutron beams are mainly used in NСT, therefore, the bulk of thermal neutrons fall from the front side and, at a high concentration of gadolinium, are absorbed by the front layers of gadolinium. In work [1],...
In the analysis of heavy-ion fusion cross-sections, the relativistic effects are usually ignored [1]. However, it is known that the fastest nucleons in a nucleus have the velocity close to a quarter of the speed of light. The relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory accounting for the effects of high nucleons velocity was successfully applied to reproduce the binding energies and astrophysical...
In order to study the high-density nuclear equation-of-state in collisions between gold nuclei at Nuclotron beam energies (2– 4.5A GeV), the existing BM@N experiment at JINR in Dubna has to be substantially upgraded. The measurement of high-multiplicity events at interaction rates up to 5 MHz requires the installation of four new tracking stations equipped with double-sided micro-strip silicon...
Today the silicon-based detector systems are playing a key role in experimental studies of the nuclear matter properties. Using thin silicon pixel detectors for the precise identification of charged particles opens completely new opportunities to investigate the states of nuclear matter arising in processes of relativistic nuclear collisions. For stable operational conditions of such...
The nuclear physics methods are increasingly important in medicine for the early diagnosis of diseases. Nuclear medicine is of the most modern methods of non-invasive functional diagnostics, providing information that cannot be acquired with other imaging technologies. Its methods require advanced mathematics for data processing and analysis [1]. Development of mathematical methods and data...
The method of induced activity was used to study photonuclear reactions on a natural mixture of erbium isotopes. The experiment was performed on a bremsstrahlung of an RM55 electron accelerator at an electron energy of 55 MeV. The study examined the possibility of producing carrier-free $^{166}Ho$ isotope in photonuclear reactions on a natural mixture of erbium isotopes. Experimental data on...
In this work, an experimental study of $^{89}Y$ the photodisintegration is performed. Absolute yields and average cross sections weighted by the bremsstrahlung were measured for photoneutron reactions on $^{89}Y$ at the upper limit of 55 MeV brake photons. The measured yields and average cross sections weighted by the bremsstrahlung are compared with the yields of reactions calculated from...
The flux-weighted average cross-sections <σ(E)> and the isomeric yield ratios IR for the 93Nb(γ,4n)89m,gNb and 93Nb(γ,5n)88m,gNb reactions were studied. The 93Nb targets were irradiated with the bremsstrahlung beam for the end-point bremsstrahlung energies Eγmax = 36-91 MeV using the electron linac LUE-40 RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. The induced γ-activities of the samples were measured using a...
The ALICE experiment at the LHC is undergoing a major upgrade during Long Shutdown 2 (2019-2020). In particular, the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is being equipped with new GEM-based readout chambers and the readout electronics of several detectors is being replaced with faster and more flexible technology. This will allow ALICE to read out most of the detectors in the continuous mode and...
At Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna, Russia), in the framework of the project TANGRA (TAgged Neutrons and Gamma RAys) [1], we continued the experiments for studying the inelastic scattering of fast neutrons on some important for nuclear science and technology isotopes [2]. We are using several different types of gamma-detectors, such as: NaI(Tl), BGO, Stilbene, HPGe, Plastic ...
Patient exposure from Computed Tomography (CT) was simulated using Monte Carlo method. The model of rotating source was implemented previously.
Conversion coefficients from measured dose indexes to doses in organs and tissues of patient were determined. Each coefficient is a quotient of calculated organ dose divided by a weighted calculated computed tomography dose index ($CTDI_w$)....
Properties of ultramagnetized atomic nuclei relevant for supernovae, neutron star mergers, magnetar crusts and heavy-ion collisions are analyzed. Nuclear magnetic reactivity of Zeeman type is shown to dominate for field strengths below ten teratesla. Respective linear magnetic response is given as a combined reactivity of valent (outer shell) nucleons and can be described in terms of nuclear...
A mean-field and interaction in the particle-hole (p-h) channel are the input quantities for any RPA-based approach to describing Gamow-Teller Resonance and its overtone – Isovector Giant Spin-Monopole Resonance in the $\beta^{(−)}$ -channel (GTR and IVGSMR$^{(−)})$ , respectively). The recent example of such an approach is given in Ref. [1], where main properties of mentioned resonances in...
The photonuclear reactions 93Nb(γ,n)92mNb and 93Nb(γ,3n)90tNb were investigated by the γ-activation method using a bremsstrahlung beam generated from an electron linac LUE-40 RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. The flux of bremsstrahlung γ-quanta was controlled using a monitor target from natural molybdenum and the 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo reaction cross-section values.
The experimental cross-sections <σ(E)>,...
The coordinate detector “Cathodic Strip Chamber” (CSC) is designed to refine the parameters of the track obtained by multilayer GEM detectors inside the analyzing magnet. In addition to improving impulse resolution, an updated track is needed to find the corresponding hit in the ToF400 flight system. The first prototype CSC was tested on the BM@N technical wound in the 55th session of the...
Structuring the volumes of nuclei and the complex topology of their surfaces, along with attractive nuclear forces, in certain conditions, electromagnetic forces manifest themselves more significantly. At the line of the stability path of exotic nuclides, these forces begin to prevail.
In this paper, we describe the mechanism of interaction of nucleons in the nucleus volume as the interaction...
The measurements of exclusive $\pi^+n$ and $\pi^0p$ electroproduction with the CLAS detector in Hall B at Jlab provided the dominant part of the world data on observables of these channels [1] stored in the CLAS Physics Data Base [2]. The data on exclusive $N\pi$ and $\pi^+\pi^-p$ electroproduction are the major source of the information on nucleon resonance ($N^*$) electroexcitation...
Nuclear reactions with various bombarding particles serve as an important source of information both on the mechanisms of nuclear reactions and on the properties of the excited states of atomic nuclei.
This work presents work results of investigation of the isomeric yield ratios $Y_{\rm m}/ Y_{\rm g}$ of the $^{86}\rm S(\gamma, n)^{85\rm m,g}\rm Sr$, $^{86}\rm Sr(n, 2n)^{85m,g}\rm Sr$,...
Nickel is a part of most stainless steels, therefore, the cross section for the helium production on the nuclei of the nickel isotopes is significant for evaluation of radiation damages in structural materials of reactors. 58Ni is the main isotope in the natural mixture (58Ni 68.27%, 60Ni 26.10%, 61Ni 1.13%, 62Ni 3.59%, 64Ni 0.91%); therefore, its contribution is one of the determining...
Strongly intensive observables can be used to measure forward-backward (FB) correlations between charged particles in two separate pseudorapidity intervals. We will present calculations of observables in pp collisions simulated in PYTHIA at the LHC energies, and examine the azimuthal dependence of such correlations.
Within the model of independent statistically identical particle sources,...
The full ATLAS Run 2 data set with time-integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ in
the diboson channels in hadronic final states is used to probe a simple model
with an extended gauge sector (EGM), proposed by Altarelli et al., and often taken
as a convenient benchmark by experimentalists. This model predicts new
charged $W'$ and neutral $Z'$ vector bosons with modified
trilinear Standard...
Investigation of energy dependence of light charged particles emission from (p,x) reaction with 120Sn nucleus
D. Alimov1, Zh. Mukan1,2, M. Nassurlla1, A. Pan1, B.M. Sadykov1, T.K. Zholdybayev1,2
1 Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kazakhstan;
2 Gumilev Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan;
2 al Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan;
zhuldiz_mukan@mail.ru
The...
The isotopic spin in light and medium nuclei is a quantum number that serves to identify the ground and excited states and it is conserved in various nuclear processes. To verify this statement, we considered nucleon decays in the odd nuclei of the 1$p$-shell with isospin $T = 3/2$. By the magnitude of the widths $\Gamma$ of the decaying states, they can be classified into 2 groups. In $^7$Li,...
Laser - plasma generation of ultra-short intense neutron pulse
$^1$Andreev А.А., $^2$Komarov V.А, $^3$Platonov К.Yu.
$^1$Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 UniversitetskayaEmb. 7-9, St. Petersburg, Russia
$^2$FGUP scientific research institute of Complex Tests of Optiko-electronic Devices 188540, Leningrad region, Sosnovy Bor
$^3$Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic...
The colliding beams of heavy ions (Au+Au, Pb+Pb or Bi+Bi), currently planned for NICA at JINR with the average luminosity at the level of $10^{27} $cm$^2$/s, will provide the vast amounts of precise data at the center-of-mass energies up to 11 GeV per pair of nucleons. This will give the possibilities for the detailed, event-by-event studies of properties of high-density baryonic matter in...
Monitoring the accumulated dose in the population from natural terrestrial radionuclides and timely assessment of the maximum dose to prevent potential risks of radiogenic oncological diseases is an important and one of the priority tasks. The main source of the accumulated dose by the population is the natural terrestrial radionuclides that enter the body through human life, and this problem...
Diamond radiation detectors became more popular in the neutron radiation measurements at these days. It’s happen due to the such detectors advantages as small sensitive volume (which lead to less distortion from detector housing in the detected neutron spectra), high radiation, temperature and chemical resistance, low energy consumption, ability to work in high magnetic fields and low...
Today calorimetry plays an important role both in experimental studies in high energy physics and in applied research. For determination of incident particles energy with higher energy resolution the digital calorimetry can be used [1]. The digital electromagnetic calorimeter includes the segmented layers and counts the total number of particles passing through the detector volume as opposed...
Correct accounting for residual NN-interaction between valence particles is of utmost importance for structure interpretation of deformed odd-odd nuclei. This interaction manifests itself in such effects as the Gallagher-Moszkowski (GM) splitting of two-quasiparticle doublets, the Newby shift of odd-even spin value levels in K=0 rotational bands, as well as the $\Delta$K=0 mixing of rotational...
The problem statement and a mathematical model of the interaction of a cryogenic and then a plasma target with powerful jets (plasma and laser beams) are presented taking into account the external and spontaneous magnetic field. The authors developed a numerical technique and a method for calculating the characteristics of a target and the parameters of compressing beams and jets in a strong...
Both radiation therapy and chemotherapy are efficient methods of cancer treatment [1]. Efficiency of the hadron therapy is based on the phenomenon of the Bragg peak. Parameters of the Bragg peak such as its distance from the entrance pointe and maximum magnitude depend on kind of particles in the therapeutic beam and it energy, physical properties of target medium and its chemical composition...
The Multi-Purpose Detector, to be operating at NICA, aims to study the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter at high baryonic densities. One of the sensitive tools to probe the critical behaviour is the analysis of event-by-event fluctuations. Strongly intensive observables are considered to be especially sensitive to the phase transitions as they suppress trivial volume fluctuations....
Photonuclear technologies for the production of 18F, 99Mo, 149Pm, 153Sm and 175Yb with high specific activity were developed at the linear electron accelerator NSC KIPT. The method of recoil nuclei using oxides of nanoparticles of these elements to obtain isotopes of the lanthanide group and 99Mo was applied. Nanoparticles of CaF2 were used for obtaining 18F.
The proposed photonuclear...
Experimental studies and theoretical calculations of photoneutron reactions on light palladium isotopes $^{102}Pd$ and $^{104}Pd$ were performed. The target from a natural mixture of palladium isotopes was irradiated with brake γ-quanta on the RM-55 electron accelerator at an electron energy of 55 MeV. Absolute yields of photonuclear reactions on $^{102}Pd$ and $^{104}Pd$ isotopes with up to...
Ammonium salts are at the basis for the synthesis of a number of substances, which are used in different medical applications. Ammonium media has no adverse effects on the body. It is chemically and biologically sufficiently stable. These salts often used as a buffer for binding the radionuclide to a chelator, which in turn promotes the binding of the radionuclide to the active part (peptide,...
We study the phenomenon of high energy proton stopping in the nuclear matter and suggest the effective model that describes this effect. To compare our model with the data of relatively low energy experiment [1] we use the correlation between mean multiplicity and number of so-called grey nucleons - particles, which are knocked out of the nucleus by the incoming proton.
Proton decelerates...
Results on the Event-by-event pseudorapidity fluctuations of the relativistic charged particles produced in O-AgBr interactions at 60 and 200A GeV/c will be presented. To compare the experimental results, analysis of AMPT simulated data will also be presented. Results are suggestive of the presence of pseudorapidity fluctuation and strong correlation.
The isotope of 186Re is widely used (glass-based TheraSphere, Nordion, Canada and resin-based SIR-Spheres, Australia) for transarterial radioembolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (second in the world in total mortality).
The average -radiation energy of 186Re 1.07 MeV is one of the highest among the radionuclides used in palliative therapy.
The powder of rhenium activated by bremsstrahlung...
There are 4 known types of interaction in nature, but nowadays the existence of a new force mediated by new unknown bosons is widely discussed in the literature [1], [2]. This work deals with the application of a neutron scattering technique for the search for a new short-range interaction and for setting constraints on the coupling constant of such interaction.
The main idea is to perform an...
In the present articles an attempt has been made for the determination of multiplicity distributions of the secondary charged particles produced in the central region of relativistic heavy ion collisions. Due to sophisticated measurement of energy in the nuclear emulsion experiment only some particles having special criteria could be selected to measure their energy with consenting accuracy. A...
The Time-Projection Chamber (TPC) is the main tracking detector and charged particles identification of the MPD central barrel. The TPC-MPD will provide:
- The overall acceptance of |η|<1.2;
- The momentum resolution for charge particles under 3% in the transverse momentum range 0.1<pt<1GeV/c;
- Two-track resolution of about 1 cm;
- Hadron and lepton identification by dE/dx measurements...
We study the form of the structure functions connected to the zero sound excitations in the symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter (ANM). The density response $\Pi(\omega,k)$ (the retarded polarization operator) of ANM to the small external field $V_0(\omega,k)= \tau_{z}e^{i\vec q\vec r -i(\omega+i\eta)t}$ is considered. The structure function $S(\omega,k)$ is defined as $S(\omega,k) =...
An application of Glauber theory of multiple scattering to calculation of differential cross sections and polarizing characteristics of particles scattering on light nuclei took an important place in research activity of E.T.Ibraeva. All calculations were carried out in the framework of reliable spectroscopic approach to nuclear reactions. Its essence is in use of nuclear models reproducing...
Today, one of the fundamental problems in physics of nuclear reactions is a quantitative description of the elements formation in the Universe. These studies lead to an understanding of the mechanisms and processes that occur in stars. When analyzing the nuclear reaction experimental data, playing a key role in astrophysical studies it becomes necessary to use interaction potentials. These...
The wave functions of the ground states of few-body nuclei ${}^{10,11}$B, ${}^{10,11}$C were calculated by Feynman’s continual integrals method in Euclidean time [1–3]. The algorithm of parallel calculations was implemented in C++ programming language using NVIDIA CUDA technology [4]. Calculations were performed on the NVIDIA Tesla K40 accelerator installed within the heterogeneous cluster of...
The Monte-Carlo simulation of the trigger detector performance and interaction trigger efficiency for Au + Au collisions in BM@N[1-2] experiment at energy of 4 A GeV was performed with a code DCM-QGSM[3] + GEANT4[4]. The Au ion fragmentation and detection of spectator neutrons by a neutron zero-degree calorimeter and charged nuclear fragments by a forward Cherenkov counter were studied with...
Josephson current between two one-dimensional nanowires with proximity induced either s-wave or p-wave pairing and separated by a narrow dielectric barrier in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI), in-plane and normal Zeeman magnetic fields (ZMF). A topological superconducting phase in a Josephson junction of s-wave superconductors (s-JJ) is realized under the condition...
The flux-weighted average cross-sections <σ(E)> of the photonuclear reaction 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo were determined for the end-point bremsstrahlung energies Еγmax = 30-100 MeV using the γ-activation method. Targets from natural molybdenum were irradiated by the bremsstrahlung beam with a step dEe = 4 MeV using the linear electron accelerator LUE-40 RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. To determine the values...
Numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE) [1] is used for studying neutron transfer processes at near-barrier energies. The evolution of the wave functions for outer neutron is determined for reactions $^{181}$Ta($^{18}$O,$^{19}$O). TDSE allows us to visualize the dynamics of taking place processes [1-3]. The transfer probabilities are calculated for outer neutron...
Correlations between multiplicity of charge particles and mean transverse momentum was observed experimentally in pp collisions from top SPS energy to LHC energy. The change of the correlation function’s shape with collision energy was successfully described by the multi-pomeron exchange model [1,2] as an interplay of string fusion and energy-momentum conservation. The situation at lower...
Film scintillation detectors 0.3-0.5 mm thick and their corresponding optical fiber are used to detect α-radiation and various nuclear reaction products.
These detectors and the used spectrometric electronics make it possible to register radiation and transmit information with a frequency of more than $10^{5}$ pulses per second and pulse duration $\leq 5$ ns.
In combination with...
Приведены первые результаты новых экспериментов по исследованию полных ядерных сечений фотопоглощения в области пигми резонанса (от 5 до 10 МэВ), выполненных на ЛУЭ-8-5 ИЯИ РАН. Начало экспериментов стало возможным после выполнения методических работ по модернизации ускорителя и системы формирования гамма пучка. Описан метод полного фотопоглощения, который ранее использовался в области...
The primary goal of the PHENIX experiment at RHIC is the experimental study of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) using relativistic heavy ion collisions. In recent years, the unique set of small collision systems has provided evidence for collective flow in such systems that is driven by the initial state geometry. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet,...
Exploration of the hot and dense nuclear matter produced in collisions of heavy ions is one of the main goals of modern relativistic nuclear physics. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provides a unique opportunity to map the QCD phase diagram colliding different nuclei species and varying the energy of collisions. RHIC has already begun the second phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES)...
The research programme of the NA61/SHINE Collaboration covers a wide range of hadronic physics in the CERN SPS energy range (beam momentum 13A - 158A GeV/c), encompassing measurements of hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus as well as nucleus-nucleus collisions. Data are analysed to better understand the properties of hot and dense nuclear matter. This talk will present the energy dependence of...
An overview on the most recent results by the ALICE collaboration at the LHC is presented for both heavy-ion collisions (Pb--Pb and Xe--Xe) and small systems (pp and p--Pb). A broad range of topics is covered, which includes bulk particle observables and particle chemistry, heavy flavour and quarkonia production, jet-medium interaction and electromagnetic probes. Motivations and status of the...
During the ongoing Long Shutdown of the LHC, ALICE is installing detector upgrades that will allow to collect the full 50 kHz interaction rate of the LHC, collecting 2 orders of magnitude more events than in run 1 and 2. This, together with the improved track-resolution will allow ALICE to significantly improve the precision of measurements of rare signals such as heavy flavour and di-lepton...
One of the main goals of the ongoing upgrade of ALICE during the second long LHC shutdown (LS2) is to signficantly improveme the charged particle tracking and secondary vertex reconstruction, as well as the readout rate capabilities of the detector system. The ALICE physics programme of measurements of low momentum charm and beauty hadrons and low-mass dielectrons in heavy-ion collisions at...
Heavy-ion collision experiments offer a unique opportunity to study the production of (anti-)hyperon-baryons bound systems, called (anti-)hypernuclei. ALICE at the LHC measured the production of (anti-)hypertriton analyzing data collected in Pb-Pb collisions at the two center-of-mass energies of 5.02 and 2.76 TeV. The analysis was performed by exploiting the excellent particle identification...
The CMS detector at the LHC was designed originally as a particle physics experiment but has performed exceptionally well in the high-multiplicity environment of heavy-ion collisions. Over the past decade, the CMS collaboration had delivered multiple ground-breaking results on quark-gluon plasma produced in such collision events. In this talk, I will review the recent CMS results from the...
It was proved [1] that P-even T-odd asymmetry in differential cross sections of nuclear ternary fission reactions by cold polarized neutrons with the flight of $\alpha$-particles can be represented in common case through the sum of triple ${{\sigma }{3}}\left( \Omega \right)={{A}{3}}\left( \theta \right)\left( {{\mathbf{\sigma }}{n}}\left[ {{\mathbf{p}}{LF}},{{\mathbf{p}}_{\alpha }}...
$\bf{A.T. D'yachenko^{1}, I.A.Mitropolsky^{2}}$
$^{1}$Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St.Petersburg, Russia;
$^{2}$NRC"Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
In the progress of the hydrodynamic approach with a non-equilibrium equation of state [1], collisions with a beryllium target of nuclei $^{12}$C at energies...
The strongly intense quantities and robust variances in processes of multi-particle production in pp and AA interactions at LHC energies was studied. The Monte Carlo and analytic modelling of these quantities in the framework of a quark-gluon string model were implies. The string fusion effects were also taken into account by implementing of a lattice (grid) in the impact parameter plane....
$\bf{A.T. D'yachenko^{1}, I.A. Mitropolsky^{2}}$
$^{1}$ Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, St.Petersburg, Russia;
$^{2}$ NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
In progress of a hydrodynamic approach with a non-equilibrium state equation for describing heavy ion collisions [1], we consider the emission of pions both at...
The Large Hadron-electron Collider is the proposal of an upgrade of the HL-LHC. An energy recovery linac will provide 50 GeV electrons to collide with the HL-LHC hadrons beams or, later, with the hadron beams at the Future Circular Collider. When combined with the available HL-LHC Pb beams, it will deliver e-Pb collisions with nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energies around 0.8 TeV, and per...
In experimental papers [1, 2] the yields, angular and energy distributions of the pairs of light third and fourth particles formed with the highest probability, such as $\alpha$-particles pair $(\alpha_1,\alpha_2)$, were obtained for the spontaneous quaternary fission of the nucleus $^{252}$Cf. Using the theoretical concepts [3-5] of ternary and quaternary fission as virtual processes [6], we...
The Strong nucleus-nucleus Potential (SnnP) is of principal importance for understanding nuclear molecules [1] and for the synthesis of the superheavy nuclei [2]. Nucleon density distributions are known to play a crucial role in finding the SnnP by means of the double folding model [2], [3]. The best way is to calculate the densities in a microscopic manner, i.g. by the Hartree-Fock approach...
Based on the quark-hadron duality concept the hadronization of the deconfined matter arising in high-energy particle collisions is considered. The number of generated hadrons is shown to be entirely determined by the exact non-equilibrium Green's functions of partons in the deconfined matter and the vertex function governed by the probability of the confinement-deconfinement phase...
During the past few years, we have measured the angular distributions of fragments in neutron-induced fission of a number of isotopes at energies of 1–200 MeV. The studies were performed at the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” – PNPI using a TOF neutron spectrometer GNEIS at the 1 GeV proton synchrocyclotron (see [1] and references therein). Now we are adding to previously studied nuclei 209Bi, Pb...
This research focused on photoneutron production determination using three different photoneutron converters BeO, LiCl, D2O. Experiment was carried out on a linear electron accelerator [1] in A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory in Yerevan, Armenia. A set of targets was irradiated by 70 MeV electron beam. Reaction rates were determined as a result of investigations. Besides experimental results,...
In a chirally-imbalanced medium we compare some constraints on parameters both in the linear sigma model (LSM) and in the chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) as realizations of low energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) for light mesons. The relations between the low-energy constants of the chiral Lagrangian and the corresponding constants of the linear sigma model are established as well as the...
Asymmetric fission of mercury nuclei was initially observed in low energy region [1-3]. Sub-lead region is the region where it is noticed that the fission fragment shell property is over-ruled by the ridges and valleys present from saddle to scission point in the potential energy surface. These ridges and valleys are the result of shell correction, which vanishes with increase in excitation...
Mass distribution of the fission fragmnets of $^{234}$U fission by neutrons can be described using three fission modes: S1 (Standard 1), S2 (Standard 2) and SL (Super Long). Yields of these modes can be calculated using the form of the potential barriers along three different paths in the configuration space of nuclei deformation. Vibrational resonance at neutron energy about 0.7 MeV influence...
A system of three low threshold-energy ion-chambers, giving new possibilities
in proton beam monitoring and analyzing, is considered. The system includes a new double-gap chamber with the total gap of 1mm, with polyimid films of 3\,$\mu m$ thickness and with the sensitive area 113-\,$cm^2$ and two double-gap ion-chambers, each with the total gap of 2 mm. Ionization losses in each of six...
The talk is devoted to QCD phase diagram studies, including the region of large baryon density that will be probed at NICA.
Part of the talk is
based on:
Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.10, 105010
Phys.Rev. D97 (2018) no.5, 054036
Phys.Rev. D98 (2018) no.5, 054030
Eur.Phys.J. C79 (2019) no.2, 151
JHEP 1906 (2019) 006
Phys. Rev. D 100, 034009 (2019)
Recently It has been shown that in the...
We have extended applications [1] of unitary clothing transformations (UCTs) [2,3] in quantum field theory. Such transformations connect the representation of “bare” particles (BPR) and the representation of “clothed” particles (CPR), i.e., the particles with physical properties. The Kharkov potential is a recent field theoretical model of nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction that has built up in...
INVESTIGATION OF EXPOSURE OF EPITHERMAL NEUTRONS RADIATION ON THE SAMPLES OF TUMOR TISSUES AT Gd-NCT
Kulabdullaev G.A.1, Kim A.A.1, Abdullaeva G.A.1, Djuraeva G.T.1, Yuldashev D.O.1, Mavlyanov I.R.2, Kadyrbekov R.T.3, Kadyrbekov N.R.3, Beknazarov H.J.3
1 Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,
2 Tashkent Medical Academy, Ministry of Health, Uzbekistan
3 Republican...
Studies of production and properties of nuclei near the stability boundary with respect to neutron emission are an important part of modern nuclear spectroscopy (see, e.g., [1]). In fission of actinide nuclei, neutron-rich nuclei are produced (especially in short-lived light fragments formed in asymmetric fission at low energies of bombarding particles). In small part of beta-decays of these...
Hadron scattering on light nuclei at intermediate energies is a good test of investigation of both the structure of nuclei and the mechanisms of interaction. From the scattering of various hadrons, both experimentally and theoretically, proton scattering has been studied in more detail. At the same time, the study of the scattering of other particles, for example, mesons with the same...
A search for the time-noninvariant (T-odd) interactions is one of the most fundamental not yet resolved problems in physics and, more generally, in nature. In 1950, Purcell and Ramsey [1] suggested that it is equivalent to the search for the electric dipole moment(EDM) of any elementary particle. The existence of EDM violates both P- and T-invariance (P is the space parity). The search for the...
Alpha cluster structure in 19F
Nauruzbayev D.K.1,3, Nurmukhanbetova A.K.1 , Goldberg V.Z. 2
1 Energetic Cosmos Laboratory,Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000,Kazakhstan,
2 Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
3 Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: anurmukhanbetova@nu.edu.kz
The nucleosynthesis of 19F was...
The authors proposed a development strategy for combined radiation methods for sterilization of bone implants in order to increase their effectiveness in clinical use [1]. The relevance of this work is determined by the ever-increasing need for plastic material during reconstructive operations in bioimplantology [2]. Recent works have confirmed the promise of combined sterilization methods...
Using temperature dependent nuclear potential the temperature dependence of proton emitting decay half-lives were analyzed in framework of WKB method with inclusion of quantization conditions. The temperature dependent double-folding and proximity potentials were used in calculations. In temperature independent calculations, in contrary to Prox77, very good agreement between calculated...
The existence of an axion (a hypothetical pseudoscalar boson) was originally considered as a consequence of sponatneous breaking of newly introduced chiral symmetry, which was suggested in 1977 by R. Peccei and H. Quinn in attempt to solve the strong CP problem. The interactions of axion with ordinary matter are described via the effective coupling constants that are inversely proportional to...
Up to date analysis of velocity and isotope distributions of light fragments obtained in the projectile fragmentation reactions of 18O at 35 MeV/nucleon on 9Be and 181Ta targets measured at COMBAS fragment separator at the U400M Research Facility in JINR [1] are presented. The results of velocity spectra analytical parametrization and isotopic ratios are compared with the ones obtained in the...
A new region of asymmetric nuclear fission zone of extremely neutron deficient sub-lead island has been emerged out in recent years from the discovery of unusual mass-asymmetry in 180Hg [1-4]. These extremely neutron-deficient exotic nuclei play an important role to understand the influence of microscopic effects near saddle point on the fission process [1]. The asymmetric nature of fission...
Over the last decades, our knowledge on Neutron Stars (NS) has been greatly advanced: NS with large masses were discovered, radii of a number of NS were measured, and a gravitational signal from the merger of two NS was observed. These data establish significant restrictions on the equation of state of the NS matter and pose new problems for the theory of nuclear matter [1,2].
Many authors...
The interrelation between the deconfinement temperature of hadron medium
and parameters of radial Regge trajectories within the bottom-up holographic
models for QCD is scrutinized. We show that the lattice data on the deconfine-
ment temperature can yield a powerful restriction on the spectrum of excited
mesons and glueballs within the framework of holographic approach.
The response function of the recoil nuclei in the detectors designed to detect neutrinos or dark matter particles can be determined only by using a neutron source with known energy spectrum. Therefore, the development and creation of a calibration neutron source is an important task for a number of current and future nuclear and astrophysical experiments [1, 2]. The neutron source has to be...
Sets of fission yields have an impact on different fields of interest. From a theoretical standpoint they are interesting for the understanding of matter, because they allow the description of the phenomena occurring in a nucleus undergoing large collective motion at low excitation energy and, hence, are influenced by nuclear shells that disappear at higher excitation energies. From a...
The paper presents the development stage of an installation for fast neutron spectrometry using an EJ-276 plastic organic scintillator including the results and processing of measurements of mixed gamma-neutron spectra of an ING-07T pulsed neutron generator, calibration of the spectrometer, and unfolding of neutron spectra. Separation of signals from gamma and neutron radiation was carried out...
The aim of the iDream project is a development of an industrial detector of the reactor antineutrinos for the reactor active zone monitoring. There is a description of the control methodology, a prototype design and a status of the project up to date.
Double core hole (DCH) states enclose two vacancies in the electronic K-shell of atoms and molecules. This object currently attracts close attention and DCHs might become a new tool for chemical analysis [1] and plasma diagnostics [2]. DCHs are efficiently created by high-brilliance X-ray free-electron lasers in double ionization by two sequentially absorbed $\gamma$-quanta [3]. On another...
We extended our calculations of the recent research work for two flavor magnetized PNJL model cooperating non zero chemical potential and thermal mass in the potential as in the Lagrangian. We calculate the equation of state of PNJL model and its thermodynamic properties. We Show the results of the phase transition temperature obtain to a lower value in comparison to earlier value of phase...
$^1$ NRC “Kurchatov institute” – ITEP, Moscow, 117218, Russia;
$^2$ National Research Center “Kurchatov institute”, Moscow, 123182, Russia.
First observation of neutron star merger and registration of heavy elements presence in this process [1] confirmed our understanding that main scenario for the r-process is connected with the ejecta during neutron star merger (NSM) at the end of close...
At present, experiments devoted to studying collisions of hadrons and nuclei at high energy are being performed at various facilities, including the LHC and SPS (CERN) and RHIC (BNL). Due to the peculiarities of the strong interaction, constructing a collision model from the first principles of the QCD theory is a rather difficult task. Therefore, various empirical models are developed based...
The hadronization of the deconfinement matter is considered based on the concept the quark-hadron duality. Under such an approach the hadron rate is shown to be the convolutions of the multiple particle Green's function of quarks in the Kadanoff-Baym-Keldysh formalism with the probability to create the quasi-hadron bound quark-antiquarks states in the deconfinement matter. This probability...
The scalar quark condensate $\kappa(\rho)=\langle M|\sum_{i}\bar q_i q_i|M\rangle$ in nuclear matter can be presented as $\kappa(\rho) =\kappa(0) + \kappa_N\rho+S(\rho)$ with $\langle M|$ the ground state of the matter while $q$ are the operators of the light quarks $u$ and $d$. Here $\rho$ is the density of the matters, $\kappa(0)$ is the vacuum value of the condensate. In the second term on...
Collisions of metastable antiprotonic helium atoms with the medium atoms induce, inter alia, transitions between hyperfine structure (HFS) states, as well as shifts and broadening of microwave M1 spectral lines. These effects were studied in the experiments with the low-temperature $^4\mathrm{He}$ [1,2] and $^3\mathrm{He}$ [3] targets, and were considered in the framework of the model...
INTRANUCLEAR CASCADES EFFECTS ON THE COMPOSITION AND ENERGY OF (p,x)-NUCLEAR REACTION PRODUCTS
Novikov N.V., Chechenin N.G., Chuvilskaya T.V.,
Chumanov V. Ya., Shirokova A.A.
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Moscow, Russian Federation
E-mail: nvnovikov65@mail.ru
The relaxation of the nucleus in the pre-equilibrium phase, excited in reaction...
Models with extended Higgs boson sectors are of prime importance for
investigating the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking for Higgs decays
into four fermions and for Higgs-production in association with a vector bosons [1]. In the framework of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model [2] using two scenarios obtained from the experimental measurements we presented next-to-leading-order results on...
LITHIUM-LOADED PLASTIC SCINTILLATORS FOR THERMAL NEUTRON DETECTION
Nemchenok I.B.1, 2, Kamnev I.I. 1, Shevchik E.A.1, Suslov I.A.1, 2
1Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia;
2Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia.
nemch@jinr.ru
This work presents the results of the optimization of the composition of lithium-loaded plastic scintillators (Li-PS) based on a copolymer of styrene...
The investigation of distribution of charge density of nuclei by means of electronic scattering have begun from Hofstadter work series [1–2]. Further many important works were made in this field [3–5]. Here I present specific models of charge distribution with symmetrized Fermi distribution in the center of nuclei and small perturbation on periphery used for fitting electron scattering data by...
Machine Learning (ML) have been widely applied in the High Energy Physics (HEP) to help physical community to solve complex problem in classification and analysis. Here we describe application of ML to solve the problem of classification background and signal events in DEAP-3600 experiment (SNOLAB, Canada) that constructed to search WIMP particles. We apply Boosted Decision Trees (BDT) method...
Abstract. A new time-of-flight method for measuring the neutron lifetime $\tau_{\mathrm{n}}$ was proposed in [1] The time-of-flight method for measuring the neutron lifetime $\tau_{\mathrm{n}}$ is very sensitive to the background. It was found that the background should be less than $10^{-6}$. According to [2] , between the power pulses of the IBR-2 reactor, about $7 \%$ of the reactor power...
An increase in the intensity of pulsed neutron sources leads to an unprecedentedly large pulsed neutron flux density up to $10^{11} \mathrm{n} / \mathrm{s} / \mathrm{cm}^{2}$ and, as a result, to the impossibility of using data acquisition systems operating in counting mode. On the other hand, in the study of small P-odd effects in stationary reactors, the integral method is often used. This...
In many cases, interactions of nuclei are considered as collisions of A1 and A2 nucleons if it is possible to neglect the binding energy of the nucleus. However for very high kinetic energy of colliding nuclei there is a possibility of collective interaction of nucleons with production of quark-gluon matter blobs. As it was shown earlier, in this case a large orbital momentum appears. In that...
One of the main attributes of reactor core design is finding the best distribution of the core controls and protection systems. Nuclear reactors have several distinctive types of control and protection elements, such as control rods, shimming rods and emergency rods. Each of these elements performs a separate task in a control procedure. The distribution of these elements in the core...
New approach to solve a wide range of problems in various nuclear materials processing is discussed. One of them – irradiated reactor graphite decontamination with inert gas (argon) plasma sputtering and thermo-treatment with interdisciplinary synthesis of plasma physics, materials science and reactor physics. At present time wide search of effective technology to deactivate reactor graphite...
In this work, we consider a beyond the Standard Model (SM) framework, based on the non-abelian discrete group $\Delta(27)$ to explain the observed non-zero reactor mixing angle $\theta_{13}$. The deviation from the tri-bimaximal (TBM) neutrino mixing pattern, in the context of the type-I seesaw is realized by including new particles to the SM particle content, which thus provides non-zero...
In [1], in the framework of a general approach to the covariant description of
the structure of half-integer spin nuclei, analytical expressions were found for
the multipole expansion of the structure functions, entering into the
differential cross section for elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized
leptons
$
\frac{{d\sigma }}{{d\Omega }} = {\sigma _{Mott}}\left{ {{W_1}...
On the basis of the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov (HFB) method with various versions of Skyrme forces we investigated the position of the neutron drip-line (NDL) of Ca isotopes with allowance for axial deformation of nuclei. For calculations of the properties of the ground state of even-even isotopes of Ca, we used computer code HFBTHO v2.00d [1] and our software package as in [2]. Our calculations...
One of the promising type of scintillation detector for neutron registration and spectroscopy is Cs26LiYCl6:Ce. The work presents study of characteristics of this detector. Optimization of digital algorithms for neutron/gamma-separation was performed. Pulse shape discrimination quality of charge integration and correlation analysis was investigated. Also tuning of pulse start time measuring...
The theoretical consideration of the $NN{\bar K}$ quasi-bound system is based on the isotopic-spin formalism in which mesons ${\bar K}^0$ and $K^-$ are two isospin states of the $\bar K$ particle with the isospin of $\frac12$. Nucleon is also considered as isospin $\frac12$ particle having two states (proton and neutron) with the different projections of the isospin. According to the...
Nowadays all the elements up to 118th are known due to success of experimental nuclear physics in new heavy element synthesis [1], however, not all the masses of new nuclides have been measured. In our work, the phenomenological approach based on local mass relations is implemented to predict masses of unknown isotopes. This approach is characterized by mathematical simplicity and accuracy...
Precision measurements of $\beta$-spectra have always been and are still playing an important role in several fundamental physical problems, predominantly in neutrino physics. In Petersburg Nuclear Physics Inst. NRC KI, the $\beta$-spectra of $^{144}{\rm{Ce}}-^{144}{\rm{Pr}}$ nuclei were measured with aim to determine the spectrum of electron antineutrinos. The artificial source of...
Modern experiments with aim of investigation or search of ultra-rare events, for example neutrino or dark matter interaction within a low background detector, place high demands for the radiation purity of the materials used, even for those used in small quantities. These include materials used for soldering elements in detector systems, i.e. a solder and flux. Radioactive purity of the...
The spectroscopy of charmonium-like mesons with masses above the 2_mD open charm threshold has been full of surprises and remains poorly understood [1]. The currently most compelling theoretical descriptions of the mysterious XYZ mesons attribute them to hybrid structure with a tightly bound cc\bar diquark [2] or cq(cq)\bar tetraquark core [3 - 5] that strongly couples to S-wave DD\bar...
Highly-charged stable or radioactive ions can be stored and cooled in a heavy-ion storage ring offering unrivaled capabilities for precision studies for the atomic, nuclear structure, and astrophysics [1]. We have employed the unique feature of the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) facility at GSI to address astrophysically relevant reactions. In 2009, as a proof-of-concept experiment, the cross...
The method being successfully used for the synthesis of superheavy elements is that of complete fusion reactions, which are classified as cold fusion and hot fusion reactions. In the present work, we have studied the excitation functions (EFs) of ${}^{260}$Sg${}^{*}$, formed in fusion reaction ${}^{52}$Cr + ${}^{208}$Pb [4], based on Dynamical Cluster decay Model (DCM) [1]. For the nuclear...
In recent years, studies based on the application of the natural sciences methods on archaeological research have become increasingly important. The number of research programs on studying the cultural heritage of various eras is increasing. Still continues the development of different modern techniques for non-destructive analysis of the elemental and structural composition of ancient...
The properties and mass distribution of the ultramagnetized atomic nuclei which arise in heavy-ion collisions and magnetar crusts, during Type II supernova explosions and neutron star mergers are analyzed. For the magnetic field strength range of 0.1–10 teratesla, the Zeeman effect leads to a linear nuclear magnetic response that can be described in terms of magnetic susceptibility [1]....
T-odd effects in fission of heavy nuclei have been extensively studied during more than a decade in order to study the dynamics of the process. A collaboration of Russian and European institutes discovered the effects in the ternary fission in a series of experiments performed at the ILL reactor (Grenoble) [1-3] and the effects were carefully measured for a number of fissioning nuclei. The...
In $[1]$ we have investigated the cross sections of the $^{13}C(d,p \gamma)^{14}C(3^–$; 6.73 MeV) reaction at $E_d$ = 15.3 MeV. In this article the double-differential cross sections of the same reaction were measured for six proton emission angles on the SINP MSU 120-cm cyclotron. The angular correlation functions $W(θ_\gamma, \varphi_\gamma; θ_p)$ were measured at four planes of gamma-rays...
Tyutyunnikov S.I. $^{1},$ Yuldashev B.S.$^{1},$ Kryachko I.A.${ }^{1},$ Rasulova F.A. $^{1},$ Stegailov $\mathrm{V}. \mathrm{I.}^{1},$ Tran $\mathrm{T.N.}^{1,2}$, Perevoshikov L.L., Guseva S.V. $^{1},$ Balandin A.S.
$^1$ - Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, 141980
$^2$ - Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi,...
The problem of halo nuclei [1] in a detailed analysis of sizes and deformations in isotopic series reveals not abrupt behavior in the topology of nuclei, but a sequential continuous change in the structural nuclear parameters as they move away from the axis of the "Line of stability". This suggests the inevitable correlation of structural isotopic parameters with electromagnetic and purely...
In the work is investigated the effect of a burnable poison on the rate of reactivity drop in the PIK reactor. The core consists of six 6-sided fuel assemblies in the inner perimeter, six 4-sided fuel assemblies and six 6-sided fuel assemblies in the outer perimeter. The hexagonal fuel assembly contains 241 fuel elements, and the tetrahedral fuel assembly - 161. The fuel elements of the PIK...
Spectroscopic factors are intensely used in the analysis of nuclear reactions. However, spectroscopic factors are absent in the rigorous theory of nuclear reactions. They arise only within the standard version of the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) as a result of the replacement of a rigorous many-particle overlap function by a two-body wave function. This approach has no serious...
A structure of atomic nuclei have many examples of a phase transitions with increase of the excitation energy, rotational moment and changing of the number of nucleons. These are phase transitions in the equilibrium shape and structure of the ground and low-lying excited states related to symmetry changed. The problem of phase transitions has caused of new wave of researches of the structure...
The problem of significant disagreements [1] between partial photoneutron reaction cross sections obtained using the method of neutron multiplicity-sorting at Livermore (USA) and Saclay (France) was investigated in detail. As a rule for 19 nuclei from $^{51} \mathrm{V}$ to $^{238} \mathrm{U}(\gamma, 1 \mathrm{n})$ reaction cross sections are larger at Saclay, but $(\gamma, 2 n)$ cross sections...
Total reaction cross sections for interaction of ${}^8$Li and ${}^8$He secondary beam with ${}^{28}$Si, ${}^{59}$Co, ${}^{181}$Ta target nuclei in the energy range 25–45 A MeV were measured. Modified transmission method based on registration of prompt $n$, $\gamma$ radiation by a multi-detector $\gamma$-spectrometer [1, 2] was used. Energy dependences of total reaction cross sections were...
Recently unique experiments have been carried out to measure the fully (FDCS) and single (SDCS) differential cross sections of Compton ionization of helium atoms near the threshold of single ionization [1]. The photon energy was about 2 keV, and the energy of the detected electrons did not exceed 10 eV.
An adequate theoretical description in this energy range can be carried out in the...
The sequential $n$-stage ($n\geq2$) decay of the compound nucleus $A$: $A \rightarrow {b_1}+A_1 \rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow {b_1}+\ldots +{b_n}+A_n$ with the formation of the real particles $b_1, \ldots, b_n$, intermediate nuclei $A_1,\ldots, A_{n-1}$ and the final nucleus $A_n$ with internal energies $E_{b_1},\ldots, E_{b_n}$ and $E_{A_1},\ldots,E_{A_n}$, correspondingly, has been...
Recent developments of the relativistic nuclear field theory (NFT) on the fermionic correlation functions will be presented. The general non-perturbative equation of motion framework is formulated in terms of a closed system of non-linear equations for one-body and two-body propagators. The present formulation provides a direct link to ab-initio theories and extends the explicit treatment of...
CLAS Physics Data Base (CLAS DB) has been developed in collaboration between the SINP at MSU and the Hall B at Jefferson Lab [1,2]. CLAS DB contains most experimental results on inclusive semi-inclusive and exclusive reaction off proton and nuclei obtained with the CLAS detector. The substantial part of these experimental results represent the only available in the world data sets. The results...
Yields from the complete fusion reaction of 40Ar + 144Sm => 184-xnHg were measured by the catcher foil method [1] (on the U400M cyclotron at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions). Cross sections for neutron channels of complete fusion were calculated from measured yields. The catchers were made out of five aluminum foils (0,8 µm thick) stacked downstream from the...
At present the heavy ion accelerator complex NICA is under construction in Dubna, Russia. The Multi-Purpose Detectors (MPD) will operate at NICA to study the properties and phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. The Forward Hadron Calorimeter (FHCal) is one of the basic sub-detectors of MPD and is intended for the detection of the particles in very forward rapidity region, mainly,...
Nickel-63 is perspective isotope to produce microsized radioisotope power source [1]. Advantage of nickel-63 is combination of long half-life (T1/2 = 100 y), low beta-particle energies and absence of accompanying gamma-emissions. In industry nickel-63 is produced by nuclear reactor irradiation of nickel-62 [2].
Nickel-63 has been produced with nuclear power plant irradiation of nickel-62....
Shape coexistence is a remarkable phenomena consisting in the presence in the same nucleus, within the narrow energy range, of two or more states which have distinct properties and can be interpreted in terms of different intrinsic shapes [1]. Recently accumulated experimental data have shown that $^{96}$Zr has coexisting spherical and deformed structures with small mixing amplitudes. The...
The search for super-asymmetric fission, has been receiving increasing interest due to its possible interest in producing exotic neutron rich nucleus [1]. Among the four main fission modes prescribed by Brosa [2], the supershort mode manifests itself only when light and heavy fission fragments are close to the double magic tin with A~132 in their nucleon composition. Though the possibility of...
Participating nucleons in collisions of relativistic nuclei are well separated kinematically from spectator nucleons, which propagate forward with the initial beam energy. In central $^{208}$Pb–$^{208}$Pb collisions (0-5% centrality) the nuclear centres are typically separated by less than 3.5 fm [1]. This suggests that only few nucleons in far nuclear periphery escape collisions and move...
${E.Galkina^\textit{1}}$, ${E. M. Kozulin^\textit{1}}$,${G. N. Knyazheva^\textit{1}}$ , ${I. M. Itkis^\textit{1}}$, ${A. A. Bogachev^\textit{1}}$, ${I. N. Diatlov^\textit{1}}$, ${M. Cheralu^\textit{1}}$, ${D. Kumar^\textit{1}}$, ${N. I. Kozulina^\textit{1}}$,${ K. V. Novikov^\textit{1}}$, ${A. N. Pan^\textit{1,2}}$,${ I. V. Pchelintsev^\textit{1}}$, ${I. V. Vorobiev^\textit{1}}$,${ W. H....
To measure the centrality in heavy ion reactions in the future experiments CBM@FAIR, BM@N, NA61/SHINE@SPS and MPD@NICA the forward hadron calorimeters with transverse and longitudinal segmentations will be used. All these calorimeters have the beam hole in the center. This feature leads to uncertainty in determining the centrality, since in this case the total energy deposition in the...
An extension of the self-consistent theory of finite Fermi systems [1,2] to the energy region of pygmy- and giant resonances in magic nuclei is performed with the aim to consider particle-hole (ph) and complex 1p1h⊗phonon configurations and to consistently account for the phonon coupling (PC) .
A new equation for the effective field, which determines nuclear polarizability,
has been...
The spatial distribution of neutrons with the maximum energies from 3.3 to 5.3
MeV was investigated using a two-coordinate 10B detector. The detector was
located at the 119 cm distance from the 1000 cm3 beryllium target at the output of
on electron accelerator based photoneutron source. Between the 10B detector and
the target the collimator of 3 cm diameter was located. The contribution of...
There are serious contradictions in the theoretical and experimental data on the prompt fission neutron spectra for a number of fissile isotopes. Particularly large discrepancies are observed in the experimental data for the region of low (<0.5 MeV) and high (> 6 MeV) neutron energies. This is due to the large influence of systematic errors on the results of the neutron spectra measurements...
The presence of an energy gap in the spectrum of single nucleon states of even-even nuclei facilitates the identification of collective excitations corresponding to a change in the surface shape and rotation of atomic nuclei. In odd atomic nuclei, the energy of single-nucleon excitations usually differs little from the energy of collective excitations; therefore, their separation is possible...
As the kinetic energy of nuclei grows, studying their fragmentation in collisions with fixed targets becomes an increasingly complicated task. Secondary spectator fragments emitted at small angles close to the beam do not allow the placement of advanced detectors for their registration. This explains the use of nuclear photoemulsion or track detectors at ~1–100 AGeV beam energies [1-3], where...
This work devoted to the study the mass and energy distributions of fission fragments to investigate the role of closed proton and neutron shells in the fission of 248,250Cf, 254,256Fm, and 260No nuclei [1,2,3,4] at excitation energies of 40–55 MeV. Experiments are performed on the U-400 cyclotron at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (Dubna, Russia) using the CORSET double-arm...
$\mathrm{Vlasnikov A.K.}, \fbox{Zippa A.I.}, \mathrm{Mikhajlov V.M.}$,
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: a.vlasnikov@spbu.ru
If an ideal energy surface around a deformed nucleus with even $N$ and $Z$
existed and were linear and quadratic in deviations $s$ and $t$ from $N$ and $Z$
respectively $(|s| / N \ll 1,|t| / Z \ll 1)$
$\begin{aligned} E(N+s,...
The possibility of control the maximum energy in the neutron flux by analyzing the pulse height spectra of the $^{10}$ B-detector [1] was investigated. Two possible nuclear reactions were considered: direct reaction and reaction throuh the exited $^{11}$B* nucleus with the production of $^{4}$He and $^{7}$Li. The ionization losses of nuclei in two detector gaps were calculated. A change in the...
Important information on the structure of Super Heavy Elements (SHE) can come from the study of lighter deformed transfermium (Z ~ 100–106) elements. The cross-section for the formation of these nuclei is many orders of magnitude higher than for Z ≥ 110 so that detailed spectroscopy becomes possible.
The opportunity to have high intensity (>1 pμA) accelerated beams with A ≤ 50 together with...
The BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) is fixed target experiment to study nucleus-nucleus reactions with the ion beams energies up to 4.5 AGeV. It is supposed to perform differential measurements of the energy, charge composition, transverse momentum and other characteristics of the projectile spectators at the BM@N. These observables would be sensitive to the processes in the dense...
The Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) is the fixed target experiment on NICA-Nuclotron acceleration complex in Dubna (JINR). The main goals of experimental data taking in 2016-2018 at the BM@N were measurements of strange and multistrange hyperon productions and searching for the hyper-nuclei in nucleus nucleus collisions. First data with carbon, argon and krypton beams have been taken at...
Under developing new position-sensitive ionization detector of fast neutrons with energies above 1 MeV events of $^{7}$Li and $^{4}$He nucleus emission from $^{10}$B layer is simulated. Detector gives possibility to determine direction of nucleus emission due to signals from anode and pairs of cathodes and grids. Ionization signals from detector gas gaps is proportional to the partial and...
Estimation of the surface tension coefficients in the even-even nuclei could be performed due to connection of surface tension and nuclear rigidity [1]. The values of rigidities are connected with the mean squared deformations of nuclei [2]. The estimation of the surface tension coefficients in the even-even nuclei were presented in [3]. The coefficients $\sigma$ show great fluctuations: from...
The consistent theoretical model for the calculations of the mass, charge and energy of fission fragment and the prompt fission neutron energy and multiplicity distributions [1, 2] is applied for the description of the spontaneous fission of the superheavy nuclei. The prompt fission neutron characteristics are formed during emission at descent from the fission barrier to the scission point...
Centrality is an important concept in a study of strongly interacting matter created in a heavy-ion collision which evolution depends on its initial geometry. Experimentally collisions can be characterized by the measured multiplicities or energy of produced particles at midrapidity or spectator fragments emitted in the forward rapidity region. Relation between collision geometry and...
In recent years, several successful applications of the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have emerged in nuclear physics, high-energy physics, and other fields of science. These works have already shown, that modeling of nuclear data with ANNs provides a valuable complementary approach to theory-driven models of the systematics of nuclear data (see e.g. [1] and references therein). A...
In [1], a laser plasma with electron temperature $\Theta_{e}$ ~ 1 keV and the lifetime of $\tau$ ≈ 0.5 ns was formed from rhenium metal containing ${}^{186m}$Re isomer nuclei ($T_{1/2}$ = 2×$10^{5}$ years) with an isomer concentration of ~ $10^{–3}$ %. In this plasma the stimulated de-excitation of ~ $10^{–5}$ % isomeric nuclei was observed. The experimental results made it possible to assume...
Several experiments aimed to investigate properties of short-lived SF nobelium isotopes we carried out in FLNR. The neutron-deficient isotopes of nobelium were produced in fusion-evaporation reactions using 206,208Pb target and an intensive beam of 48Ca. Fusion-evaporation residues were separated by the SHELS separator and implanted into a large-area double-sided 48х48 strip silicon detector...
The experimental determination of event centrality classes is one of the important tasks in studying the properties of strongly interacting matter.
New approaches for event centrality selection in nucleus-nucleus collisions based on the particles charge distributions measured with Forward Wall hodoscope at the HADES experiments will be discussed.
The comparison of experimental charge...
We had suggested in our previous publications (see, e.g. [1-2]) the definition of quantum chaos based on the Liouville-Arnold theorem. It states that a system featuring N degrees of freedom is regular if it has M = N linearly independent first integrals of motion in involution. First (global, isolating) integrals of motion are those that, by Noether’s theorem, are associated with the symmetry...
In this work the measurements of the differential cross sections (DCS) of the reaction 16O(10B,9Be)17F have been carried out at 10B ions beam of the C-200P cyclotron of the Heavy Ion Laboratory (University of Warsaw) with the energy E10B=41.3 MeV. The purpose of the experiment is to find out the suitability of this reaction near the Coulomb barrier to extract the ANC values to use in the...
Anisotropic transverse flow is one of the main observables in the study of strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Spatial asymmetry of overlapping region of two ions transforms due to particles interaction into momentum anisotropy of produced hadrons. Comparison of measured azimuthal anisotropy with theoretical calculations allows to extract properties of the...
The energy loss of alpha particles in thin layers of various absorbers, including those composed of various materials was investigated.As absorbers, aluminum films with a thickness of 1–10 microns and lavsan films with a thickness of 5–20 microns were used.The radiation sources were standard alpha sources $ {}^{238}Pu$ and ${}^{239}Pu$.
A Gaussian distribution in the calculations...
The Quantulus 1220 is a liquid scintillation counting (LSC) system for the quantitative measurement of extremely low levels of alpha and beta activity. With both passive and active shielding, the Quantulus 1220 employs a universal background reduction system which is optimized according to type of analysis.
In the Centre of Isotopic Research (CIR) of FGBU «VSEGEI» Quantulus 1220 is used for...
Gamma radiation spectrometric detection units based on lanthanum bromide LaBr3 (Ce) have significantly better energy resolution in comparison with detection units based on common NaI (Tl) crystals. To provide measurements in fields of high-energy gamma radiation in energy range from 30 keV to 10 MeV an experimental detection unit based on a LaBr3 (Ce) detector with dimensions of Ø38x38 mm was...
The experiments at the DC-60 heavy ion accelerator in nuclear physics are focused, on obtaining the missing information on the internuclear interaction potentials, with the contribution of the elastic transfer process in the region of the rear angles. In this work, we measured the angular distributions of elastic scattering of $^{10}$B($^{14}$N,$^{14}$N)$^{10}$B at energies E$_{lab}$ = 21 and...
These days radiation technologies are widely used in food industry to prolong the shelf life of foodstuffs by inhibiting pathogens [1-2]. With the increase in types of food processed using irradiation, researchers have faced the problem of determining the required dose distribution in foodstuffs of complex geometry as well as heterogeneous chemical composition and structure [3-5].
The...
The use of dosimeters calibrated in reference fields with corresponding energies for correct estimation of dose loads for personnel working in high-energy gamma-radiation fields with energies above 3 MeV is required. The creation of reference fields with gamma-radiation energies up to 7 MeV is essential for photon radiation dosimetry at nuclear power plants, where a significant gross dose rate...
FORMATION OF INCLUSIVE REACTION SPECTRA (p, xd) ON MIDDLE CORES
G. Aliyeva1,2, J.K. Kerimkulov2, M. Nassurlla2, B.M. Sadykov2, T.K. Zholdybayev2,3
*
1Gumilev Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan;
2Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kazakhstan;
3Al Farabi Kazakh National...
The results of development of new method for in situ gamma spectroscopy determination of radioactive soil contamination are presented. The novelty of the method developed is that no priori assumptions about the distribution of nuclides in the soil and no soil sampling are needed. Only in situ spectra measured over the territory of interest are used.
The method is based on attenuation factor...
Investigation clusterization effects of 9Be from 2H and 3,4He Scattering.
K. Mendibayev1,6,7, S.M. Lukyanov1, B. Urazbekov1,2, A.S. Denikin1, N. Itaco2, D. Janseitov1, J. Mrazek3, W.H. Trzaska4, M.N. Harakeh5, Yu. Penionzhkevich1, K. Kuterbekov7 and T. Zholdybayev6
1) Joint Institute for nuclear research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
2) Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universita degli Studi...
The role of new nuclear-physics experiments in the creation of nuclear databases and development of theoretical models in accordance with modern approaches is key in both fundamental and applied researches related in particular to the development of electro-nuclear plants (Accelerator Driven System, ADS) for the nuclear transmutation of long-lived radioactive nuclear waste and energy...
Dark matter remains one of the few fundamental problems of particle physics and cosmology that is not explained in the Standard Model (SM). Today, the direct search for dark matter results in a limitation on parameter space of mass and the spin-independent cross section of WIMP interaction.
For low mass WIMPs, the best results are shown by the noble liquid time projection chambers (TPCs)....
Beams of ultrarelativistic positrons are an essential tool for experimental studies in physics of atomic nuclei and elementary particles. Usually positrons for these beams are produced by conversion of ultrarelativistic electrons to positrons in thick targets-converters. In one variant some magnetic system separates from all positrons from converter those which have necessary energy without...
Despite numerous studies of radon emanation [1-3], the problem of studying the distribution of radon concentrations in the surface atmospheric layer of the Earth is relevant. The contribution of radon and its daughter decay products to the general background radiation is large and amounts to more than 50%. Time of variations of radon emanation, studied by the authors of [4], showed its strong...
Description of a semiconductor system for selection of events in the reactions of stopped pion absorption by nuclei (1, 2) is presented. The system consists of two thin silicon detectors. The regions of energy release in the detectors corresponding to pion stops in the targets are determined using a “live” target - a silicon detector of a certain thickness. The thicknesses of other targets...
When studying elastic and inelastic scattering of mesons on light nuclei at intermediate energies based on the Glauber diffraction theory, it becomes necessary to know the scattering amplitudes of these mesons on individual nucleons of the nucleus. The elementary amplitudes of the πN and K + N interactions are input parameters of the Glauber theory. They are usually determined from independent...
Very perspective material for fabrication radiation-tolerant electronics, high-temperature electronics as well as for nuclear radiation detectors of ionizing radiation for working in harsh environments is silicon carbide (SiC). Mainly, 4H-SiC polytype is mostly investigated for its physical properties, e.g.: the band gap energy is 3.26 eV, the mean energy of electron-hole pair creation is...
In connection with the modern development of technologies in nuclear energy, the important task is to substantially refine the experimental data on fast neutron scattering. The high cost of nuclear facilities leads to the need for an accurate model description of the processes of neutrons interaction with atomic nuclei. As important components of structural materials, titanium, chromium and...
Energy resolution of spectrometric instruments for radiation control systems today should be below 4.5% as required by international standards. Example, the American national standard ANSI N42.34-2015 introduces a requirement for the resolution of RID spectrometer channel to be not above 4%.
Developed a spectrometric detection unit based on scintillation SrI2(Eu) detector. According to the...
Our investigation aims to study different interaction models of double folding potential for 6He+12C nuclear system. We analyzed the available experimental elastic scattering angular distributions data for 6He+ 12C nuclear system at energies 5.9, 9.9, 18, 30, 229.8, 249.6 and 493.8 MeV. Data analysis performed within the framework of optical model (OM) potential using the phenomenological...
The mechanisms for the formation of cross sections for elastic scattering of heavy ions on light nuclei remain controversial and require more detailed studies. In the differential cross sections of earlier papers [1], weak oscillations are observed in the region of small and medium angles, while in the backscattering angles they manifest themselves quite sharply, and with increasing energy of...
A source of electrons and gamma quanta for nuclear detectors calibration is described. The source was developed on the basis of the LUE-8-5 electron accelerator of the INR RAS. The electrons energy is variable within 4 – 10 MeV. The energy resolution (FWHM) is better than 1%, the counting rate is of order of one particle per acceleration cycle. Repetition rate is up to 300 s-1. beam pulse...
One of motivations in studying the $\alpha+\alpha\rightarrow\alpha+\alpha+ \gamma$ bremsstrahlung is to get a supplementary information on a strong part of the alpha-alpha interaction. Our departure point in describing this reaction is to use the Fock-Weyl criterion and a generalization of the Siegert theorem [1,2]. Along the guideline we obtain the gauge-independent bremsstrahlung amplitude...
An analysis of the experimental and theoretical works devoted to the spectra of prompt fission neutrons (PFN) showed serious contradictions in the obtained results. Most authors attribute the discrepancy in the measurement results to the influence of a number of systematic errors, the contribution of which is most pronounced at neutron energies below 1 MeV and above 6 MeV.
The vast majority of...
В работах [1, 2, 3] применен полуклассический подход и модель линейного тока [4] для расчета изменений электромагнитных полей в оптическом диапазоне, формируемых при взаимодействии электронов, гамма квантов с жидкой, твердой и газовой средой. В подходе, применённом при решении конкретных задач, использовался пособытийный анализ формирования электромагнитных полей с применением пакета GEANT...
The experiment Neutrino-4 had started in 2014 with a detector model and then was continued witha full-scale detector. All steps of preparatory work on this experiment are presented. Measurements were carried out in two phases. The first phase measurements with reactor under operation hadstarted in June 2016 and were continued till June 2018. The second phase from September 2018 to July 2019...
For the first time, a new nuclear-physical phenomenon is described - the flight out from complex nuclei of the lightest clusters with mass numbers from 1 to 4. The interpretation of the phenomenon consists in the assertion that the multiclusters recently experimentally discovered in the volume of nuclei [1] spontaneously enter into thermonuclear fusion reactions with each other. While they...
Cancer is a critical societal issue. Worldwide, in 2018 alone, 18.1 million cases were diagnosed, 9.6 million people died and 43.8 million people were living with cancer. Current projections anticipate an increase with approximately 24,6 million newly diagnosed patients, 13 million related deaths by 2030.. The efforts that are currently carried out worldwide to improve the effectiveness of RT...
The investigations of the processes and mechanisms of medium-range nuclear systems (formed in reactions with protons) formation, with the evaporation of one or more nucleons in the final stages, are not only the significant fundamental task, but also have practical importance. These tasks become particularly relevant for production of medical radionuclides which are used for effective early...
Having uncovered the explicit source for <2% of the mass of visible matter, attention is now shifting to searches for the origin and the explanation of the remaining >98%. That emergent mass is contained within atomic nuclei, which lie at the core of everything we can see. At the first level of approximation, the atomic weight of a nucleus is simply the sum of the masses of all the neutrons...
One of the main questions relating to heavy ion collisions “How much of incident energy is converted into a compression of nuclear matter?” has not found a definite answer yet. Equation of State (EoS) which describes density dependence of the energy density achieved in a hot and dense nuclear matter is not specified yet for heavy ion collisions. High compression should change both the initial...
The neutral pion two gamma decay amplitude is determined by the Chiral anomaly. Recent calculations made within Chiral Perturbation Theory predict this value at percent level accuracy. Precise determination of this decay width gives a possibility to check the theoretical calculations. The PrimEx experiment used the Primakoff effect to measure neutral pion radiative decay width. The final...
It is entirely plausible that during the primordial quark – hadron phase transition, microseconds after the Big Bang, the universe may experience supercooling accompanied by mini inflation leading to a first – order phase transition from quarks to hadrons. The relics, in the form of quark nuggets, with baryon number beyond a critical value will survive the evolution of the universe. The quark...
Modern medicine has a large arsenal of equipment for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, which uses sources of ionizing radiation - these are x-ray tubes, natural and artificial isotopes, accelerators. The science of physical radiation and devices, medical diagnostic devices, facilities and technologies, the ability to diagnose and treat diseases of the human body using methods and means of...
In the present work the results of the experimental study of the photoexcitation of isomeric states ${}^{196m}$Au(J=12${}^{-}$) and ${}^{195m}$Au(J=11/2${}^{-}$) in reactions (,n), (,2n) and (n,2n) on the nucleus ${}^{197}$Au in the range 10-35 MeV are presented.
The isomeric yield ratios were measured by the induced radioactivity method. Samples of natural Au have been irradiated in the...
A (3+3)-neutrino model is used to describe the effects of sterile neutrinos in beta-decay and neutrinoless double beta-decay of nuclei. This model was detailed in [1] and includes three active neutrinos να (α = e, , ) and three new sterile neutrinos: a sterile neutrino νs, a hidden neutrino νh and a dark neutrino νd. The 66 mixing matrix Umix is used in the model. The values of mixing...
The relative angle correlation of intermediate mass fragments has been studied for C(22 GeV) + Au collisions at the Dubna Nuclotron with the FASA [1] 4pi detector array. Strong suppression at small angles is observed caused by IMF-IMF Coulomb repulsion. Experimental correlation function is compared to that obtained by the multibody Coulomb trajectory calculations with the various decay time of...
Исследование и применение свойств геометрии Лобачевского для описания релятивистских ядерных реакций. Рассматриваются свойства инклюзивного и множественного рождения частиц, полученных при помощи пузырьковых камер и современных экспериментов в условиях геометрии, близкой к 4π. Рассматривается фундаментальная связь между свойствами пространства Лобачевского и релятивистскими явлениями....
Рассматривается автомодельное описание релятивистских ядерных столкновений. Автомодельный подход иллюстрируются широким набором экспериментальных данных по кумулятивным, подпороговым процессам, а также реакциям с рождением частиц с большими поперечными импульсами. Рассматриваются критерии применимости понятия «элементарная частица». Обсуждается принцип редукционизма и соотношения между...
Deep subthreshold production processes of J/Psi and muon pairs and cold dense baryonic matter are proposed to study at a NICA fixed target experiment FITNEX. Such studies should be very sensitive to cold dense baryonic matter and can be complimentary to upcoming MPD, SPB and BM@N experiments at NICA.
Stable isotope selenium-82 is a perspective object for double beta decay investigations and searches for neutrinoless transition. It is used as a 2-source in large-scale projects - NEMO-3, SuperNEMO, CUPID-0. In the recent experimental works [1,2] two-neutrino channel for 82Se was examined in order to determine nuclear mechanism of 22-decay. The question is whether contribution of the...
Asymmetric fission process observed in decay of neutron-deficient nuclei lying in sub-lead (Pb) region provoked intensive investigations of fission process of these nuclei [1, 2]. Mass-energy and angular distributions of fission fragments of neutron-deficient 180, 190Hg composite systems formed in the reactions 36Ar + 144, 154Sm, 68Zn + 112Sn were measured using two-arm time-of-flight...
It is expected that PIK reactor, being a powerful source of neutrons, will be able to produce exotic neutron-rich nuclides in quantities greater than ever achievable or expected at other planned facilities. If one use extremely sensitive equipment, synergy can be achieved in the study of the properties of nuclides, including as yet unknown ones. Such extraordinary sensitivity on the level of...
Изучение образования протонов в адрон- и ядро-ядерных соударениях при высоких энергиях позволяет получить ценную информацию о вкладах различных механизмов их происхождения. Особый интерес представляет сравнительный анализ различных характеристик протонов в изотопически сопряженных реакциях – в рС- и nC-соударениях при одинаковых энергиях. Такое сравнение позволяет, в частности, изучить...
One of the numerous perspective experimental implementations of the high-flux PIK- research reactor in Gatchina (Russian Federation) is connected with high-precision mass spectroscopy measurements, at the future planned facility PITRAP[1], of beta-unstable short-lived exotic nuclides. The study and measurement of the basic physical properties of exotic nuclides far from the line of stability...
Mechanism of simultaneous non-sequential four-neutron (4$n$) emission (or "true" 4$n$-decay) has been considered in phenomenological five-body approach.
This approach is analogous to the model of the direct decay to the continuum often applied to 2$n$- and 2$p$-decays. It is demonstrated that 4$n$-decay fragments should have specific energy and angular correlations reflecting strong...
Since the production and hadronisation of heavy-flavour quarks is well-separated within the evolution of a high-energy particle collision, the resulting yields and kinematics of heavy-flavoured hadrons are valuable signals to gain insight in the underlying processes and dynamics of a hadronic collision.
In this contribution, an overview of recent results on heavy-flavour hadron production...
Iron-based alloys are important construction materials which are widely used in science and industry. Information about cross-sections of different nuclear reactions on iron is needed to accurate modeling of different nuclear facilities, elemental analysis and other applications. From theoretical point of view, experimental cross-sections are needed to ajust optical potentials for incoming and...
The excitation of nucleon resonances (N*) by real and virtual photons is an important source of information on the structure of excited nucleon states and dynamics of the nonperturbative strong interaction underlying the resonance generation from quarks and gluons [1, 2]. This information has already become available from the nucleon resonance electroexcitation amplitudes ($\gamma_v p N^*$...
BM@N is a really working fixed target experiment considered as a first step towards a fulfil realization of physics program at the NICA accelerator complex (Dubna, Russia). It has an extensive physics program to be investigated. Estimation of yields of strange particles in the BM@N energy range ($E_{lab} = 2 - 6$ AGeV) is considered as a point of utmost importance due to lack of measurements....
Penning trap is a powerful device for measuring properties of ions and
subatomic particles. Presently it can reach the highest accuracy in a
determination of the mass of a nuclide.
The typical Penning-trap system for on-line mass measurements requires two
dedicated traps. The first trap – preparation trap (PT) – serves for the
purification and cooling of the captured ions via the...
Dressed quarks with dynamically generated masses shape the structure of the ground and excited nucleon states (N*) as their active constituents. The generation of >98% of hadron mass and the emergence of quark-gluon confinement are encoded in the momentum dependence of dressed quark mass. Experimental studies of electroexcitation amplitudes of prominent nucleon resonances in a broad range of...
Successful applications of the total absorption $\gamma$-spectroscopy $(TAGS)$ for the $\beta$-decay strength function $S_{\beta}(\textit{E})$ resonance structure study, methods of $TAGS$ spectra interpretation, and results of analysis of $S_{\beta}(\textit{E})$ structure for the Gamow-Teller $(GT)$ $ \beta^{+}/EC$ and $\beta^{-}$ -decays were summarized in [1,2]. Development of...
The $\beta$-decay strength function $S_{\beta}(\textit{E})$ governs [1,2] the nuclear energy $\textit{E}$ distribution of elementary charge-exchange excitations and their combinations like proton particle $({\pi}p)$-neutron hole $({\nu}h)$ coupled into a spin-parity $I^{\pi}$: $[{\pi}p \otimes {\nu}h]I^{\pi}$ and neutron particle $({\nu}p)$-proton hole $({\pi}h)$ coupled into a spin-parity...
The GALS set-up [1] uses a high-pressure gas cell for stopping heavy ion reaction products. In the dense ionized medium initially high-charged reaction products thermalize and neutralize. By the gas flow they move to the electrically isolated ion-free region, where part of them selec-tively reionize using three step laser resonant ionization process.
To perform an effective mass...
The e+e- -> n+anti-n cross section has been measured in the experiment at the VEPP-2000 e+e- collider with the SND detector. The technique of the time measurements in the multichannel NaI(Tl) electromagnetic calorimeter is used to select n+anti-n events. The measured value of the cross section in the energy range from the threshold up to 2 GeV is of order of 0.5 nanobarn, what corresponds to...
Relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments are aimed to study the properties of nuclear matter under extreme conditions, i.e. high baryon density and/or temperature, and to understand the underline mechanism of transition from quark-gluon to hadron matter. The phase transition may leave imprints on space and time characteristics of particle-emitting source that can be measured using...
The ranges in aluminum of radon and mercury isotopes, produced in xn-evaporation channels of the complete fusion reactions $^{40}$Ar+$^{144}$Sm, $^{36}$Ar+$^{148}$Sm, $^{40}$Ca+$^{144}$Nd, $^{48}$Ca+$^{142}$Nd and $^{40}$Ar+$^{166}$Er, have been measured in energy range of $0.12-0.25$ MeV/amu. The energies of the primary beams, delivered by the cyclotron U-400M, were measured by the...
The future heavy-ion collider NICA (JINR, Dubna) will provide a variety of beam species in the energy range of 4 – 11 GeV. New experimental data on strangeness production and event-by-event fluctuations from NICA allow addressing important QCD properties such as the nature of the deconfinement phase transition and existence of the Critial End Point (CEP). Heavy-ion collisions at NICA will be...
We estimate the yields of particles at central rapidities and large transverse momenta in the region outside NN-kinematics (the so-called cumulative region) in AuAu collisions, which in principle may be observed by MPD and SPD detectors at the NICA collider facility. We suppose that particles is this kinematical region are produced due to scattering from the clusters of cold dense quark-gluon...
The experiment directed to the study of a new carbon nanomaterials application was performed on the U-400M heavy ion beam at MASHA facility, FLNR, JINR. In the present speech a new technical improvements will be discussed such as usage of thin carbon nanotubes paper (thickness 6.4 mg/cm2) and graphene (thickness 1.1 mg/cm2) in reaction products catcher block unit. The main goal of the...
The Molybdenum nucleus, (protons numbers Z=42 and mass A= 83-115) has 33 isotopes of which 7 are natural (A=92, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100) and four isomers. The first 6 natural isotopes are stable but the nucleus with A=100 is unstable with the time of life of 7.8 1018 y. The isotopes with A=100 is a fission product and it is used in medicine.
Nuclear reactions induced by fast neutrons are of...
The $\beta$-transition probability is proportional to the product of the lepton part described by the Fermi function $f( \textit{Q}_{\beta} - E)$ and the nucleon part described by the $\beta$-decay strength function $S_{\beta}(\textit{E})$, where $E$ is the excitation energy in daughter nuclei and $ \textit{Q}_{\beta}$ is the total energy of $\beta$-decay.
The previously dominant statistical...
Inclusive differential cross sections for the forward production of charged hadrons and nuclei are measured in $CC$-interactions depending on their momentum at beam energy 20.5 GeV/nucleon ($\sqrt{S_{NN}}=$6.3 GeV). The measurements have been performed at the U-70 Accelerator Complex (Protvino) using a combined spectrometer on base of beamline 22. Particle selection was carried out by...
Although the start-up of the MPD experiment is still ahead, the work on the preparation and physics validation of the future detector upgrade program has already been initiated.
As one of the possible MPD upgrade steps, an Inner Tracking System (ITS) based on the next generation silicon pixel detectors is being considered to be installed between the beam pipe and the Time Projection...
The SIDDHARTA-2 and AMADEUS collaborations aim to provide experimental information on the low-energy strong interaction between antikaons and nucleons. The investigation of the antikaons dynamics in nuclear medium is fundamental for understanding the non-perturbative QCD in the strangeness sector, with implications going from the domain of nuclear physics to astrophysics. The DA$\Phi$NE...
During the radiometry of emission fluxes by recording the sequence of counts $\textit{K}({\Delta}{t})$ in time intervals ${\Delta}{t}$ the procedure of forming the sequence of random vectors $(n_{0}{...}n_{i}{...}n_{l})_j$ is performed, where $n_{i}$ $(k_{i}=i)$ is a random number of equal values of $k_{i}$ in one random sample of the size $n=n_{0}+{...}n_{i}+{...}n_{l}$. With a small sample...
A study of the cross-sections and level filling yields of high-spin isomeric states provides information about the structure of excited levels in the continuous and discrete regions of excitation, as well as about the mechanisms of nuclear reactions. Therefore, the aim of our work is to study the $^{178m}$Ta and $^{180m}$Hf yields in reactions with bremsstrahlung with energies ranged in the...
Charged pion momentum spectra in 12C fragmentation at a laboratory angle of 3.5o on Be target were measured in the FRAGM experiment at ITEP TWA heavy ion facility. Carbon beam energy was 3.2 GeV/nucleon. Positive pions were identified on severe proton background by TOF and Cherenkov counters. Yields of positive and negative pions have been measured up to 5.2 GeV/c momentum, which is...
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions provide a unique opportunity to study nuclear matter under
extreme density and temperature. The study of the strangeness production is of particular interest. Since strange hadrons are initially not present but created during the heavy-ion collision, the strangeness is one among the most sensitive probes for the deconfinement phase transition as
well as for...
A research of the cross-sections and level filling yields of high-spin isomeric states in reactions with the emission of charged particles allows one to obtain diverse information both about the structure of excited levels in the continuous and discrete regions of excitation and about the mechanisms of nuclear reactions. Therefore, the aim of our work is to study the production yields of...
Manufacturing of ionizing radiation source Ir-192 activity 50100 Ci has been begun that 20-30 pieces of disks of natural iridium (=2.7 mm, h=0.2 mm, m=31.7 mg) was placed in aluminum foil packing, then aluminum container with packaging in vertical channel of the WWR-SM reactor was irradiated by neutrons at following regime: special container EK-10 with iridium disks loading place is into...
Hypernuclei provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the properties of baryon-baryon interaction. Exotic systems with a neutron or proton excess are of particular interest. The response of weakly bound nuclear states to hyperon addition is determined by the core polarization by the hyperon [1]. Due to the glue-like role of the Λ-hyperon, there is a chance to stabilize loosely bound...
First data on the high pt cumulative K+/- and anti-proton particles produced at angle of 40 deg. (lab.syst.) in proton-nucleus interaction are presented. The anti-proton, pion and K-meson inclusive cross-sections in proton interactions with C, Al, Cu and W targets at 50 GeV/c were investigated. The available pt range 0.6 < pt <2.7 GeV/c exceeds free proton – nucleon kinematic limit (2.3 GeV/c...
The Multi-Purpose Detector(MPD) is being constructed to study the properties of extremely dense nuclear matter formed in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at the NICA collider energies.The yields of strange and charmed particles are the important observables sensitive to critical phenomena in phase transitions of the QGP-matter at high net-baryon density. Highly efficient registration of...
Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) is a fixed target experiment at the NICA - Nuclotron accelerator complex (JINR). It is aimed at studies of nuclear – nuclear (up to gold-gold) collisions at high densities. The Nuclotron provides heavy ion beams with energies from 2.3 to 3.5 GeV, which is suitable for studies of strange mesons and multi–strange hyperons produced in nucleus-nucleus...
Search for new dibaryons was carried out in [1, 2]. It was found that the data of two independent experiments [3, 4] might give an affirmative answer to this question. Furthermore, the data from [1] and [2] are in a so striking agreement that their incidental coincidence should be considered as a marvel. On this basis, it is reasonable to assume existence in an excited neutron-proton system a...
The last two decades have seen the considerable success of non-monotonic (NM) and modified single-folded (MSF) potentials in describing the alpha-induced elastic scattering and non-elastic processes which exhibit a distinctive feature of anomaly in large angle scattering (ALAS). The ALAS effect cannot be explained by the Woods-Saxon type of optical model (OM) potential in a consistent manner....
During the decay of Yb and Tm, Er with A = 157, the structure and isomerism of daughter isotopes levels were studied.
An investigation of ${}^{157}$Er decay made it possible to establish a scheme of ${}^{157}$Ho excited states in the energy range up to 3 MeV.
The spectra of gamma rays, electrons, and gamma-gamma coincidence were studied.
The obtained experimental results were compared...
A W-Be-photoneutron neutron source IN-LUE based on a linear electron accelerator was created and installed at the Institute for Nuclear Research of RAS [1]. The shape of the neutron spectrum and flux estimation was obtained earlier as a result of simulation [2]. Due to the impossibility of measuring the neutron spectrum in a wide range of energies within the source, various methods of spectrum...
The article describes the main characteristics of small-sized semiconductor spectrometers for performing real-time measurements directly in the channels of nuclear physics facilities and the results of their application.
Variants of using such spectrometers in experiments on an electron accelerator are considered.
The local canonical growth of gravitational 3 dimensinal commuting space dependent
gauge fields is shown to be constructable in a canonical way which can well be chosen to include all gaugefield pertaining to gravity in a unique way comptible with renormqlizable structure, which however necessarily contqin nonperturbqtive regions, not easily displying excludively perturbative approximation
The experiment $^{9}$Be(d,d')$^{9}$Be at E(d) = 23 MeV was carried out at the HI-13 tandem accelerator, China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing. Two different method of detection were used: Q3D spectrometer at forward angles and strip detectors ($\Delta$E-E) at medium and large angles. Following excited states are seen in experimental spectra: g.s, 2.43, 2.78, 3.05, 3.82, 4.7, 5.59,...
The Neutrino-4 collaboration plans to modernize the existing installation and create a second neutrino laboratory at reactor СМ-3 and a second neutrino detector with increased sensitivity.
To improve the result, in addition to continuing the current experiment, a new study with an improved neutrino detector is also necessary. The project of the new neutrino laboratory at the СМ-3...
The atmospheric neutrino flux represents a continuous source that can be exploited to infer properties about Cosmic Rays and neutrino oscillation physics.The JUNO observatory, a 20 kt liquid scintillator currently under construction in China, will be able to detect the atmospheric flux, given the large fiducial volume and the excellent energy resolution. The light produced in neutrino...
The aim of this work was to measure the parameters of Si detectors and study their dependences on the bias voltage. It was measured the amplitude and time resolution, signal-to-noise ratio in the fast and slow channels, the value of the signal front and surface temperature for each detector.
When studying reactions on light nuclei at the SINP accelerator we use a two-arm spectrometer...
The experiment was performed on a α-particle beam extracted from the isochronous cyclotron U-150M of the Institute of Nuclear Physics (Almaty, Kazakhstan).
The differential cross sections of tritons from the 11B (α, t) reaction with transitions to the ground (0+) and to excited states of the 12C nucleus at Ex = 4.44 MeV (2+), 7.65 MeV (0+), 9.64 MeV (3-) and 14.08 MeV (4+) MeV have been...
The study of nuclear matter is one of the most interesting branches of nuclear physics from a theoretical and experimental point of view. Especially it goes quite capacious when the internal structure of studying nuclei is extraordinary. As an example can be nuclei in follow: ${}^{6}$He and ${}^{6}$Li, which are unstable and have a Borromean structure; ${}^{9}$Be having also Borromean...
We study the important role of magnetic field on one of the indirect signature of quark gluon plasma as equation of state. The magnetic field plays an important role in producing the equation of state of QGP using simple phenomenological model. The results are significant at RHIC and LHC.
Currently, the most studied are (γ, $n$)- and (γ, γ')-reactions. Reactions with the release of charged particles, especially for light nuclei, are much less studied. The main reason for this is the lower cross-sections of these channels in comparison with the (γ, $n$)-reactions due to the Coulomb barrier. At the same time, the study of photonuclear reactions with the release of charged...
The total systematic uncertainty of the neutrino flux in accelerator-based neutrino experiments is dominated by the Monte Carlo modeling of hadronic interactions. Direct hadron production measurements for T2K and Fermilab neutrino experiments, MINER$\nu$A, NO$\nu$A and DUNE, are being performed at the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron. Crucial for improving neutrino...
The event of astroparticle collision at high energy was detected in 1975 during
the balloon flight in the stratosphere. The hundred particle tracks in x-ray films have been re-analyzed in the style of LHC experiments: rapidity distributions of charged particles and transverse mass spectra of multiparticle production have been built. The comparison of rapidity-and-transverse-mass histograms...
The current theory of scintillation spectrometers with one photodetector, the quintessence of which is generalized in the book [1], has a number of fundamental drawbacks. The correct mathematical description of the process of converting the energy of a primary particle into the signal at the output of a scintillation spectrometer allows overcoming these drawbacks. In this work, the...
Recently a strong disagreement between the theoretical prediction [1] of the specific difference of hyperfine splittings in H-like and Li-like $^{209}$Bi ions and the experiment was found [1]. This problem was called the “hyperfine puzzle”. We have shown [3] that the reason of the discrepancy was caused by the inaccurate "standard" value of the magnetic moment of the $^{209}$Bi nucleus, which...
6Li(d,xt) reaction total cross sections were measured at electrostatic tandem accelerator EGP-10 (RFNC-VNIIEF) at 2.5-12 MeV deuteron energy (fig.1). Secondary activation method proposed by B.Ya. Guzhovskii was used. Cross section was determined by registration of 18F collected yield from 16O(t,n)18F reaction (β+, T1/2=109 min.) produced by 6Li(d,xt) tritons in three quartz tubes situated...
Detection efficiency of a stilbene based neutron detector at neutron energy at 14 MeV for different amplitude thresholds is presented. Experiment was performed in Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia using the VNIIA ING-27 generator of 14 MeV neutrons. Comparisons of the calculated neutron energy spectra with experimental data induced...
Spin amplitudes of pp- and pn elastic scattering contain important information on the dynamics of the NN interaction. Systematic information on these amplitudes is accumulated in the SAID data base [1] and available up to kinetic energy 3 GeV for pp and 1.2 GeV for pn scattering. At higher energies there are only non-complete data on pp scattering, whereas information about the pn amplitudes...
Search for spatial parity and time-invariance violation is one of the most topical fields of particle physics. Observation of P,T-invariance violation at atomic and molecular physics may lead to some new restrictions for Standard Model extensions and even be indirect evidence of unknown particles existence. So, precise theoretical and experimental study of molecular electronic structure is...
In kilonova, two neutron stars merge or a black hole absorbs neutron star. In this case, extreme physical conditions arise: in a kilonova substance it can be extremely high temperatures (up to $10^{10}$ K) and high densities (up to $10^{10}$ $g \cdot cm^{-3}$). The consequence of such an extreme state of matter may be the intensification of nuclear fusion processes. This also applies to the...
Structure of nuclei near Z=50 proton magic shell closure and neutron number near Z=64 subshell closure are found to exhibit the single-particle structure that coexist with the collective structure and therefore, gives the possibility to investigate both the structures within the single nuclear system [1-3]. The collective band structures have been systematically observed in both odd-odd and...
Performed an optical-model analysis (description) of proton elastic scattering at 50 keV to 200 MeV proton energy Ep on 6,7Li and 9Be nuclei. There was used an optical-model code OptModel (developed at RFNC-VNIIEF) where resonance part of elastic scattering was taken into account. Energy dependences of optical potential parameters from [2] with our modifications were used. All obtainable data...
The HERMES experiment has collected a wealth of data using the 27.6 GeV polarized HERA lepton beam and various polarized and unpolarized gaseous targets. This allows for a series of unique measurements of observables sensitive to the multidimensional (spin) structure of the nucleon, in particular semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) measurements, for which the HERMES dual-radiator...
I. N. Borzov1,2, Yu. S. Lutostansky1, G. A. Koroteev3, V. . Tikhonov1, S. V. Tolokonnikov1,3, A. N. Fazliakhmetov1,4 1 National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia 2Bogolubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia 3 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia 4 Institute...
The new semiconductor detectors, which, based on CdZnTe crystals and CeBr3
scintillator, are presented in this work. The spectroscopic setup for testing measurements
was created, which consists of CdZnTe, CeBr3, and Si (measuring α and γ)
detectors. The main characteristics of these detectors including enegy resolution
FWHM/Eγ (keV) and efˇciency ε(%) were investigated and determined....
The process of double neutrinoless e-capture is of great interest as a test of the Majorana nature of neutrino. This process is traditionally considered as as a resonance one, since not a single particle is emitted as a result of the nuclear transformation [1]. For this reason, it cannot occur in bare nuclei, even if the energy release Q > 0. In contrast, we performed calculations of the...
Beside of the general interest to structure of the light exotic nuclei 10Li attracts attention of theoreticians as well as experimentalists because this nucleus is a binary subsystem of famous halo-nuclei 11Li. Last time many experiments were devoted to study the structure of low energy spectrum of 10Li but to the moment the status is far from consensus, even the spin-parity of the ground...
The main goal of study the relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies of accelerator facility NICA (4−11 GeV) is to explore the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net baryon chemical potential and moderate temperatures. The anisotropic collective flow is one of the important observables sensitive to transport properties of strongly interacting matter created in such collisions. The MPD...
The results of theoretical calculation of the neutron transfer and nuclear breakup for the $^{11}$Li+$^{28}$Si reaction at energy range 1–55 MeV/nucleon are presented. The total cross sections for the $^{11}$Li+$^{28}$Si reaction are calculated based on a numerical solving of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the external weakly bound neutrons of the projectile nucleus $^{11}$Li....
As part of the preparations for the LHC Run 3 and 4, the ALICE experiment at CERN is undertaking a thorough upgrade of the setup. In particular, all ALICE subsystems have to cope with the increased interaction rate of 50 kHz in Pb-Pb and up to 1 MHz in pp collisions. Compared to Run 2, this is up to two orders of magnitude more collisions. Although the solution for the majority of ALICE...
The direct ${}^3$He(α,γ)${}^7$Be radiative capture reaction is studied in the framework of two- and three-body potential cluster models [1,2]. E1 and E2 transitions are described at the long-wavelength approximation. The two-body model is based on a simple Gaussian form $α^{3}$He-potential of Dubovichenko $V_{D}^{a}$ from Ref.[1], with a modification in d waves. The new potential parameters...
$\ \ \ $We investigated the effect of two processes on the natural beta decay of a neutron: photobeta decay and inverse internal bremsstrahlung. The diagram of the latter process is topologically equivalent to that of internal bremsstrahlung in beta decay, but only with absorption of a photon by the beta electron. Both processes make it possible to take into account the effect of the thermal...
We present the first measurements of diffraction in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=8.16$ TeV proton-lead collisions with CMS. The very large angular coverage of CMS is used to tag rapidity gaps on both the proton-going and lead-going sides and to identify both pomeron-lead and pomeron-proton topologies. Since the previous highest energy measurement of these processes was at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=30$ GeV, the current...
An overview of experimental results on the level structure of heavy helium isotope 8He, obtained in the reactions of the stopped pion absorption by light nuclei, is presented. Excited states of the 8He were observed in several reaction channels on the 9Be, 10,11B and 12C nuclei: 9Be(pi-,p)8He, 10B(pi-,pp)8He, 11B(pi-,pd)8He, 11B(pi-,3He)8He, 12C(pi-,p3He)6He, 14C(pi-,d4He)8He and...
The radiation processing of food products is one of the most effective and universal technologies for extending the shelf life of meat and meat products during storage [1-4]. More than 1.3 million tons of various agricultural and food products, including meat, are irradiated annually in the world [5,6].
Currently, it has become a priority to optimize the exposure parameters, such as...
The unbound heavy helium isotope $^{9}$He was discovered in pion double charge exchange reaction $^{9}$Be($\pi^{-}$,$\pi^{+}$)$^{9}$He at E$_{\pi}$ = 194 MeV [1]. Despite a significant number of experiments performed to date, the problem of the level structure of $^{9}$He remains open [2, 3]. In particular, the energy and quantum numbers of the ground state are undefined. The studied range of...
The study of reaction T(${}^{1}$H, $\gamma$)${}^{4}$He is of interest both for nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics. In nuclear astrophysics, it is necessary to get more accurate data about the rates of primordial synthesis reactions, which cause the synthesis of ${}^{4}$He [1,2]. In nuclear physics, there are several theoretical predictions of this reaction cross-section and S-factor...
The DANSS detector is located under a commercial reactor core at the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant. DANSS position below industrial reactor core provides overburden about 50 m. w. e. in vertical direction. So in terms of cosmic rays it occupies an intermediate position between surface and underground detectors. The core of the detector is a cubic meter of plastic scintillator with fine...
Ionizing radiation is commonly used to suppress the activity of phytopathogens in foodstuffs [1-3]. According to international standards, electron linear accelerators (linacs) with the energy up to 10 MeV are recommended as a safe and reliable technic for irradiation treatment of a wide range of agricultural products [4-6].
It is known that 10 MeV electrons have the penetration depth up to 10...
The $^{2}H(d,p)^{3}H$ and $^{2}H(d,n)^{3}He$ fusion reactions at low energies are relevant in pure and applied physics. These reactions took place in the first minutes during the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and occur in the early phases of stellar burning. Active discussion [1] is being made to encourage scientists in research in the field.
The low-energy regime (tens to hundreds of keV)...
Short range correlated (SRC) NN pairs play an important role in structure of atomic nuclei and are studied in many nuclear centers using electron beams [1]. A new step was done at BM@N in JINR [2] where the reaction $^{12}$C+p→$^{10}$A+pp+N is studied using the $^{12}$C beam at energy of 4 GeV/nucleon at kinematics providing interaction of the hydrogen target with the SRC pair in the...
Clusters of gas atoms are a large class of molecules interacting via van der Waals type potentials. Some weakly bound clusters show universal characteristics and scale invariants related to the famous Efimov effect [1], which was experimentally confirmed in an ultracold gas of the Cs atoms [2]. The helium trimer system has been long considered as an ideal candidate for observing Efimov states....
In nuclear and high energy physics many processes have statistical nature. In current paper statistical data analysis is considered in a nuclear spectrometry problem of radioactive element masses estimation.
The problem was solved independently by means of R programming language and using ROOT package libraries. Based on the lines of calibration Eu-152 and Am-241 sample, several variants of...
Studying charge-exchange reactions allows one to study the structure of a nucleus and understand the mechanism of the ongoing reaction.
In the charge-exchange reactions (p, n) and (3He, t) at low energy of bombarding particles on nuclei with even mass, isobar-analog and other excited states have been observed and identified. The reaction (3He, t) has certain advantages over the (p, n)...
The production of heavy flavor mesons in pp and p-Pb collisions at LHC energy is considered in the Monte Carlo model [1,2] with the string fusion. In the model, the elementary partonic collisions are implemented as interactions of color string, and the particle production is implemented using a string mechanism. The particle differentiation is implemented according to the Schwinger mechanism...
The study of the cluster structure of light nuclei is one of the fundamental problems of nuclear physics. The cluster structure of $^6\text{Li}$ nucleus was a subject of many experimental and theoretical studies, for example [1-3]. The cluster configurations of $^6\text{Li}$ excited states can be either two-cluster ($^4\text{He}+d$, $^5\text{He}+p$, $^5\text{Li}+n$, $^3\text{He}+t$), or...
Metal threads are strips of metal used either as an independent thread, or twisted around a silk core. They have been used to decorate textiles since ancient times. Typical sizes of threads of 16-17th centuries were 130-420 um width and 3-15 um thickness. A base metal was copper or silver. Some of threads were gilded on two or only one side.
All known publications [1, 2, 3, etc.] agree that...
The SPD and BM@N detectors of the Nuclotron-NICA accelerator complex at JINR are designed to operate at relatively high luminosities, which potentially significantly expands their physical program. The presented report is intended to stimulate the development of models and the development of experiments that are adequate to these capabilities. The report discusses the influence of...
The nuclear isomeric state ${}^{186m}$Re with an energy of 149 keV and a half-life of 2×$10^{5}$ years is of great interest for experiments on the stimulation of de-excitation of nuclear isomers in plasma [1, 2]. In this work, the possibility of reactor production of a substance with a high concentration of ${}^{186m}$Re isomer is considered. A cross section of about 0.3 barn of excitation of...
One of the fundamental physical limits on the speed of the time evolution of a quantum state is known in the form of the celebrated Mandelstam-Tamm inequality. This inequality gives an answer to the question on how fast can an isolated quantum system evolve from its initial state to an orthogonal one. Extensions of the Mandelstam-Tamm inequality give optimal speed bounds for the evolution...
The PHENIX experiment aims to study the hot and dense state of strongly interacting matter produced in high energy heavy ion collisions, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Measurements of proton production, when contrasted with light meson production, provide excellent opportunities to study the constituent quark number dependence of certain observables. In this talk, we present a systematic study...
Calculation of vibrational-rotational bound states and metastable states of a diatomic beryllium molecule important for laser spectroscopy [1] are presented. The solution to the problem is performed using the potential curve given in [2,3] and the authors' software package that implement the iteration Newton method and the high-accuracy finite element method [4]. The efficiency of the...
The reactor production of the nuclear high-spin isomer ${}^{178m2}$Hf ($T_{1/2}$ = 31 years) was considered. According to [1], in the inelastic scattering of neutrons by ${}^{178}$Hf and in the (n, 2n) reaction by ${}^{179}$Hf, the ${}^{178m2}$Hf isomer is not formed, because this requires the transfer of too large angular momentum to the nucleus. For the formation of the ${}^{178m2}$Hf in the...
The hoard near the village of Sosnovaya Maza in the Saratov region in the Lower Volga was found in 1901. The Sosnovaya Maza hoard mostly contains sickles (44 in total) but also celts, daggers and fragments. Practically all artifacts of this assemblage are kept in the State Historical Museum in Moscow, several items from the assemblage are now in the Saratov local lore museum and the Khvalynsk...
Three-atomic molecules at ultralow energies are of a great interest in both experiment and theory.
The ability to control the scattering length in ultracold gases make these systems ideal candidates for experimental study of Efimov
physics [1]. After the first successful observation of Efimov states in an ultracold Cesium gas [2],
a lot of the experimental evidence for the Efimov states...
"Hot" particles have formed as a result of nuclear weapon testing, accidental releases at nuclear facilities, etc. In studying them much attention is paid to the analysis of transuranic elements (TUE) because they are long-lived alpha-emitting radionuclides, especially $^{238,239,240}$Pu and $^{241}$Am. The current accumulation and increase of the TUE content in the environment require to...
The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment (CBM) at FAIR aims to study the area of the QCD phase diagram at high net baryon densities and moderate temperatures using collisions of heavy ions at center-of-mass energies of a few GeV per nucleon. Anisotropic transverse flow is among the key observables to study the properties of matter created in such collisions. The CBM performance for charged...
Strontium isotopes are used in archaeology, ecology, forensics, and other disciplines to study the origin of artefacts, humans, animals and food items. Strontium in animal and human tissues such as bone and teeth originates from food and drink consumed during life, leaving an isotopic signal corresponding to their geographical origin (i.e. where the plants grew, the animals grazed and the...
An actual problem in studying the interaction of nuclei is the assumption of the non-spherical shape of a particle [1]. Of particular interest is the variation in the scattering cross section. As an example, we consider neutron scattering at U$^{238}$.
![Elastic scattering of neutron at uranium. The solid line represent scattering at spherical potential; the dashed line is result of...
Existing chemical procedures are characterized by ambiguity in determining the content of rhenium due to competing manifestations of other elements. There is a need to develop independent methods for the analysis of rhenium-containing rocks. The complexity of this analysis also lies in the presence of naturally radioactive elements in the samples.
The composition and content of...
The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS has recently extended its
program for the energy scan with Pb ions. In the past, the NA49
experiment, which preceded NA61/SHINE, also recorded data for
Pb-Pb collisions at different energies. Together, the two experiments
cover a wide range of beam energies provided by the CERN SPS in the range 13 - 150 A GeV/c. Analysis of the new NA61/SHINE data...
The large ceramic antique sculpture from the Kerch Bay was studied in detail by the use of modern minimally invasive techniques. Radiocarbon calibrated date of the resin sample selected from the surface of the sculpture was established within V$^{th}$ century BC. The study of provenance of the lead taken from the terracotta cavity was carried out using different modern techniques such as trace...
The long-lived interest to weakly-bound triatomic systems is stimulated by their connection with Efimov physics [1]. While the most studied system is the Helium trimer [2], there is a variety of other systems [3,4] like helium-alkali triatomic molecules under investigation. Although their bound states with zero total orbital momentum lie very close to the breakup threshold, some of those...
Studies of nuclear systems close to and beyond the driplines is an important field of the modern radioactive ion beam studies. Because of paring and clusterization effects the lowest threshold in the dripline systems are often few-body thresholds (2p, 2n, 4p, 4n, etc.). This lead to emergence near such thresholds of states having expressed few-cluster structure or/and corresponding few-body...
Of great interest are nuclides, in which there are excited state with extremely low energies, within the scale of e few eV or keV: 201Hg, 189Os, 237Np, 235U, 229Th and other nuclides. Such levels are isomeric owing to small their energies. They effectively mix up with close atomic levels, forming resonances in the optical domain [1]. This gives the chance to operate with the lifetimes of these...
The results of a comprehensive study of red wax pendant seals attached to the Russian documents of the late 15th - early 18th centuries are presented. Seals of adjacent territories were used for comparison of dyeing technologies for Western European and Russian wax seals.
Since the seals included a variety of organic and inorganic materials according to historical recipes, the set of methods...
A central goal of current relativistic heavy-ion experiments is to study the properties of the hot and dense QCD matter. Such studies can give provide on the QCD phase diagram, as well as the transport coefficients of the strongly-coupled Quark Gluon Plasma (sQGP). Anisotropic flow measurements of identified particles play an essential role in such studies.
We report on the results of the...
For investigation of 14.1-MeV neutron-induced nuclear reactions, at Frank Laboratory of
Neutron Physics (FLNP) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), a project TANGRA
(Tagged Neutrons & Gamma Rays) was created [1].
In the framework of this project, we are investigating the energy and angular distributions of
the characteristic gamma-rays raising from the inelastic scattering...
The experiment was carried out at the electron accelerator (JINR, Dubna).
We studied the reaction products inside thin ${}^{238}$U sample irradiated by secondary gamma created from lead target by electron beam [1,2].
The mass distribution of uranium fission products on electron beam at energy of 140 MeV is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Fission product yield of ${}^{238}$U on electron beam...
The recent results [1,2] of the dibaryon model for nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction are presented. The model is based on a mechanism with the intermediate six-quark (dibaryon) state formation. Thus, the total Hamiltonian of the system has a two-channel matrix form where the external channel corresponds to the ordinary relative motion of two nucleons and the internal channel takes into account...
In the framework of collaboration with the Institute of Archeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and FLNP, JINR experiments to study the materials found during archaeological excavations were conducted. The measurements were carried out at the IREN facility in FLNP. The method of neutron resonance capture analysis was used to determine the elemental composition of the samples. The...
The future MPD experiment at the NICA collider is going to explore the dense hadronic matter produced in heavy-ion collisions in the energy range 4-11 GeV and search for signs of the phase transition to the deconfined quark-gluon plasma state. Measurements of soft thermal photon spectra via photon conversions can significantly extend the physics program of the MPD experiment, allowing one to...
The pre-compound (PCN) emission has been one of the important mechanisms both in light and heavy ion reactions at relatively high energies above 10 MeV/A. Recent observations of PCN emission even at low incident energies below 10 MeV/A, where evaporation process dominates, have renewed interest to carry out further research in the aforesaid reaction mechanism[1-2]. Plenty of experimental data...
Systems of particles with a low binding energy and a wave function that is widely distributed in space are considered in this work. The study of these systems is not an easy task and requires different approaches, solution methods and additional computational recourses. Extensive studies of weakly bound systems have been conducted in recent times [1,2,3].
The goal of the work is the...
The short-lived resonances have always played an important role in the physical programs of heavy-ion experiments. The resonances measured in the hadronic decay channels probe the strangeness production, the hadronization mechanisms at intermediate and high transverse momenta, rescattering and regeneration effects in the hadronic phase of nucleus-nucleus collisions at various energies....
The possibility of using the photonuclear multiparticle reaction 27Al(γ,2pn)24Na (Eth = 31.4 MeV) as a monitor of the flux of γ-quanta with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies Eγmax up to 140 MeV was studied. The aluminum targets were activated by the bremsstrahlung beam at Eγmax = 30-100 MeV using the LUE-40 RDC “Accelerator” NSC KIPT. The γ-radiation spectra of the irradiated 27Al targets...
SCATTERING PROCESSES IN FEW-BODY SYSTEMS WITH NON-ZERO ANGULAR MOMENTUM
Yarevsky E.A. and Yakovlev S.L.
Department of Computational Physics, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: e.yarevsky@spbu.ru
Scattering problems for few-body systems are of great importance for many physical processes. The complicated boundary conditions at large distances, especially for...
One of the first proposed signatures of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation in heavy ion collisions was strangeness enhancement [1]. Due to its strange quark content, the $K^*$ meson is a good probe for the study of the QGP formed in heavy-ion collisions. $K^*$-meson production was previously measured by PHENIX [2] in symmetric Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV [3]. To continue the...
The asymptotic form of the wave function of a few-particle system in the continuum is described. The contribution of the rescattering processes in the leading terms of the asymptotic behavior of the wave function is analyzed. The hyperradial asymptotic behavior of the wave function is found after averaging over the hyperspherical angular variable. The perspective of applications to the...
Joint report.
THE 12C(10B,9Be)13N REACTION STUDY FOR ANC 13N→12C+p EVALUATION
URL: https://indi.to/Dj3HM
TEST OF THE 16O(10B,9Be)17F REACTION FOR ANC 17F→16O+p OBTAINING
URL: https://indi.to/3JMVc
It is shown that there is a possibility of violation of CPT symmetry in the Standard Model which does not contradict to the famous CPT theorem. To check this possibility experimentally it is necessary to increase the precision of measurements of the proton and antiproton mass difference by an order of magnitude
A low-background measurement of hafnium foil using a modified ultra-low-background high purity detector with optimized sample-to-detector geometry was performed at Laboratori Nazionale del Gran Sasso. Radiopurity of the stock Hf foil was studied in detail, in addition to an analysis of data collected over 310 day to search for rare processes that can occur in natural Hf isotopes. Firstly,...
The method of measurements of fast neutron spectra by the hydrogen recoil nuclei is well known. However, when it is used, the problem of background reactions initiated by neutrons in the detector material arises almost always.
To specify these effects we performed a simulation of two-dimensional ΔЕ2 – E spectra formed when neutrons with energies <14 MeV are detected by a telescope of...
In the color string picture with fusion and percolation
the elliptic and triangular flows are studied for p-Au and d-Au collisions at 200 GeV and 5.02 TeV. The ordering $v_n(d-Au)>v_n(p-Au)$ observed experimentally for central collisions is reproduced.The calculated elliptic flow $v_2$ at central collisions agrees satisfactorily with the data. The triangular flow $v_3$ is found to be greater...
Since 1998, experiments on the synthesis of superheavy elements (SHE) have been carried out at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) on a gas-filled recoil separator (DGFRS). The heaviest element 294Og with Z = 118 was registered in 2002, 2005, 2012 and 2015. In all these experiments, 48Ca heavy ion beams accelerated at the...
The existing coverage of the material in the study of ink of Old Russian manuscripts was extremely insufficient to reveal their real information potential [1], in particular, in the identification of different levels of relationships between the dye and the executed text, characteristic for the manuscript culture of Old Rus'.
We propose a comprehensive approach to the laboratory studies of...
Neutron rich mercury isotopes have been studied at CERN-ISOLDE by in-source resonance ionization spectroscopy, determining the change in the mean-square charge radii of 207, 208Hg and magnetic dipole moment of 207Hg. These results reveal a doubling of the growth rate of the mean-square charge radii of mercury isotopes across the N = 126 neutron shell closure. Kinks in charge radii systematics...
Hardware-software complex was used at electrostatic tandem accelerator EGP-10 (RFNC-VNIIEF) [1] for measuring the energy and angular distributions of charged particles produced in nuclear reactions [2]. Renewal of ΔE–E telescopes and modernization of signal registration spectrometer channels were performed.
The new ΔE–E telescope developed at Ioffe Institute RAS, St.-Petersburg includes...
The dynamics of the three-nucleon system can be very extensively tested by means of the deuteron-proton breakup reaction. Experimental studies of the dp system expose various dynamical ingredients, like three-nucleon force (3NF) and Coulomb force, which play an important role in correct description of observables (e.g. cross section). It is worth to underline that experiments with polarized...
The dispersive optical model potential (DOMP) for stable Ca and Zr isotopes was found fitting to the experimental data on the nucleon scattering, single-particle properties, charge density distributions, charge root-mean square radii and neutron skin thickness for $^{40-48}$Ca and $^{90-96}$Zr isotopes. In the present study, the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) and the adiabatic-wave...
The reduced probabilities B{[Eλ(,Mλ); IπK(K=μ) → (IπK)'} of electro-magnetic transitions from excited states into the ground and excited states, as well as structure of low-lying states were calculated for odd-A nuclei: in the region of A=243-269 and Z=96-109. The interaction of quasiparticles and phonons was taken into account. The calculations are performed at equilibrium deformation of...
The paper presents the (n,α) reaction cross section data for zinc isotopes (64Zn and 66Zn). The work was performed at the tandem accelerator IPPE.
In the work, special attention was paid to background neutrons arising from the solid deuterium target. The background component was investigated in detail using a digital neutron spectrometer based on the organic scintillator. The thickness of the...
The new experimental investigation of the (n,γf)-reaction, neutron-induced fission after preliminary emission of gamma-rays [1], have been done in neutron resonances of U-235 in the energy range from thermal to 300 eV. The measurements of fission gamma-ray and prompt neutron multiplicities as well as energy spectra of fission gamma-rays in separated neutron resonances were carried out at the...
One of the most striking discoveries in nuclear physics made at the end of the last century was the discovery of the neutron halo in the ground states of some light nuclei located near the neutron stability boundary.
The discovery of the halo led to a revision of many existing ideas in nuclear physics. The purpose of this research is to search and study halo in isobar - analog states of light...
The Fast Interaction Trigger (FIT) [1] is one of the new detectors being constructed for the upgrade of the ALICE experiment at CERN. FIT is a thoroughly modernized design, combining the functionality of four detectors used by ALICE during LHC Run 2: the T0, V0, AD and FMD. During the upcoming LHC Run 3 and 4, in addition to the multiple triggering tasks, FIT will monitor luminosity, measure...
We calculate the cross sections for reactions of the Y-meson with light mesons. We use effective Lagrangians to calculate the production cross section and also the absorption cross section in the corresponding inverse processes. We considered a mesonic formfactor scheme for the introduction of formfactors for the SU(5) chiral meson Lagrangian approach to the Y breakup cross sections by pion...
I review the role of the Higgs boson as a unique probe of the hidden sector, which has direct implications for dark matter physics and inflation. This framework leads to specific signatures at the LHC.
The Penning-trap mass spectrometer Pentatrap [1] located at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg recently proved its capabilities performing first mass-ratio measurements with a relative uncertainty in the $10^{−11}$ regime using highly charged ions of $^{187}$Re [2] and different xenon isotopes [3]. Pentatrap will continue with mass measurements of dedicated nuclides...
The work presents calculations of the solar neutrino capture cross-section σ(E$_ν$) by $^{98,100}$Mo nuclei. In calculations experimental data on strength function S(E), received in charge-exchange reactions (p, n) [1] and ($^{3}$He, t) [2, 3] were used. Calculations of the charge-exchange strength function S(E) for these nuclei were performed as part of the self-consistent theory of finite...
We present ab initio calculations of resonances for exotic $^7$He, a nucleus with no bound states, using the realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions Daejeon16 [1] and JISP16 [2]. For this, we evaluate the $n{-}{^6\rm He}$ elastic scattering phase shifts obtained within an $S$-matrix analysis of no-core shell model results for states in the continuum (SS-HORSE-NCSM approach [3]).
Results...
Charm quark production occurs via hard scattering processes in relativistic hadron-hadron collisions and is well described by perturbative QCD down to low transverse momenta. These highly virtual quarks subsequently fragment and hadronise. Measurements of charm baryon-to-meson ratio show significant modifications in pp collisions compared to e$^+$e$^-$ [1], prompting further studies into the...
We continue our explorations [1] of the electromagnetic properties of the deuteron with help of the method of unitary clothed transformations (UCTs) [2,3]. It is the case, where one has to deal with the matrix elements $\langle \mathbf P', M'| J^{\mu}(0) | \mathbf P = \mathbf 0, M \rangle$. Here the operator $J^{\mu}(0)$ is the Nöther current density $J^{\mu}(x)$ at the point $x=0$, sandwiched...
Angular distributions of fragments from the neutron-induced fission have been measured for a number of heavy target-nuclei in the energy range 1-200 MeV at the neutron time-of-flight spectrometer GNEIS [1] based on the 1-GeV proton synchrocyclotron of the NRC “Kurchatov Institute” - PNPI (Gatchina). As a result, the anisotropy of fission fragments W(0)/W(90) deduced from the experimental data...
In the talk, it is surveyed the path how to construct the nuclear force theory starting from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) which is considered now as a basic theory of strong interactions in physics. Historically, since the pioneer Yukawa's work by 1935 the nuclear interactions were considered as those originated from meson exchange between nucleons (or, more generally, between baryons). But...
This is a 25 year universary for the simple multiparameter mass formula of CHIPS. The declared mean shell factors withstand for more than 25 years, whilst the number of the measured or estimated mass values is almost doubled. This formula still can be used as a prediction for the short-lived nuclei, which are produced in the high energy nuclear collisions.
$^1$ NRC “Kurchatov institute” – ITEP, Moscow, 11728, Russia;
$^2$ National Research Center “Kurchatov institute”, Moscow, 123182, Russia.
Nucleosynthesis process, supported by multiple neutron captures (r-process) is responsible for the formation in nature more than the half of all the nuclei heavier iron, and the region of its propagation on the map of nuclei lies very close to neutron...
![Fig. 1 Phonon-exchange interactions between nucleons. The rectangle means the effective interaction F of Landau-Migdal. Straight and wavy lines correspond to single-particle and phonon Green functions, circles with a wavy line stand for the amplitude of phonon production g.][1]
The phonon-exchange nuclear interactions (see Fig.1) are investigated and compared to the effective interaction...
The nuclear $^4$He + $^2$H system is of great importance to nuclear astrophysics. Radiative capture proceeding in this system is responsible for production of the $^6$Li nuclei during the primordial nucleosynthesis. In this work, the $^4$He + $^2$H radiative capture is considered from the microscopic viewpoint within a developed approach [1, 2] based on cluster aspects of nuclear structure and...
Many different tumor-targeted strategies have been developed worldwide to limit the side effects and improve the effectiveness of cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, intensity modulated radiation therapy, biology-driven personalized radiotherapy, ion beam radiotherapy, target-alpha-therapy, high intensity focused ultrasound therapy, etc. Recent advances in nanotechnology have also given...
Search for dibaryon resonances in two-nucleon systems has a long history (for review see [1]). At present as one of the most realistic candidate to the dibaryon resonance is considered the $D_{IJ}=D_{03}$ peak observed by WASA@COSY [2] in the total cross section of the reaction of two-pion production $pn\to d\pi^0\pi^0$, here $I$ is the isospin and $J$ is the total angular momentum...
The Hamiltonian of the system with an additional internal degree of freedom is studied. For this purpose, the coupled channel formalism with the total Hilbert space consisting of two subspaces is used. Here, the external subspace corresponds to the relative motion of two particles and the internal one takes into account some other degrees of freedom. In the simplest case, the internal subspace...
Charged particle therapy is a rapidly developing way for tumor treatment. During irradiation, the primary beam interacts with tissues nuclei results in the production of radioactive isotopes and secondary particles emission, e.g. electrons, gammas and neutrons. Estimation of the treatment effect of secondary radiation using only Monte Carlo is not precise and, depends on the type of radiation,...
New semi-conductor spectrometer dedicated to study of α-β-γ angular correlations in 4π-geometry was created in close cooperation between JINR and Baltic Scientific Instruments. The main part of the spectrometer is an HPGe detector that has a segmented N-area with six segments. Each of the segments has an energy resolution (FWHM) better than 1 keV for the energy 122 keV (γ– line of Co-57) and...
The study of cluster properties of various nuclear states is extremely important for nuclear physics as they are manifested at nuclear decay, fusion of colliding nuclei, reactions of knockout and transfer of clusters, etc. As in other fields of light nuclei theory ab initio approaches are actively developing for studying them. [1, 2, 3] These methods are based on solving A-nucleon Schrödinger...
Nowadays, a significant amount of the experimental data in GeV energy range was accumulated both with unpolarised and polarised beams. However, a description of the data faces problems because well developed Faddeev calculation technique cannot be applied at these energies.
In this report we consider deuteron- proton elastic scattering in the relativistic multiple scattering expansion...
The results of research on 17 bronze statues from a collection of the State Museum of Fine Arts A.S. Pushkin are presented.
The analyses of the metal elemental composition in sculptures and objects of decorative and applied art is a relatively young and rapidly developing area of scientific knowledge. This method is effective for identifying the "non-standard" alloy compositions [1]....
The motivation of the present studies is creation of the spontaneous self-supporting currents commonly denoted as Malter effect (ME) in multiwire proportional chambers used at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) beam experiments in European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).
Search for reasons of the origin and analysis of the nature of this effect are necessary for development of procedures...
In this work the measurement of the differential cross sections (DCS) of the proton transfer reaction ${}^{12}$C(${}^{10}$B,${}^{9}$Be${}_{g.s.}$)${}^{13}$N${}_{g.s.}$. has been carried out (Fig. 1) for the ANC ${}^{13}$N${}_{g.s.}$→${}^{12}$C+p obtaining. The experiment was fulfilled at 10B ions beam of the C-200P cyclotron of the Heavy Ion Laboratory (University of Warsaw) at the energy...
In recent decades, the issue of increasing cross sections of the thermonuclear reactions in the low-energy region has become relevant. This phenomenon is associated with the effect of the electron screening, which consists in reducing the Coulomb energy between interacting nuclei by the electrons of the surrounding substance. The study of this phenomenon is important in the astrophysics, since...
The subject of the talk is the theory of the cluster and nucleon spectroscopic factors. A mathematical proof of the necessity for taking into account the channel wave-function renormalization generated by the exchange terms of the antisymmetrization operator is given. This property was ignored in earlier approaches. Unfortunately, the ‘old” version is in use up to now through habit. The...
