FCC Week 2021

28 Jun 2021, 08:30 → 2 Jul 2021, 13:00 Europe/Zurich

Frank Zimmermann (CERN), Michael Benedikt (CERN)

The FCC worldwide community now stands at 144 institutes in 32 countries. The aim of the 2021 collaboration week is to bring together our community to share results, solidify the vision of a circular post-LHC particle-collider research infrastructure, and discuss and plan together for the upcoming study phase that should demonstrate the feasibility of the FCC by the end of 2025.

 

Data Privacy Protection Policy : OC no.11 - Privacy Notice

 

 

 

 

 

	FCCIS – The Future Circular Collider Innovation Study. This INFRADEV Research and Innovation Action project receives funding from the European Union’s H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 951754.
	EASITrain – European Advanced Superconductivity Innovation and Training. This Marie Sklodowska Curie Action (MSCA) Innovative Training Networks (ITN) receives funding from the European Union’s H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 764879.

 

CERN WEBCAM POLICY ORIGINAL.pdf

FCCW2021_ProgrammeOverview

FCCW2021_SpeakerGuide_V0100.pdf

Poster FCCW2021

Monday, 28 June

Plenary session: Welcome

Convener: Philippe CHOMAZ (CEA)

1 Opening, CERN vision and plans until 2025

Speaker: Fabiola Gianotti (CERN)

FCC-week-Fabiola.pdf

FCC-week-Fabiola.ppt

Recording

2 Roadmap for the FCC Feasibility Study

Speaker: Michael Benedikt (CERN)

210624_Roadmap_for_the_FCC_Feasibility_Study_ap.pdf

Recording

3 The status of global FCC collaboration

Speaker: Emmanuel Tsesmelis (CERN)

Recording

Tsesmelis FGC.pdf

4 The FCC-PED Informal Forum of National Contacts

To prepare the Physics/Experiments/Detector aspects of the FCC project, the national contacts (one or two per country) gather regularly to exchange on the progress made in each country, and on how to further increase the collaborative aspects of the project. A short report will be given on the current achievements of the group.

Speaker: Gregorio Bernardi (APC/LPNHE-Paris CNRS/IN2P3)

FCC-week-national-forum-28-06-2021.pdf

Recording

10:40 Break / Pause

Plenary session: Key notes

Convener: Beate Heinemann (DESY and University of Freiburg (Germany))

5 Requirements on FCC-ee from the physics programme

Physics motivation is provided for the choice of energy points, and the target integrated luminosities at each, for FCC-ee operation. The possible benefits of four interaction points, rather than two, are assessed. The requirements on the knowledge of the collision energy are presented, together with the implications for the accelerator. Also discussed are the implications that would arise if a campaign were to be launched to study s-channel Higgs production. Issues related to the acceptance of the detectors are addressed.

Speaker: Guy Wilkinson (University of Oxford (GB))

Recording

requirements_FCCee_june2021_wilkinson.pdf

6 Status of implementation of high-priority Accelerator R&D initiatives

Speaker: Dave Newbold (STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (GB))

LDG_FCC_210628.pdf

Recording

7 ECFA roadmap for Detector R&D and plans for ECFA workshops on an e+e- Higgs/EW/Top factory

Speaker: Karl Jakobs (Albert Ludwigs Universitaet Freiburg (DE))

ECFA_FCC-Week_Jakobs_2021.06.28.pdf

Recording

12:30 Break / Pause

Physics, Experiments & Detectors

Convener: Gavin Salam (University of Oxford)

8 Physics at FCC

In this talk, I will give a broad overview of the physics case for the FCC. I will review the puzzles of the Standard Model and opportunities to go beyond it, and discuss how the FCC plans fit in this context. FCC-ee can provide a major boost to the precision study of the Standard Model and electroweak symmetry breaking, while also offering opportunities to search for new physics. FCC-hh will provide a new energy frontier with potential direct access to new physics, as well as opportunities for further precision measurements, such as the Higgs self-coupling. The combination of the two is a logical path forward that can define the agenda of particle physics well into the 21st century.

Speaker: Matthew Reece (Harvard University)

Recording

Reece_FCC_2021.pdf

9 Physics, Experiments and Detectors pillar: Structure and Objectives

Speaker: Patrick Janot (CERN)

PEDStructureObjectives_28June2021.pdf

Recording

10 Targets, milestones and progress of Physics Performance

Speaker: Patrizia Azzi (INFN Padova (IT))

PPC-FCCWeek-28Jun21.pdf

Recording

15:45 Break / Pause

Physics, Experiments & Detectors

Convener: Joachim Josef Mnich (CERN)

11 What software for 'Higgs and Electroweak Factories’?

The European Strategy Update has indicated an e+e- electroweak and Higgs factory as the next collider to be built in Europe. The proposed projects are usually classified on whether the underlying accelerator machine is linear or circular. For all these possible facilities software is a crucial component to understand the potentiality and issues of the proposed solutions. Despite the differences coming from the underlying collision source, software-wise these facilities have a lot in common, to the point that they are at the core driving engine of a project for a common software for future colliders, key4hep, which aims to succeed where LHC did not completely succeed, i.e. standardising HEP software. In this talk we will present the status of these activities, including the adoption strategies by the various projects, and discuss the challenges ahead, with a particular eye on FCCee.

Speaker: Gerardo Ganis (CERN)

SoftwareEWHiggs-FCCWeek-June2021-GGanis.pdf

12 Detector challenges, towards detector concepts at FCC-ee

Speaker: Paolo Giacomelli (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))

Detector-concepts-FCC-ee.pdf

Recording

13 Update on Snowmass process & US perspectives incl. EIC

Speaker: Tor Raubenheimer (SLAC)

210628 FCC Week Snowmass Raubenheimer.pdf

Recording

14 Global Plans for High Field Magnet R&D

Speaker: Soren Prestemon

Global plans for high-field magnets-final.pdf

Global plans for high-field magnets-final.pptx

Recording

Tuesday, 29 June

FCCIS WP3 (Integrate Europe)

Convener: Friedemann Eder (CERN)

15 Placement: Report from the review and next steps

The FCC infrastructure is based on a 90 to 100 km circumference tunnel, connected via more or less regularly spaced access shafts with up to 12 surface sites. Placement of this infrastructure needs to take into account the underground geological conditions, territorial and environmental constraints as well as the physics performance that can be reached with the colliders. Final optimisation will also have to balance cost, risk and other aspects. Placement studies have commenced already during the conceptual design phase in cooperation with host state authorities. They were supported by civil engineering studies and the development of a geological model for the Geneva basin. Starting from the CDR baseline layout, various geometries and placements have been analysed. They include two different approaches: a mirror-symmetric 12-site layout and a layout with a 90 degrees super-periodicity with 8 sites.

A major layout and placement review was held on 7 and 8 June 2021, bringing together members of the FCC International Advisory Board, representatives of the host states and technical experts to review progress and confirm the methods applied. The development of a preferred scenario to be validated with subsurface investigations and with regional stakeholders is the next logical step.
The purpose of this presentation is to outline the main elements of this project review.

Speaker: Pierre Boillon

FCC-2106140900-PBO_Territorial_Placement_V0004.pdf

Recording

16 Mining the Future - status and progress

Currently excavated material from tunnel construction in EU countries and Switzerland is treated as "waste". In accordance with applicable law, waste is to be disposed of if it is not sent to the end of the waste. The process to obtain the end of waste is not followed in most cases, as it is administratively and technically demanding and is therefore associated with considerable costs. As a result, the use of excavated material is currently not economically viable in most cases. Due to the high volumes of "mineral raw materials / waste" from underground infrastructure projects and the associated landfill areas required, innovative measures are required in order to initiate sustainable change in this regard.
FCC is geologically in the middle of the Molasse. The "molasse sediments" extend from the French Alps via Switzerland to Austria. Preliminary explorations revealed six different types of heterogeneous sedimentary rocks around the FCC tunnel project.
So far there is no industrial application for molasses sediments. As part of the FCC tunnel project, 9 million m3 of rock would have to be deposited. In order to create new ways of using excavated material from tunnel construction, CERN has started the EU project FCC-IS.
As part of the research task "Mining the Future" at CERN, an international competition is being held. The competition aims to help identify innovations for the use of excavated materials. The aim is to make future underground construction projects both more resource-efficient and more cost-efficient and to strengthen European industry.
At the Chair of Subsurface Engineering at the MUL, a large number of tests are carried out in the geotechnical laboratory, which are used for tunnel planning on the one hand, but also for the use of the material on the other. Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Haas, employee at CERN and a graduate of Montanuniversität Leoben, Austria selected all samples; furthermore he worked in the laboratories of the University of Geneva and at the ETH Zurich as part of his dissertation on the chemical and mineralogical composition of the expected tunnel excavation material.
If we succeed in reversing the trend towards the mandatory use of tunnel excavation material, if this is not technically impossible, and thus giving this topic higher priority, an important step would be achieved.
The development of economically viable routes for innovative tunnel construction enables a significant reduction in the excavated material to be dumped. The business plan won from the competition for the use of the “molasses sediments” is intended to serve as an example for other projects. Due to the disclosure of all data, this should create a basis for new pilot projects.
In autumn 2022 a seminar and the award ceremony for the competition to find the most innovative proposals for tunnel excavation recovery will take place at ZaB – Zentrum am Berg, a large scale underground research facility in Austria.

Speaker: Prof. Robert Galler

20210629 Galler Mining the future_challange competition actual status.pdf

20210629 Galler Mining the future_challange competition actual status.pptx

Recording

17 Excavation materials management plan: progress and ongoing work

Speaker: LAETITA D'ALOIA (CETU)

FCCWeek2021_WG3Matex_V2.pdf

FCCWeek2021_WG3Matex_V2.pdf

FCCWeek2021_WG3Matex_V2.pptx

Recording

18 Host states processes: Update and next steps

Speaker: Maude Sauvain

2021 06 29 FCC week Hoste states.pdf

2021 06 29 FCC week Hoste states.pptx

Recording

Technology R&D

Convener: m Koratzinos (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (US))

19 Design of the FCC-ee collider magnets

The presentation will recall the designs proposed in the CDR and address options to accommodate additional features like the field tapering needed to mitigate the energy saw-tooth effect.

Speaker: Jeremie Bauche (CERN)

2021-06-29 - FCC week - Collider Magnets - JBauche.pdf

2021-06-29 - FCC week - Collider Magnets - JBauche.pptx

20 Powering strategy - focus on main dipole magnets

The talk focuses on the powering of the main dipole magnets for the FCC-ee collider. The choice of the number of circuits is analysed considering the impact given by the different cable lengths (cost and electrical losses). The major design compromises on the powering against the number of turns selection in the dipole magnets are illustrated. Finally, a solution with power converters trims for tapering is analysed. A brief analysis is also carried out for the powering of the main dipoles of the booster, which present the specificity of being cycled.

Speaker: Dr Davide Aguglia (CERN)

FCC-week_June_2021_DA.pdf

FCC-week_June_2021_DA.pptx

21 Some experiences with the vacuum system in SuperKEKB

The SuperKEKB, the upgrade project of KEKB, is an electron-positron collider with asymmetric energies, that is, 7 GeV electrons and 4 GeV positrons. The construction started in 2010 and ended in 2016. Following the test operation (Phase-1) and the commissioning operation (Phase-2), the physics operation (Phase-3) has started since 2019.
As for the vacuum system, most of the vacuum components, especially in the positron ring, were newly fabricated to especially manage the electron cloud effect (ECE), and to reduce beam impedance. Most of new beam pipes basically have two antechambers at both sides of a central beam channel. The main pump at arc sections of the ring is a strip-type NEG installed in one of the antechambers. New bellows chambers and gate valves have basically a comb-type RF-shield and have the same cross sections to the connecting beam pipes. Countermeasures against the ECE, such as the coating of TiN film, the grooved surface, the clearing electrode and so on, were adopted for the positron ring. The MO-type flanges, which have structurally little step inside, were adopted to the connection flanges between the beam pipes and the bellows chambers.
The physics operation has been continuing steadily gradually increasing the performance. The world-highest peak luminosity of 3.12E34 /cm^2/s has been achieved by June, 2021. Typical stored beam currents during the physics operation are approximately 800 mA and 700 mA for the positron and electron rings, respectively. The vacuum scrubbing of beam pipes is also processing steadily. The pressure rises per unit beam current are now approximately 1E-7 Pa/A and 2E-8 Pa/A for the positron and electron ring, respectively. The bellows chambers and gate valves with a comb-type RF-shield, and the MO-type flanges have been working almost as expected up to now, that is, no indication of discharge and over-heating has not been observed. The effect of antechambers and TiN coating on the suppression of ECE was confirmed, although additional external magnetic fields were required to suppress the ECE finally. One annoying problem was frequent beam losses accompanied by pressure bursts mainly observed in the positron ring during Phase-1, which were probably caused by collisions of the beam with dusts. Recently, very rapid (20~30 micro second = 2-3 turns) beam losses have been observed sometimes accompanied with pressure bursts, but the cause has not been clarified yet and the investigation is ongoing. Here presented are the brief introduction of the vacuum system in SuperKEKB, and the major achievements and problems obtained in the beam operations so far.

Speaker: Yusuke Suetsugu (KEK)

SuperKEKB vacuum system_FCCWeek_17_Suetsugu.pdf

22 Design Studies and HiRadMat test for the FCC-ee Beam Dump System

The FCC-ee operation modes foresee stored beam energies of up to 20 MJ (for Z operation). In this talk an optimized beam dumping system is presented. This system utilizes passive beam diluters (Spoilers) and therefore eliminates any active dilution failure scenarios, while also being capable of shortening the dump line to about 350 m from extraction.
Materials for this Spoilers have been studied extensively and key material properties have been identified using both FLUKA and LS-Dyna simulations. In a HiRadMat experiment, scheduled for October 2021, these findings will be tested using scaled prototypes of the proposed Spoilers with special beam optics and pre-targets to reach similar mechanical stresses as seen in the simulations.

Speaker: Mr Alexander Krainer (CERN)

FCC-Week_2021_Krainer.pdf

FCC-Week_2021_Krainer.pptx

10:30 Break / Pause

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee parameters, layout, overview, with booster

Convener: Evgeny Levichev (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (RU))

23 Parameters - update and plan

The main parameters of the FCC-ee collider are fixed in the CDR, but this does not mean that they will not change anymore. Further and deeper consideration of this project reveals new problems, both physical and technical, and new ideas appear. This mainly concerns the operation at low energy, where a large total beam current can lead to various collective instabilities. We will discuss some of the problems that have emerged recently and possible solutions. Our goal is to preserve the declared luminosity, but in this case it may be necessary to revise some of the collider parameters. We will also discuss the remaining open issues and further plans to optimize the FCC-ee.

Speaker: Dmitry Shatilov (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (RU))

Parameters_shatilov.pdf

Recording

24 Optics and layout - update and plan

A comparison is made on the beam optics, dynamic aperture and luminosity performance for several layouts of the collider ring. If the periodicity of the lattice is preserved, no exceptional issue has been found; the luminosity is simply limited by the synchrotron radiation corresponding to the ring circumference.
Some studies on the lattice periodicity and shortening the distance between ee's and hh's IPs will be introduced.
Subjects for the lattice design for further detail will be discussed.

Speaker: Dr Katsunobu Oide (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (JP))

Optics_Oide_210629.pdf

25 Experience at SuperKEKB

Possible circular colliders for the post-LHC era at CERN are being explored within the framework of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) feasibility study. The first stage of the FCC integrated project is the FCC-ee, an ambitious electron-positron collider with a circumference of approximately 100 km. Certain key concepts of the FCC-ee design can be demonstrated and tested at existing facilities, such as at SuperKEKB at KEK. Understanding the crab-waist collision scheme, testing optics control and emittance tuning techniques offer invaluable insights for the FCC-ee design optimisation and its operational procedures. The experience at SuperKEKB will be an essential input to the FCC Feasibility Study Report. This talk will highlight already successfully performed studies at SuperKEKB and will give an overview of possible future tests for FCC-ee.

Speaker: Jacqueline Keintzel (Vienna University of Technology (AT))

Keintzel_FCCWeek_20210629_ExperienceAtSuperKEKB.pdf

Recording

26 Top up injection - Status and next steps

Top-up operation is essential for FCC-ee to maximize the integrated luminosity. Numerous constraints and requirements have to be met: limited dynamic aperture, transparency of the injection process, compatibility with four operation modes, reliability, availability, machine protection, etc. This presentation first summarizes the status of the design study, and then important next steps are discussed. In addition, another option for the injection septum is proposed. We assumed two types of septa in early studies, i.e., ordinary thick septum and extremely thin septum. These options have pros and cons, and the third option can be a good compromise.

Speaker: Masamitsu Aiba (Paul Scherrer Institut (CH))

FCC-ee_Injection_aiba.pdf

FCC-ee_Injection_aiba.pptx

Recording

FCCIS WP4 (Impact & Sustainability)

Convener: Emanuela Sirtori

27 Introduction on the socio-economic impact assessment model

Introduction on the socio-economic impact assessment model

Speakers: Emanuela Sirtori, Emanuela Sirtori

FCC WEEK-WP4-Introduction-Sirtori.pdf

28 Human capital formation at the FCC

FCC will have an impact on the career development of students and young researchers who spend a research period at CERN. The presentation presents estimates on the number of people who will benefit from human capital formation during the FCC lifetime, as well as preliminary results of the expected benefits for their salary and careers.

Speaker: Francesco Giffoni

FCC WEEK-WP4-HC formation-Giffoni.pdf

Recording

29 Spatial impact analysis of Large Research Infrastructures: A case study on SRF cavities

What is the spatial footprint of the socio-economic benefits of High-Energy Physics Research Infrastructures? This presentation discusses the preliminary stages of LSE research on FCC's potential spatial socio-economic benefits by focusing on SRF cavities production, one of the key technologies for the FCC-ee.

Speaker: Gabriele Piazza

FCC week 2021 - Spatial Impact Analysis.pptx

Recording

30 Regional and territorial benefit identification: approach and method

As a research infrastructure, FCC would create socio-economic impacts both at global level as well as at regional and territorial levels. The aim of our work is to identify territorial (in France and in Switzerland) and regional benefits.
This presentation focuses on the approach and method that will be applied. Based on a territorial development approach, we identify potential regional benefits and potential local effects during the different phases of the FCC project: feasibility and pre-construction studies, construction, deployment and operation phases, with a prospective point of view for the last one, as FCC should be operational by 2040. This analysis of local/regional socio-economic impacts will be performed based on findings of a complementary more global cost-benefit analysis.
The work will be carried out inspired by the analysis of estimated socio-economic impacts of the LHC/HL-LHC programme, mainly for land use planning, use of resources, territorial synergies and involved stakeholders. Our ex-ante analysis considers what already exists in the local territorial area as scientific, industrial, economic activities which could be linked to FCC and qualified interest groups and host-state notified bodies. Interfaces with local partners to develop regional development scenarios together will be established.

Speaker: Amandine Florence Chevalier

FCC WEEK-WP4-Regional and territorial benefits identification.pdf

Recording

12:30 Break / Pause

SRF: SRF Programme

Convener: Anne-Marie Valente-Feliciano (Jefferson Lab)

31 Baseline & Cavity options for FCC-ee

In this talk we will remind the baseline configuration of the SRF system for FCC-ee (booster and collider rings).
We will also present new SRF cavity designs like spoke cavities and coaxial resonators, which have been explored recently and compared to the baseline design.
A new elliptical 2-cell cavity configuration equipped with slotted waveguides, called SWELL cavity is finally introduced, operating at the intermediate frequency of 600 MHz. This new and innovative SWELL cavity concept has a huge potential to simplify the installation scheme of the overall RF system. The main features and the development plan of the SWELL cavity are presented.

Speaker: Mr Franck Peauger (CERN)

20210629_FCCweek_Baseline_cavity_options_Peauger_V3.pdf

20210629_FCCweek_Baseline_cavity_options_Peauger_V3.pptx

32 The SWELL cavity development

The Slotted Waveguide ELLipltical (SWELL) cavity promises a good response to both damp the higher-order modes efficiently to avoid beam instabilities and provide high accelerating gradient. The same cavity can be used for all five operating regimes of FCC_ee. The proposed installation scenario foresees a gradual installation of cavities and a rather elegant reuse of the high RF power stations. The RF system evolution towards the higher energy machines leaves the door open to ‘simplified’ SWELL cavities (i.e. without the HOM extraction system) and to standard multi-cell high gradient elliptical cavities. The proposed four quadrant technology brings several advantages as it avoids the welding joints in the area of high magnetic field, eases the Nb coating of the machined copper quadrants and does not require any helium vessel.

Speaker: Igor Syratchev (CERN)

FCC_week_2021_Syratchev.pdf

FCC_week_2021_Syratchev.pptx

33 Beam-cavity interaction challenges for the FCC-ee

The beam-cavity interaction and longitudinal instabilities may affect the choice of the RF system for high-current storage rings. In particular, beam loading, higher-order mode power losses, and coupled-bunch instabilities are the main performance limiting factors which must be considered in the early design stage. Operating the FCC-ee at the Z energy will be challenging due to the high beam current and a large number of bunches. In this contribution, the effects are quantified and compared for two different cavity types: 400 MHz single-cell and 600 MHz two-cell slotted waveguide elliptical cavities.

Speaker: Ivan Karpov (CERN)

FCC_Week_2021_IK.pdf

FCC_Week_2021_IK.pptx

34 Overview of the EIC RF system and synergies with FCC-ee

The EIC, a new collider that will be constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory in partnership with Jefferson Lab, comprises an ion storage ring based on RHIC and an all new electron storage ring. Polarized ions are provided by an upgraded RHIC injector chain while electrons are provided by a new polarized source, linac and rapid cycling synchrotron. Luminosity will be maintained by frequent bunch swap out of electrons and high energy electron cooling of the ions. A number of challenging RF systems will be needed including high-current storage ring bunching and crabbing cavities, a high current ERL for the cooler and acceleration and bunch splitting systems for the hadron beam formation. Many challenges are shared with FCC-ee and synergies and areas for fruitful collaboration are highlighted.

Speaker: Robert Alan Rimmer

FCCweek_6-21_Rimmer_final.pdf

FCCweek_6-21_Rimmer_final.pptx

FCCIS WP5 (Leverage & Engage): Collaborative Writing & Publishing tools

Convener: Panagiotis Charitos (CERN)

35 From collaboration to submission

Speaker: Katherine Arundell (Springer Nature)

FCCIS WP5 June 2021 Springer Nature.pdf

36 What's new at Overleaf in 2021?

In this presentation I'll give a summary of the recent feature releases and other new developments at Overleaf. I'll start with a short overview of the platform itself, before running through the new features and concluding with a look ahead to what's coming later in the year.

Speaker: John Hammersley (Overleaf)

20210629-Overleaf-Hammersley.pdf

37 Round table discussion

15:30 Break / Pause

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee optics, correction, beam stay-clear, dynamic aperture, collimation

Convener: Eliana Gianfelice-Wendt (FNAL)

38 Status and plans for optics corrections and emittance performance

To achieve ultra-low vertical emittance a highly effective emittance tuning scheme is required. We will describe a comprehensive correction strategy used for the low emittance tuning. The strategy includes Dispersion Free Steering, linear coupling compensation based on Resonant Driving Terms and beta beat correction utilising response matrices.

Speaker: Tessa Charles (University of Liverpool (GB))

FCCweek2021_Charles.pdf

39 Robust Modelling of FCC-ee with Analytical Equations and Simulations

We present the latest results obtained from comparing various codes used for simulating the FCC-ee optics. The three codes used for this study are SAD, MADX and the MADX PTC implementation. The aim of the comparisons is to determine how reliably the codes can simulate various aspects of the accelerator, including the emittance, the linear optics and the dynamic aperture. We will also present the latest finding from applying analytical formulas to the FCC lattice to estimate emittance growth for different kinds of magnet errors.

Speaker: Leon Van Riesen-Haupt (CERN)

Robust Modelling of FCC-ee with Analytical Equations and Simulations.pdf

Robust Modelling of FCC-ee with Analytical Equations and Simulations.pptx

40 First steps towards a collaborative software framework for the FCC-ee simulations: A multicode comparison

The FCC-ee project faces new challenges specific to larges scale lepton colliders, which requires new developments of simulation tools. While many different codes exist that address key aspects of the FCC-ee project, it is often complicated, if not impossible, to combine these and merge functionalities.

This talk presents a comparison and benchmarking of several optics codes for the FCC-ee, and explores the strategy to create a collaborative software framework with increased functionalities for FCC-ee simulations.

Speaker: Dr Felix Simon Carlier (EPFL)

FCC WEEK A multicode comparison .pdf

41 FCC-ee Aperture and Collimation

The FCC-ee design pushes parameters such as the beam energy, the stored beam energy, and the total synchrotron radiation power beyond the values achieved at existing machines. Ensuring safe machine operation and minimising background to detectors are important requirements. The first studies of the aperture limitations and the first considerations for a collimation system in the FCC-ee are presented in this talk. The aperture studies include an estimation of the beam stay clear and momentum acceptance, taking into account mechanical and optical tolerances and imperfections. The collimation studies are focussed on a preliminary design for a dedicated halo collimation system and the software tools that can be used for collimation simulations in the FCC-ee.

Speaker: Andrey Abramov (CERN)

FCC-ee-Aperture-and-collimation-20210629.pdf

42 Layout and optics for a collimation insertion in FCC-ee

The design parameters of the FCC-ee foresee operation with a total stored beam energy of about 20MJ, exceeding those of previous lepton colliders by almost two orders of magnitude. Given the inherent damage potential, a halo collimation system is studied to protect the machine hardware, in particular superconducting equipment such as the final focus quadrupoles, from sudden beam loss. In this talk, a preliminary layout and optics for a collimation insertion are presented, taking into consideration constraints from other systems such as the polarimeter.

Speaker: Michael Hofer (CERN)

MH_FCCee_collimation_optics.pdf

Physics, Experiments & Detectors: Physics Performance highlights

Convener: Ben Kilminster (University of Zurich (CH))

43 Higgs mass and model-independent cross-section studies from the recoil mass

In this presentation, the prospects of Higgs mass and model-independent cross-section measurements at the FCCee are outlined, using the recoil mass from the ZH Higgstralung process. A baseline analysis with statistical interpretation in the muon channel will be presented and discussed within the targeted experimental conditions such as detector configurations and machine parameters.

Speaker: Jan Eysermans (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (US))

ZHRecoilAnalysis_FCCWeek_29062021.pdf

44 Jet Flavour tagging at the FCC-ee

Identification of the flavour of the parton that originated the jet is of paramount importance for the FCC-ee program. The observables that allow to discriminate between different jet flavours such as track displacements and time-of-flight are introduced together with the detector design choices that are required to optimally reconstruct such variables. Jet flavour discriminators built on state-of-the-art Machine Learning (ML) techniques using graph-based neutral networks are then described, and the impact of different detector design assumptions on the performance is discussed. The application on the measurement of the charm and strange yukawa is then briefly discussed.

Speaker: Michele Selvaggi (CERN)

flavour_tagging_fccee.pdf

45 Bc -> tau nu at FCC-ee

$Z$-pole operation at FCC-ee represents an unprecedented opportunity for heavy flavour physics, as the production of $5 \times 10^{12}$ $Z$ bosons will result in a sample of $8 \times 10^{11}$ $b$-quark pairs. All species of $B$ hadron will be produced at FCC-ee, including the doubly heavy $B_c^+$ meson. The purely leptonic decays of this meson, which proceed in the Standard Model via annihilation of the $\bar{b}$ and $c$ quarks, have not yet been observed experimentally. The $B_c^+ \to \tau^+ \nu_\tau$ decay is of particular interest, as its decay rate is highly sensitive to potential New Physics contributions from mediators such as charged Higgs bosons or leptoquarks. A measurement of the $B_c^+ \to \tau^+ \nu_\tau$ branching fraction at FCC-ee has the potential to rule out large regions of New Physics parameter space, and either confirm or refute the indications of New Physics in $b \to c \tau \nu_\tau$ transitions. This talk describes a complete feasibility study for the measurement of $\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to \tau^+ \nu_\tau)$ at FCC-ee, where precision estimates are given as a function of the number of $Z$ bosons produced. This work represents the first FCC-ee analysis to use common software tools from EDM4hep through to final analysis.

Speaker: Donal Hill (EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Federale Lausanne (CH))

Bc2TauNu_FCC_week_June_2021.pdf

Wednesday, 30 June

FCC-hh accelerator

Convener: Frank Zimmermann (CERN)

46 Status and plans for FCC-hh optics studies

In this talk, I review the current status of the FCC-hh ring layout and optics, starting from the nominal situation and the developments undertaken since the publication of the CDR. I also provide the outlook for future studies.

Speaker: Massimo Giovannozzi (CERN)

FCCWeek2021_Giovannozzi_FCC-hh.pdf

FCCWeek2021_Giovannozzi_FCC-hh.pptx

47 Modifications of injection and beam dump systems for new collider layout

Speaker: Wolfgang Bartmann (CERN)

fcc_week_2021_InjExtr_28June21.pdf

fcc_week_2021_InjExtr_28June21.pptx

48 Status and plans for FCC-hh collimation

The Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh) should collide 50 TeV proton beams
with a total stored beam energy of 8.3 GJ, a factor 28 higher than what has been achieved in the LHC. This is an unprecedented challenge for the control of beam losses, since even a tiny beam loss risks causing a quench or even damage. This talk discusses the present status of the design of the FCC-hh collimation system, reviewing previous studies and highlighting topics for future study.

Speaker: Dr Roderik Bruce (CERN)

2021.06.30--FCC_week_FCC-hh_collimation.pdf

2021.06.30--FCC_week_FCC-hh_collimation.pptx

SRF: SRF Technologies 01

Convener: Graeme Campbell Burt (Lancaster University (GB))

49 Hydroforming Elliptical SRF Cavities : Studies on 1.3 GHz and Beyond

The Hydroforming process is a well-established acquaintance in the SRF world. Recently, progress has been performed in the ability to better tune such process; namely through enhanced quality of the inherent fabrication processes, and through the implementation of large deformation numerical analyses for a finer definition of process parameters.
Presentation will focus on the ongoing analyses and on the process definition, for eventual production of cavities in the 1.3GHz to 400MHz range

Speaker: Marco Garlasche' (CERN)

Hydroforming Ellipt SRF Cavities 1.3 GHz Beyond Final.pdf

Hydroforming Ellipt SRF Cavities 1.3 GHz Beyond Final.pptx

50 Cavity Engineering & Fabrication at CERN

Several projects at CERN require developments of new or spare superconducting RF cavities, for the LHC consolidation, the LHC High Luminosity upgrade (HL-LHC) and the Future Circular Collider (FCC) studies.
CERN has in recent years increased its effort into SRF technologies R&D as well as the related infrastructure. From highly technical design and fabrication engineering support to prototyping/developments and on-going manufacturing collaboration. Nowadays, complex metal components utilizing state-of-the-art metal fabrication technologies, including shaping, machining and assembly via electron beam welding has been manufactured and its related technologies has been deployed.

Speaker: Said Atieh (CERN)

FCC-WEEK_SRF_Fabrication Engineering_2021_v1.pptx

51 Two Stage High Efficiency Klystron for FCC-ee

The innovative concept of two-stage multi-beam Klystron has been previously investigated and studied in a 1GHz 20MW Klystron for CLIC. This technology utilizes low voltage electron beam in its first stage to compress the tube length and DC post acceleration in the 2nd stage to ensure ultra-high efficiency. It is very practical for the compact design at low frequency (UHF and L-band), high power (Multi Megawatt), high efficiency (>80%) Klystrons, hence the same concept was adopted for the development of a 0.4GHz 1.2MW Klystron for FCCee. The beam-wave interaction optimization of this device has been performed in an updated version of KlyC and innovative RF parts such as a RF rejecter structure for the post-accelerating gap and photonic array-inspired rods for the output cavity will also be demonstrated in this report. Further exploration of the new technology, and practical beam optics design has been preliminarily done in a new 2D code CGUN and further complex 3D optimization is ongoing. Overall, the Klystron is expected to deliver a maximum power of over 1.2MW with  80% efficiency.

Speaker: Jinchi Cai (Lancaster University (GB))

FCCWeek_2021_June_v2.pdf

FCCWeek_2021_June_v2.pptx

52 FPC challenges and perspectives for FCC-ee

Overview of the various challenges regarding the construction of very high power Fundamental Power Couplers will be presented.

Speaker: Eric Montesinos (CERN)

20210630 FCC week FPC challenges Eric Montesinos.pdf

20210630 FCC week FPC challenges Eric Montesinos.pptx

10:30 Break / Pause

EASITrain

Convener: Simon Hopkins (CERN)

53 Advanced Fabrication and Vacuum Compatibility of Tl-1223 Superconducting Thin Films for the Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh) Beam Screen

A.Saba1,2, A. Leveratto1, C. Ferdeghini1, M. Putti1,2, S. Calatroni3, M. Himmerlich3, S.Fernandez-Peña3, R. Vaglio1,4, S. Holleis5, M. Eisterer5 , J. Bernardi6 and E. Bellingeri1
1 CNR SPIN, I-16152 Genoa, Italy
2 University of Genova, Physics Department, I-16126 Genoa, Italy
3 CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
4 University of Naples Federico II and INFN, Physics Department, I-80125 Naples, Italy
5 Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
6USTEM, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria

The properties of high-temperature thallium-based superconductors are being studied in view of a possible coating for the beam shield of the future Circle Collider (FCC-hh). Research on the FCC-hh is focused on achieving a centre-of-mass energy of 100 TeV by colliding beams (guided by 16 T superconducting magnets). The beam stability and the safety of the cryogenic systems are two of the most critical aspects in such accelerators. According to theoretical estimations, the surface resistance of copper as currently used in the LHC at CERN may not be low enough to cope with the instabilities in the envisaged temperature range (40-60 K) of the FCC-hh. Therefore, high-temperature superconducting coatings have been proposed as alternative low-resistance materials.

We have been fabricating and analysing thallium-based superconducting samples to contribute to this research. The different techniques used to synthesise Tl-1223 superconducting samples, their characterisation, vacuum compatibility and recent improvements will be introduced. Furthermore, the current and future agenda in light of the new project aiming at understanding the actual feasibility of the coating for this application in an extreme environment will be discussed.
This work is part of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Training Network EASITrain (European Advanced Superconductivity Innovation and Training), funded by the European Union's H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 764879, and now the project ADDENDUM FCC-GOV-CC-0217 (KE5072/TE) to evaluate Tl (1223) superconducting beam screen coatings for FCC.

Speaker: Aisha Saba

FCC week 2021. A.Saba.pdf

FCC week 2021. A.Saba.pptx

54 Electro-hydraulic forming of SRF cavities: Effect of strain rate on niobium single crystals

An investigation of the dislocation substructure and mechanical properties of high-purity niobium single crystals with different initial crystal orientations deformed in tension at strain rates of 10^{-4} to 10^3 s^{-1} is presented. Specimens were cut from a large grain niobium disk used for the manufacturing of SRF cavities. Different crystallographic tensile directions exhibited significantly different softening and hardening behaviors and elongation at fracture. Such anisotropy is reduced at high strain rates. Also, different dislocation substructures were observed with TEM at low and high strain rates. At low strain rates, dislocation cells with a high density of long dislocations were observed. At high strain rates, homogeneously distributed dislocations with a higher dislocation dipole density were observed. The relationship between the differences in dislocation substructures and mechanical properties at low and high strain rates and the potential effects on the superconducting properties are discussed.

Speaker: Jean Francois Croteau

FCC_Week_2021_JF_Croteau_v01.pptx

55 Turbocompressor test facility operating with Nelium mixtures and heat transfer effects

Within the framework of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) and the EASITrain project, a major revision of the entire cryogenic cycle for the new machine is investigated in comparison to the LHC architecture. In particular, a closed-loop cryogenic cycle relying on turbocompressors and operating with Nelium mixtures is foreseen to enable the pre-cooling of helium.
To better understand the challenges and opportunities associated with the design and operation of radial compressors with such light gases, a closed loop test facility has been designed, built and commissioned at the ITSM (University of Stuttgart). The test facility has been developed to operate with air as well as with helium-neon gas mixtures of varying mixing ratios.

In this presentation, an overview of the test facility is first presented with its architecture, the components used together with a description of the operating procedure. Experimental results are then provided and validated against numerical evaluations. Moreover, the compressor motor being liquid cooled, a heat transfer between the coolant and the operating fluid leads to a modification of the operating fluid temperature and with it the measured aerodynamic efficiency. A model valid for all operating points and gases has been developed to remove this effect from measurements and is introduced here.

Speaker: Mr Maxime Pierre Podeur (University of Stuttgart)

FCCWeek2021.pdf

FCCWeek2021.pptx

56 Bridging research & industry: Creating value from FCC‘s technologies for the general public

Benefits derived from CERN’s FCC research go beyond building infrastructures to answer of fundamental research questions. A crucial question is how - apart from learning more about our universe - can society benefit directly from a new particle collider project? While not necessarily apparent at first glance, research on new high technologies comes with profound economic impact on industry and knowledge acquired from developing these technologies needs be spread and appropriated to benefit the public.
For the past 4 years, the Vienna University of Economics and Business has been carrying out numerous research projects to identify new market opportunities for technologies developed for the collider. Funded by the European Union as part of the EASITrain innovative training network, the search for new application fields included carrying out well above 100 in-depth expert interviews, interacting with enthusiast communities and building a bridge between research institutions and industrial partners to connect knowledge sources. We believe that the construction of the FCC does not only benefit research but value is created beyond that as the know-how can be utilized by industrial partners to cater to new needs, tap new markets or improve the companies’ efficiency and competitiveness. Higher cost effectiveness and leveraging further markets furthermore translates into lower manufacturing costs of a future high-energy particle collider, ultimately creating a win-win situation for all parties.

Speaker: Linn Kretzschmar

2021_FCC_präsi.pdf

2021_FCC_präsi.pptx

57 Training the professionals of the future

Speaker: Marina Putti (University of Genova)

FCC2021_WP6.pdf

FCC2021_WP6.pptx

58 WP7 results and prospects

Speaker: Panagiotis Charitos (CERN)

EASITrain-PC-ECC_WP7-03062021 (3).pdf

EASITrain-PC-ECC_WP7-03062021 (3).pptx

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee electron cloud & vacuum

Convener: kyo shibata (KEK)

59 Arc vacuum system and synchrotron radiation

An analysis of the synchrotron radiation spectra and photon power and flux distribution along one sample sector of 140 m length representative of the FCC-ee arcs has been carried out using the raytracing montecarlo code SYNRAD+. The results of these simulations have then been used to derive the photon stimulated desorption (PSD) for different conditioning times, for the Z-pole machine. The pumping efficiency of several pumping configurations has also been carried out, using the raytracing montecarlo code Molflow+. The beneficial effect of NEG-coating in reducing the PSD gas load is evident, allowing a dramatic reduction of the number of lumped pumps needed to reach a sufficiently low pressure in a short time. A list of prototypes and tests required in order to validate the proposed configuration is given.

Speaker: Roberto Kersevan (CERN)

FCC week - Arc Vacuum and SR - RKersevan - 2021-6-30.pdf

FCC week - Arc Vacuum and SR - RKersevan - 2021-6-30.pptx

60 Synchrotron Radiation studies for the FCC-ee arc with FLUKA

The FCC-ee arc region is significantly impacted by the synchrotron radiation (SR) emitted by the electron and positron beams. In order to assess its actual effect on the magnets and tunnel environment, FLUKA simulations were performed for the most challenging case of top-pole operation at 182.5GeV. In this presentation, the advantages and disadvantages of two different solutions are discussed. One layout features localized photon absorbers, while the other one embeds a continuous shielding around the vacuum chamber, comparable to the LEP model.

For evaluating critical situations and identifying potential showstoppers, the power deposited on the various machine components as well as dose and particle fluence 3D maps are presented, including radiation levels relevant to electronics. Finally, an outlook of pending challenges and next steps is given.

Speaker: Barbara Humann (Vienna University of Technology (AT))

FCCWeek2021_Fluka_SRStudies_BHumann.pdf

FCCWeek2021_Fluka_SRStudies_BHumann.pptx

61 Key Vacuum Surface Parameters for FCC-ee Operation

FCC-ee has an unprecedented design and operational parameters. For this reason, it is prone to suffer from beam-vacuum chamber detrimental interaction potentially affecting its performance. Vacuum, impedance, e-cloud instabilities are some of the issues that need to be mitigated from the design phase. This contribution analyses some of the requirements accelerator vacuum walls must obey to be compliant with design parameters. Additional R&D studies are suggested in order to be able to feed the running simulations with realistic estimates of the relevant surface parameters.

Speaker: Roberto Cimino (INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT))

CiminoFCC.pdf

CiminoFCC.pptx

62 Electron Cloud Simulations for the FCC-ee

In high-energy particle accelerators, electron clouds may occur due to high synchrotron radiation-related photoemissions, residual gas ionization, and secondary emissions during positively charged beam circulations in the vacuum chambers. The electron cloud formation could cause beam losses, trajectory changes, and wakefields. This study presents electron cloud build-up investigations for different scenarios in the scope of FCC-ee damping and collider ring machines and beam parameters. We employ two-dimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations where the effects of space charge, secondary, and photoelectrons are included. Furman-Pivi and ECLOUD secondary emission yield models are applied for the numerical experiments. The electron density at the center of the beam pipe for various bunch spacings, secondary emission yield, and photoemission yield parameters are studied. We obtained reference electron cloud level and neutralization densities.

Speaker: Fatih Yaman (Izmir Institute of Technology (IYTE))

FatihYaman_FCCWeekTalk_June30_2021.pdf

63 Electron cloud simulations for arc quadrupoles

The electron cloud is one of the critical issues to be addressed due to its capability to affect the FCC-ee accelerator performance and degrade beam quality, in particular, for the arcs of the machine. In this work, we report the first part of a series of studies on electron cloud build-up for the arc quadrupole sections. Variations mainly on beam energies, beam pipe radii, and secondary electron emission yields were explored. In addition, we found a significant reduction in electron central density when winglets are implemented as part of the beam pipe chamber.

Speaker: Damian Ismael Ayim Canche (Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán)

FCCWeek2021_ECSimulationsForArcQuadrupoles.pdf

FCCWeek2021_ECSimulationsForArcQuadrupoles.pptx

Physics, Experiments & Detectors: Software and Physics Highlights

Convener: David Lange (Princeton University (US))

64 The turnkey software stack Key4hep: status and plans

Speaker: Frank-Dieter Gaede (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DE))

gaede_key4hep_fcc2021.pdf

65 FCCSW: status and (users) workflows

Speaker: Valentin Volkl (CERN)

2021-06-30-FCC-Week.pdf

66 FCCAnalysis: tools and algorithms for analysis

The FCCAnalysis project provides a declarative analysis framework for EDM4hep based on RDataFrame with high level python interface (PyROOT), access to advanced python tools (e.g. akward array), and object reconstruction codes (e.g. FastJet). A common library of C++ algorithms, including for example thrust axis minimisation, jet clustering, vertex reconstruction, is being constantly improved for common usage. This talk will review the status and provide some plans for the near and long term future.

Speaker: Clement Helsens (CERN)

FCCAnalyses_clement.pdf

67 Long-lived particles at FCC

Long-lived particles have significant enough lifetimes as to, when produced in collisions, leave distinct signatures in the detectors. Driven by increasingly higher energies, trigger and reconstruction algorithms at particle colliders are optimized for increasingly heavier particles, which in turn, tend to be short-lived.
This makes searches for long-lived particles difficult, usually requiring dedicated methods and sometimes also hardware to spot them. However, taking upon the challenge brings enormous potential, since new, long-lived particles feature in a variety of promising new physics models that could answer most of the open questions of the standard model, such as: neutrino masses, Dark Matter, or the matter-antimatter imbalance in the Universe.
Crucial physics cases connected to long-lived particles will be accessible at the FCC. The complementarity of the three different stages of the FCC provides unique potential to discover and pin down these particles, and maybe solve long-standing problems of the SM.

This talk will describe the current landscape and possible areas to contribute to in the next few years. Three interesting examples are highlighted: Heavy Neutral Leptons, Hidden Sectors connected to Dark Matter, and exotic Higgs boson decays. The exploration of long-lived particles at the FCC-ee motivates an out-of-the-box experimental optimizations that will also be discussed.

Speaker: Rebeca Gonzalez Suarez (Uppsala University (SE))

FCC-week-LLP.pdf

68 Probing heavy new physics systematically at FCC

Speaker: Gauthier Durieux (CERN)

durieux-fccweek-30june2021.pdf

12:30 Break / Pause

Civil Engineering

Convener: John Andrew Osborne (CERN)

69 Civil Engineering Status and Plans

This presentation will give a status update on the civil engineering feasibility studies since the conceptual design phase. To achieve the objectives of the next ESPPU and to deliver a comprehensive feasibility study report, CERN’s civil engineering team have embarked in the first phase of the site investigations campaign, in the so-called High-Risk Areas. This talk will summarize the evolution of the FCC tunnel alignment and the process of identifying critical areas where SI are required to reduce the uncertainty in the ground conditions and to minimize the underground risks.

Speaker: Mrs Alexandra Tudora

FCC Week 2021 - Civil engineering_status_and_plans.pdf

FCC Week 2021 - Civil engineering_status_and_plans.pptx

70 3D geological modelling and subsurface uncertainties quantification to guide the optimal FCC placement

Speaker: Andrea Moscariello (UNIGE)

210607 FCC Conf - CERN Civil Engieneers.pdf

For the design of FCC trajectory a full understanding of the subsurface geology that will be crossed by both the tunnel and the access shafts is required. A basic knowledge of the regional rock composition and structural elements such as fain fault of the subsurface and the hydrogeological characteristics of the area has been broadly summarized in the context f the GEOMOL and SQUAT project. These however provide a general knowledge framework, which is heterogeneous and some how incomplete across the French and Swiss border.

The scopes of this project are 2 folds: I) establish a GIS-based subsurface data set and data base architecture in support of the feasibility and execution of the FCC tunneling work by defining a standard data set framework for new data II) establish a consistent high-resolution 3D geological model, supported by quantitative geological analytical investigations along the FCC trace aimed at predicting geological features and possible risks in support of tunneling design, planning and execution.

71 Civil Engineering assessment of placement scenarios by ILF Consulting

Speaker: Werner Dallapiazza (ILF Zurich)

20210630_FCC-Week2021_HRASI.pdf

20210630_FCC-Week2021_HRASI.pptx

FCC-eh

Convener: Gianluigi Arduini (CERN)

72 FCC.eh: Update and ERLs

Speaker: Max Klein (University of Liverpool (GB))

IntroFCCeh306.pdf

73 LHeC Racetrack as Injector to FCC-ee

Speaker: Yannis Papaphilippou (CERN)

LHeC_ERL_for_FCCee_injector.pdf

LHeC_ERL_for_FCCee_injector.pptx

74 Interaction Region Design Optimization

Speaker: Kevin Daniel Joel Andre (University of Liverpool (GB))

FCCweek2021 - Interaction region optimization.pdf

Interaction Region Design Optimisation

75 LHeC and FCC-eh detector status

The physics programmes at the LHeC and the FCC-eh require a general purpose detector with large acceptance and with high resolution tracking and calorimetry plus forward and backward detectors. Following the evolving physics requirements, machine constraints and the development of detector technology, an update of the detector and its subcomponents is presented and discussed.

Speaker: Alessandro Polini (Universita e INFN, Bologna (IT))

2021-06-30-AP-FCC.pdf

76 Status of heavy neutrino searches at ep colliders

The extension of the SM of particle physics by sterile neutrinos explains the smallness of neutrino masses as observed by the neutrino oscillation experiment. Since the mass scale of the sterile neutrinos is unconstrained, it is useful to discuss experimental motivated predictions for specific mass scale. Sterile neutrinos can be tested at particle colliders in three different mass ranges
MN < MW, where the sterile neutrinos can be long lived and can be tested via its displaced distance.
MN ~ EW scale; around this mass scale the sterile neutrinos can be tested via lepton number or lepton flavor violation processes.
MN > O(TeV); sterile neutrinos can be tested indirectly via its contribution to loop processes, e.g. Z -> mu e, mu-> 3e, etc.
In this talk, we investigate the sensitivity of the proposed Large Hadron Electron collider (LHeC) and the Future Circular Collider (FCCeh) to sterile neutrino searches for the three mass scales.

Speaker: Ahmed Hammad

HeavyN_at_ep_colliders.pdf

77 Probing Spacetime with Colliders

Speaker: nathan sherrill (University of Sussex)

nlsherrill_FCCeh_2021.pdf

15:30 Break / Pause

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee injector complex

Convener: Tor Raubenheimer (SLAC)

78 Overview and layout

The FCC-ee injector complex has to deliver the beam for top up injection in the two collider rings supporting a beam duration of about one hour on the Z-pole and up to 12 minutes for higher energy modes of operation. In addition, the injector also has to allow a fairly rapid fill-up from zero within half an hour at most. The high beam current of this collider create challenging requirements on the injection chain. After publication of the CDR in 2019, all aspects of the linac needed to be carefully reconsidered and revisited, including the injection time structure. In this talk I will give an overview of the status of the injector complex design and introduce the new layout that has been proposed by the study group working in the context of the CHART collaboration.

Speaker: Paolo Craievich

20210630_FCCweek_Layout.pdf

20210630_FCCweek_Layout.pptx

79 Progress in the design of the linacs and electron sources for the FCC-ee injector complex

Progress in the design of the linacs and electron sources for the FCC-ee injector complex will be reported

Speaker: Alexej Grudiev (CERN)

20210630 FCCweek21 AG.pdf

20210630 FCCweek21 AG.pptx

80 FCC-ee positron source

In the framework of the design and realization of a lepton collider, positron sources are essential due to the challenging critical requirements of high-beam intensity and low emittance necessary to achieve high luminosity. In the case of positron beams to be injected into circular colliders, the main concern is an optimized 6D emittance, whereas very high intensities are required for linear colliders. These constraints about intensity and emittance have strong consequences on the heat load and reliability of the targets. The high-luminosity circular collider FCC-ee will need a low-emittance positron beam with high enough intensity to shorten the injection time. A positron bunch intensity of about 2.1e10 particles is required at the injection into a pre-booster ring. Due to the large 6D production emittance and important thermal load in the production target, the positron injector, in particular the positron source, is one of the key elements of the FCC-ee, requiring special attention. In this framework, we present the preliminary studies of the FCC-ee positron source highlighting the main requirements and constraints.

Speaker: Dr Iryna Chaikovska (CNRS/IJCLab)

FCCweek2021_positrons30062021.pdf

81 Filling schemes through injector chain

FCC-ee aims extremely high luminosities during its all operational modes: Z, W, H and top quark. Especially, the Z run steps forward amongst the other stages due to the very high stored charge, i.e. 1.4 A, in the collider. Therefore, the injectors need to provide the collider fill from the scratch as well as maintain the luminosity at the peak thru operation by making use of the quasi-continuous top-up injection. This talk will stress on the operational modes and compare the CDR versus the newly suggested injection filling schemes. The new bunch schedules put forward in order to fill the collider in a shorter time interval and to profit from the injectors at maximum which becomes crucial during the restore of the charge loss due to collisions, scatterings and so on. All in all, we will discuss the pros and cons of the multi-bunch acceleration in an RF pulse of the linac and its impact to the whole FCC-ee complex.

Speaker: Salim Ogur (CERN)

FCC-ee_CDR_vs_multibunch.pdf

FCC-ee_CDR_vs_multibunch.pptx

82 Status of the high-energy booster

The high-energy booster is the last part of the accelerator complex before the FCC-ee collider.
The booster has to handle several challenges common to the FCC-ee collider like fitting the 100-km-long tunnel, reaching low equilibrium emittances, or longitudinal stability because of a very small momentum compaction.
Nevertheless, the booster has also specific challenges. At injection, magnetic field in the dipoles is very low; which brings some issues of reproducibility of the field and large random errors. Moreover, the damping time is longer and the lattice needs some undulators for instance to speed up the damping time by 2 orders of magnitude. At larger energies, the beam energy varies along the arc because of synchrotron radiation. Contrary to the collider, it is not possible to use tapering, which makes orbit correction an issue while acceleration.
We show the status and performances of the lattice, including a new tool to generate the optics in agreement with the tunnel geometry.

Speaker: Dr Antoine Chance (CEA Irfu)

Status_of_the_high_energy_booster.pdf

FCCIS WP5 (Leverage & Engage): FCCIS communication & engagement

Convener: James Gillies (CERN)

83 FCC Communication Strategy

Speaker: Markus Mooslechner

PPT-FCC-Week_2021 Presentation.pdf

PPT-FCC-Week_2021 Presentation.pptx

84 Mining the Future contest performance and output

This presentation will showcase the Mining the Future competition and communications campaign.

The FCC study wants to couple scientific discovery with environmental sustainability. Building a Future Circular Collider and the infrastructure related to it would generate about 9 million cubic metres of excavated materials, mainly molasse. The Study wants to divert these materials from landfills and put them to good use.

That is why the FCC collaboration, CERN and Montanuniversität Leoben, with the support of the EU-funded H2020 FCCIS project, have launched the Mining the Future competition. This competition hopes to identify sustainable reuse solutions for materials excavated during the construction of a next-gen collider. It also wants to draw a roadmap for wider applications beyond this specific project.

Speaker: Ms Katrien Witpas

Mining_the_Future_Presentation_FCC_Week_2021.pdf

Mining_the_Future_Presentation_FCC_Week_2021.pptx

85 Communicating the FCC feasibility study

As mandated by the European Strategy for Particle Physics, CERN has established the Future Circular Collider (FCC) feasibility study to investigate, over the next 5 years, the technical and financial viability of the new generation of particle colliders at CERN.

This talk focuses on advances in the development of a local communication plan for the FCC feasibility study.

The FCC tunnel would be 3 times longer than that of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), bringing CERN’s concept of local to another level. This comes with significant consequences. On the one hand, the infrastructure would extend CERN’s local benefits to a much wider area. On the other, some disruption due to activities on the ground, during both the Feasibility Study and in potential subsequent stages of the project, is inevitable. Any action impacting the local area must be communicated effectively, through timely engagement with a range of audiences in both Host States.

CERN’s communication strategy establishes the for fluid and transparent two-way communication with the local communities. Within this framework, a local communication plan is being developed in close collaboration with local authorities in France and Switzerland. Some of the issues being investigated at the moment are the identification of local stakeholders; the correct use of communication channels; the development of targeted messages and the design of adapted communication supports.

Speaker: Andrea Perez Fernandez (CERN)

FCCweek_LocalFCCFS_APF.pdf

86 FCCIS scientific meetings and publication status

Speaker: Marcin Chrzaszcz (Polish Academy of Sciences (PL))

FCCCCIS_fccweek.pdf

FCCCCIS_fccweek.pptx

CERN Courier webinar: "Future Circular Collider: what, why and how?"

Convener: Matthew Chalmers (CERN)

JOIN / PARTICIPER

87 Status and scope of the FCC Innovation Study

Speaker: Michael Benedikt (CERN)

88 How the Higgs boson opens a new window on fundamental physics?

Speaker: Beate Heinemann (DESY and University of Freiburg (Germany))

89 Potential of a future circular collider to address the dark sector of the universe

Speaker: Matthew Philip Mccullough (CERN)

Thursday, 1 July

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee IR and MDI

Convener: Wolfgang Hillert (University of Hamburg)

90 Overview, plan and open questions

The design of the interaction region of the positron-electron future circular collider must comply with various important constraints, imposed by high beam energy, high luminosity, need for polarization, and crossing scheme. An overview of the MDI design will be presented with a picture of the recent results and ongoing studies. In particular, the mechanical model of the MDI has been started recently, first considerations and open questions will be addressed. The status and plans for the beam backgrounds studies will be presented together with the measures for its mitigation.

Speaker: Manuela Boscolo (INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT))

MDI_fccweek21_mboscolo.pdf

91 Beam-beam background and beamstrahlung studies at FCC-ee

The study of unavoidable backgrounds of various sources that may affect the quality of the useful collider data is essential to assess its success. The design and optimization of both the detector and the machine therefore require realistic estimations of beam induced backgrounds. The development of interfaces for the relevant existing codes with the detector and physics simulation software (FCCSW) will allow a direct evaluation of the impact of beam backgrounds in the detector. The current status of the work on beam background is presented, showing preliminary results on the radiation produced at the IP. First results on radiative bhabhas with tracking of spent beam particles will also be presented.

Speaker: Andrea Ciarma (CERN)

fccweek_aciarma.pdf

92 News on the Q1 magnet prototype’

A first, single aperture, final focus quadrupole prototype has been designed, constructed and tested at warm. It is a canted cosine theta (CCT) design with the novel feature of eliminating edge effects in field quality. The measurements at warm show that the edge effects correction works beautifully and the overall field quality is excellent with errors not exceeding 0.15 units for all multipoles.

Speaker: m Koratzinos (Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (US))

FCC_week_warm_meas.pdf

FCC_week_warm_meas.pptx

93 Mechanical design of the MDI

The presentation concerns: the preliminary assembly of the MDI, including vacuum chamber, quadrupoles and solenoids; a parametric mechanical analysis of the vacuum chamber and the preliminary study of heat removal in the central beam pipe.

The mechanical study examines the structural behaviour of the chamber at many thickness values, using FEA techniques.

The preliminary heat transfer study is intended to determine the feasibility of using paraffin to remove the heat load in the central part of the vacuum chamber, considering the annular gap available and the allowable pressure head.

Speaker: Francesco Fransesini

Mechanical_design_of_MDI-FCCweek2021-Francesco_Fransesini_01072021.pdf

94 Machine Detector Interface Alignment System Update

The alignment of the Machine Detector Interface (MDI) is crucial to obtain the desired luminosity but also extremely challenging due to the complexity of this region.
This presentation will highlight the different challenges and difficulties encountered so far in the FCC-ee MDI. Then it will give an overview of the existing systems in other similar MDI but also ideas proposed in projects of future colliders. Finally, it will propose the base for a possible solution to monitor this MDI and some development possibilities.

Speaker: Leonard Watrelot (CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (FR))

FCC-ee MDI alignment system update - Léonard Watrelot - 01-07-2021.pdf

Technical infrastuctures

Convener: Christian Prasse (Fraunhofer Institut for Material Flow and Logistics)

95 Integration of the FCC

this presentation will show all integration studies done until now, and the forthcoming studies
https://edms.cern.ch/file/2599317/1/FCC_Week_Integration_Abstract_FV_JPC.pptx

Speaker: Jean-Pierre Corso (CERN)

FCC Week Integration.pdf

FCC Week Integration.pptx

96 Transport and logistics for FCC

For material and people, logistics, transport and handling are of great importance in the construction, assembly and operation of the FCC.
The presentation will focus on transport scenarios, design concept for special vehicles for the underground transportation and handling, design concept for bridge cranes and lifts as well as assembly, testing and storage facilities organization and supply strategies.

Speaker: Cristiana Colloca (CERN)

Transport and logistic for FCC.pdf

Transport and logistic for FCC.pptx

97 Technical Infrastructure operations today and in the future

Operation of the technical infrastructure is often a task done in the shadow of accelerator operations, until, of course, the inevitable breakdown. We need electricity, cooling, ventilation, IT systems and much more to run our very complex accelerator complex, but how do we keep the faults to a minimum?

In this talk we will touch base on how operation of the technical infrastructure at CERN is done, the limitations we have due largely to the fact that our infrastructure is a mix of brand new very high-tech installations and old equipment from the very beginning of CERN.

We will hear about where we are today and what will be possible to do in the future when operating the FCC and the rest of CERN’s technical infrastructure.
How to get eyes on the field? Can you operate a drone from the central control room? What if we could predict faults before they happen? are some of the questions we will ask ourselves in a near future.

Speaker: Mr Jesper Nielsen (CERN)

FCC TI June 2021_v3.pdf

FCC TI June 2021_v3.pptx

98 Safety for the FCC Feasibility Study

Safety for the FCC feasibility study comprises occupational health and safety, radiation protection, beam safety and personnel protection systems, fire safety and emergency response and environmental monitoring.
In a comprehensive safety report, we will document hazards and risks of the technologies employed in FCC, and make recommendations for mitigation measures. In many cases, these will be "standard best practice" from previous experience or regulatory obligations.
For the unprecedented challenges to safety by FCC, we propopse a "Safety by Design" approach, systematically reducing the exposure of personnel to risk.
The Safety Working Group will collaborate closely with other WGs in Technical Infrastructures and project-wide.

Speaker: Thomas Otto (CERN)

Safety FCC week 2021 ver.1.pdf

Safety FCC week 2021 ver.1.pptx

10:30 Break / Pause

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee impedance & collective effects

Convener: Ursula Helga Van Rienen

99 FCC-ee collective effects: introduction and overview (including Full Energy Booster)

Collective effects generated by the high beam intensities for FCC-ee, in particular for the Z-pole configuration, have to be carefully analyzed. We have found that the resistive wall represents a major source of impedance, but also the bellows with RF fingers make another important contribution. With the impedance model evaluated so far for this machine, thresholds for single bunch instabilities have been evaluated.
Additionally, the interplay between beam-beam interaction, beamstrahlung and the longitudinal beam coupling impedance has a strong influence on the coherent X-Z instability, which may compromise the collider performances.
Results of these studies, as well as some mitigation possibilities, will be discussed in detail in the following talks. Here an overview of the collective effects and some considerations about the impedance model and the obtained instabilities are presented.
Finally a preliminary overview of the collective effects for the FCC-ee booster is discussed, focused, in particular, on the microwave instability threshold with possible mitigating actions.

Speaker: Mauro Migliorati (Sapienza Universita e INFN, Roma I (IT))

2021_07_01_FCCweek.pdf

100 Collective effects for single-beam in FCC-ee and Impedance database

Improving the accuracy of the impedance model of an accelerator is important for keeping beam instabilities and power loss under control. Here, by means of the PyHEADTAIL tracking code, we first review the longitudinal microwave instability threshold for FCC-ee by taking into account the longitudinal impedance model evaluated so far. Moreover, we present the results of beam dynamics simulations, including both the longitudinal and transverse wakefields due to the resistive wall, in order to evaluate the influence of the bunch length on the transverse mode coupling instability. The results of the transverse beam dynamics are also compared with the Vlasov solver DELPHI.

Speaker: Emanuela Carideo (Sapienza Universita e INFN, Roma I (IT))

FCCweek.pdf

FCCweek.pptx

101 Status of bellows and flanges impedance studies

In the framework of the FCC project, the development of an accurate beam coupling impedance model of the accelerator elements represents an important aspect for reaching the machine design performances.
A significant contribution to the total coupling impedance is provided by bellows and vacuum flanges, for which an accurate electromagnetic characterization is required.
In this work a step-by-step approach, from simplified to complex models involving 3D electromagnetic simulations, is discussed, and an estimation of the beam coupling impedance of a simplified bellow model is presented.

Speaker: Chiara Antuono (Sapienza Universita e INFN, Roma I (IT))

Bellows_flanges_CI_FCCweek.pdf

102 Combined effect of impedance and beam-beam

With large Piwinski angle collision, both luminosity and beam-beam tune shifts depend on the bunch length. The longitudinal beam dynamics also plays an essential role for several new effects, such as beamstrahlung, coherent X-Z instability and 3D flip-flop. The combined effect of longitudinal impedance and beam-beam interaction should be taken into account for the collider luminosity optimization. The impact on the coherent X-Z instability is focused. Simulation results are shown for different schemes: CDR, higher harmonic cavity, large momentum compaction and 4IPs.

Speaker: Yuan Zhang (IHEP-CAS)

zhangy-2021-fccweek.pdf

zhangy-2021-fccweek.pptx

103 SuperKEKB collimation system

In the SuperKEKB, which is a two-ring collider consisting of 4 GeV positron and 7 GeV electron storage ring, movable collimators have been installed in order to reduce the backgrounds in the detector and avoid quenches in superconducting final focusing magnets. Therefore, the movable collimators are one of the indispensable components in SuperKEKB for the machine operations. We developed horizontal and vertical collimators having a pair of horizontally or vertically opposed movable jaws with radio-frequency shields, and the system has generally functioned as expected up to approximately 1 A in the beam current. In this talk, the design and experiences about the collimators are mainly presented.

Speaker: Takuya Ishibashi (KEK)

SuperKEKB_collimator.pdf

Technical infrastuctures

Convener: Andreas Wieser

104 Status of Electricity and energy management work package

The FCC machines will require a strong electricity supply for power demand in the order of 400 to 600MW. A Detail study was performed with 3 sub-stations at 400kV as delivery points. FCC-hh and FCC-ee were considered and a strong baseline was achieved. For Phase 2 of the study, the work package will focus on alternative scenarios and on optimization. The alternative scenarios concern the number of delivery points and sub-station voltage, the transmission between points and the failure scenarios to secure the electricity supply, the integration of energy production and storage, the immunity against transient disturbances, and the power quality. The objectives of phase 2 are to optimize the supply of electricity, to optimize the electrical network for both machine FCC-ee and FCC-hh, and to propose a robust powering scheme.

Speaker: Jean-Paul Burnet (CERN)

Electricity_workpackage_V2.pdf

Electricity_workpackage_V2.pptx

105 Cooling and ventilation concepts for the FCC

The cooling and ventilation systems are an integral part of the functioning of any accelerator but even more complex and challenging for the FCC due to the huge distances between sites and shafts.

The presentation will outline the proposed cooling and ventilation concepts and the challenges involved.

Furthermore it will give an outlook of the phase 2 studies that will be conducted with external experts and consultants.

The phase 2 studies will also include an in-depth study of the environmental impact in terms of energy- and water consumption, heat recovery, waste water and air exhaust.

Speaker: Guillermo Peon (CERN)

FCC-week01-07-21-CV-status.pdf

FCC-week01-07-21-CV-status.pptx

106 FCC-ee & hh cryogenic system conceptual design, status & perspectives

Capitalising on the cryogenic operation experience of the LHC and thanks to the promising results of the R&D efforts, the first phase of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study presents in its Conceptual Design Report (CDR) published in January 2019 a clear route to a post-LHC machine, which shall be housed in a new 100km circumference tunnel. Regarding the cryogenic system, it is describing the proposed architecture required by the implementation of the staged FCC programme, which would integrate in sequence a lepton (FCC-ee) then a hadron (FCC-hh) collider in the same tunnel with related cryogenic system upgrades respectively.

This presentation will cover the current status of the study so far, gathering the cryogenic conceptual design work already achieved. Foreseen organization of the cryogenics work package within the Technical Infrastructure Working Group Pillar should be addressed. Objectives for the second study phase, including tentative timeline and next steps should be covered.

Speaker: Mr Laurent Delprat (CERN)

2021-07-01_FCC_Week_Cryogenics_final.pdf

2021-07-01_FCC_Week_Cryogenics_final.pptx

107 Geodetic studies for FCC

The FCC site will be ten times larger than the current CERN site; most of the geodetic reference frames and infrastructure go back to LEP and a new design is required. A collaboration has been put in place between CERN, Swisstopo, ETH Zürich and HEIG-Vd to perform part of these studies.
In this talk, I will first remind the motivation of such geodetic studies before introducing the collaboration put in place: presenting the collaborators, the objectives, the defined deliverables and milestones. The status and technical progress achieved on these studies will be provided. I will conclude with a description of the organization of the WP and a review of its activities for the 2021-2025 period and above.

Speaker: Dr Helene Mainaud Durand (CERN)

FCC-geodetic studies.pdf

FCC-geodetic studies.pptx

12:30 Break / Pause

SRF: SRF Technologies 02

Convener: Olivier Brunner (CERN)

108 Overview of Multilayer Developments at Jlab

Speaker: Anne-Marie Valente-Feliciano (Jefferson Lab)

MLdvlpmt-JLAb-FCC2021.pdf

109 SRF characterization of multilayers

Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities with performance beyond the fundamental limits of bulk niobium require coating technologies. Multilayer systems with alternating thin films of superconducting and insulating material promise to boost the performance in terms of maximum accelerating gradient and surface resistance. Futhermore, the insulating layer prevents full penetration of vortices that would otherwise lead to an unmanageable level of RF dissipation. Using the Quadrupole Resonator (QPR) at Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, several series of multilayer samples have been characterized in a wide parameter space of temperature, RF field and frequency. Important aspects of the theoretical models could be verfied experimentally, however, unexpected features such as a non-monotonic temperature dependence of the surface resistance and early quench limits have been observed. The measurements indicate that further parameters, especially concerning the insulating layer, have to be taken into account.

Speaker: Sebastian Keckert (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin)

2021-07-01 FCC week Keckert.pdf

110 Superconducting Thin Films Studies at CERN

Thin film coated superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) accelerating cavities are among the most promising technologies to provide a cost efficient accelerator in the framework of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study.
We will give a broad overview of the currently on-going R&D topics such as the optimization of surface treatment by electropolishing, the elaboration of niobium thin films by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) with an emphasis on the effect of the ion bombardment energy and at last the first results regarding the elaboration of A15 materials (Nb$_3$Sn, V$_3$Si) using bi-polar HiPIMS coating technique.
Finally we will discuss the approach to scale up the current state-of-the art coating techniques towards 400MHz cavities as well as to the newly proposed Slotted Waveguide Elliptical cavity (SWELL) design presenting the first results of HiPIMS Nb coatings on 400MHz elliptical cavities.

Speaker: Guillaume Jonathan Rosaz (CERN)

Thin_Film_Studies_at_CERN.pdf

111 RF Characterization Techniques of 1.3 GHz Cavities

Among the bases that substantiate the feasibility of the FCC, the RF characterization of scaled versions of accelerating cavities becomes one of the major milestones within the project timeline. In particular, niobium thin film cavity deposition is regarded as the main alternative to the bulk (for example, this is the technology used in the HIE-ISOLDE QWRs at CERN), leveraging the heat transfer efficiency of copper as substrate, among many other advantages of this technology. Keeping that in mind, the R&D procedure for the coating optimization may be summarized as follows: (i) as first step, the evaluation of the sputtered niobium on copper flat samples is carried out by using a quadrupole resonator (QPR). The QPR allows for a controlled test of the thermally isolated sample exposed to RF fields. This test is based on a precise calorimetric compensation applied to a relatively simple geometry so that the possible uncertainties during both the sample manufacturing and testing are greatly reduced; (ii) then, the recipe used for the sample preparation is repeated to produce the coated cavities; and (iii) in order to push the cavity performance and overcome the mid- and high-field Q-slope, the current strategy attempts to optimize the substrate for the film deposition. In this sense, two different prototypes of seamless substrates: one made of copper electroformed on a mandrel and another one machined from the bulk; are successively tested at the cryolab to master the preparation technique. In parallel, a thermal mapping system for coated cavities, based on contact thermometry, is under development to pinpoint the mechanisms responsible of performance degradation.

Speaker: Pablo Vidal Garcia (Centro de Investigaciones Energéti cas Medioambientales y Tecno)

20210701_FCC_1.3GHz_RF_characterization_v2_rev2.pdf

20210701_FCC_1.3GHz_RF_characterization_v2_rev2.pptx

112 Prototyping the Nb coating of the copper Wide Open Waveguide Crab Cavity (WOWCC) for FCC-hh

The implementation of suitable crab cavities is an important milestone for the SRF activities in the feasibility study for a hadronic FCC. The proposed Wide Open Waveguide design [1,2] achieves bunch tilting by deflecting particles in transverse TE-111 like field, optimized between two tapered ridges with a mushroom-shaped cross-section. Its eponymous large apertures furthermore reduce shunt impedances and the confinement of residual higher order modes. Considering the given requirements of geometric precision, heat transport and project scale, a niobium coated copper cavity was chosen.

Here, we will present the current state of the dedicated coating system R&D. Numerical studies of the magnetron plasma and sputtering process have established the use of 6 cylindrical cathodes along the cavity as sputtering targets. Sample coatings performed on a reduced 3-cathode set-up achieved a significant improvement of coating quality through High Impulse Magnetron Sputtering [3,4]. More recently, the impact of the simultaneous use of multiple cathodes on the coating characteristics and heat loads has come under investigation, to optimize the specific coating process steps. In parallel, the scale-1 coating system design is being finalized, aiming for a first coating of a WOWCC prototype early next year.

[1] A. Grudiev, Proceedings of SRF 2015
[2] K. Papke et al, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22, 072001, 2019
[3] F. Avino et al, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 28, 01LT03, 2019
[4] F. Avino et al, Thin Solid Films 706, 138058, 2020

Speaker: Fabian Manke (CERN)

FCCweek_wowcc_fmanke

FCC-ee accelerators: FCC-ee other applications & upgrades

Convener: Mike Seidel (PSI)

113 FCC-ee booster as ultimate storage ring photon source

Many synchrotrons are upgrading their lattice to reach lower horizontal emittances below 100 pm rad. The project foreseeing the lowest emittance is PETRA IV with the aim of reaching about 10 pm rad. The very large circumference of the FCC-ee booster combined with damping wigglers allows to reach a horizontal beam emittance down to 0.5 pm rad. This would push the diffraction limit from 10 keV (1 Angstroem) achievable with PETRA IV down to 100 keV (0.1 Angstroem).
In this contribution, the study of a possible use of the FCC-ee booster as ultimate storage ring photon source is presented.
The performance in terms of photons output is compared with the most advanced existing and planned light sources.

Speaker: Sara Casalbuoni (European XFEL)

FCCweek2021_Casalbuoni.pdf

FCCweek2021_Casalbuoni.pptx

114 Science case for high-energy photons

I will present the case for performing experiments with hard X-ray synchrotron radiation. The spectral brightness of existing undulator-based storage rings in the hard X-rays regime is limiting the applications above ~30 keV where the beam coherence becomes small. This results in limitations of the flux available for many experiments. In particular, X-ray imaging could benefit from the availability of intense coherent beams in this energy range but also scattering experiments will gain tremendously when penetration power and a wide range of accessible momentum transfer are required.

Speaker: Anders Madsen (European XFEL, Germany)

FCC_CERN_2021_AM.pdf

115 Prospects of positron and positronium physics with a highly intense low energy positron source

We report on the possible use cases for an highly intense low energy positron source in the light of the FFC-ee project. Slow positrons can be used to create the purely leptonic hydrogen-like positronium (Ps) atom, the bound state of an electron and a positron. Since it does not contain a hadronic nucleus, it is a privileged system to research bound-state QED. Notably, theoretical results regarding Ps exceed the current experimental precision, which is why new fundamental precision experiments on Ps are very interesting. But also the possibility of Bose-Einstein condensates with Ps becomes more likely with a more intense positron source, and ultimately the first steps towards a gamma-ray laser may be investigated. Ps is a symmetric matter-antimatter system which enables direct tests on CPT-symmetry and possibly also on the WEP by means of free-fall experiments in a well controlled environment.
As a more user-oriented case, slow positrons can be used as non-destructive nanoprobes for defects in all types of materials, and an intense source might develop towards an useful tool for industry to test samples with high throughput.

Speakers: Benjamin Rienacker (Physics Department, CERN), Ruggero Caravita (Universita degli Studi di Trento and INFN (IT))

FCCeeTalk_v4.pdf

116 ERL-based e+e- collider

We presenting recent development of concept for future the energy-efficient ERL-based high-energy high-luminosity e+e- collider. This collider can be placed in 100 km tunnel for future FCC and collide highly polarized electron and position beam with c.m. energy up to 600 GeV.

Speaker: Vladimir Litvinenko

ERL e+e- collider FFCW 2021 cut.pdf

117 FCC-ee upgrade to muon collider

A new muon collider collaboration is forming with the aim to develop this unique concept for a very high energy lepton collider. The presentation will introduce the collider and its challenges. It will also comment on options to use the FCC infrastructure for this purpose.

Speaker: Daniel Schulte (CERN)

Muon_FCC_ee.pdf

Muons_FCC_ee.pdf

Physics, Experiments & Detectors: Detectors

Convener: Didier Claude Contardo (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR))

118 From vertex to wrapper: the IDEA tracklng system for FCC-ee

The tracking system of the IDEA detector follows a classical approach for $e^+e^-$ colliders. Its main tracking device is a large size drift chamber is very light drift chamber exploiting the cluster counting method for particle identification. It is complemented with silicon detectors for the vertex region and for a wrapper around the drift chamber, providing a high precision measurements at the end of the tracking volume. The presentation will discuss the expected performance of the IDEA detector concept and recent developments on the use of CMOS pixels for the large volume silicon tracker.

Speaker: Prof. Attilio Andreazza (Università degli Studi e INFN Milano (IT))

20210701_IDEATracker_FCCweek.pdf

119 ARC: a solution for particle identification at FCC-ee

A novel RICH detector concept will be presented, suitable to satisfy the particle identification requirements for an experiment at FCC-ee (or other future collider).

Particular attention has been taken on achieving a compact and low-mass detector while maintaining exquisite resolution. Preliminary engineering considerations and predicted performance will be shown, along with the compelling lines of R&D that would help to realize this concept.

Speaker: Roger Forty (CERN)

ARC-presentation.pdf

120 Performance of a Crystal + Dual readout Calorimeter system at FCC-ee

Crystal calorimetry has a long history of pushing the frontier of high energy resolution measurements for EM particles. Recent technological developments in the fields of crystal manufacturing and photodetector developments (SiPMs) have opened new perspectives on how a segmented crystal calorimeter with dual-readout capabilities could be exploited for particle detectors at future collider experiments like FCC-ee. In this contribution, we will discuss how a segmented EM crystal calorimeter can be cost-effectively integrated with the fiber-based calorimeter of the IDEA detector to achieve an energy resolution of $3\%/\sqrt{E}$ for EM particles and $27\%/\sqrt{E}$ for neutral hadrons. We will also show how the extension of the dual-readout method in such a longitudinally segmented hybrid calorimeter can achieve the target energy resolution of about 3-5\% for 50 GeV jets and discuss the potential of such calorimeter in the context of future particle flow algorithms.

Speaker: Marco Toliman Lucchini (Università & INFN, Milano-Bicocca (IT))

2021_07_01_HybridDual-readoutCalorimeterForFCC-ee.pdf

121 Recent developments on scintillator materials for calorimetry

Since many decades scintillating crystals have been used for high resolution electromagnetic calorimeters and significant progress has been made since 30 years in the field of inorganic scintillators in the understanding of their scintillation properties, radiation hardness and production methods. In recent years many studies have been carried out in the framework of the Crystal Clear Collaboration on the investigation, improvement and exploitation of different processes for new fast light emission such as wideband semiconductor nanomaterials, hot intraband luminescence, cross luminescence and Cerenkov light, as well as on the production and the assembly of such material: crystal fibers, 3D printing, Ceramic, hybrid structure combining materials with different properties.
Selected results of the recent research efforts and developments on scintilllators for future detectors will be presented.

Speaker: Dr Etiennette Auffray (CERN)

EAuffray_FCC01072021.pdf

Technology R&D

Convener: Anke-Susanne Mueller (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (DE))

122 Overview of the EIC Beam instrumentation and synergies with FCC

The electron-ion collider (EIC) to be constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory is presently in the conceptual design phase of development. This facility will be based on the existing RHIC complex. There will be a new electron gun, linac and rapid cycling synchrotron feeding the 5-18 GeV storage ring to provide polarized electrons for collision with hadrons. The existing RHIC hadron rings will be reconfigured into one combination acceleration and storage ring to provide 40–275 GeV hadrons, this includes polarized protons. A strong hadron cooling facility is included in the baseline, the cooling is realized by co-propagating 120 mA, 150 MeV micro-bunched electrons with the hadron beam. A brief overview of the proposed beam instrumentation will be presented along with potential collaborations with the FCC.

Speaker: DAVID GASSNER (BNL)

EIC Instru Overview for FCC 1Jul21 DMG.pdf

123 Longitudinal bunch-by-bunch profile measurements at KARA based on EO sampling & developments for FCC

At the KIT the world’s first electro-optical (EO) near-field monitor for a high bunch-repetition storage ring, the Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA), was developed and is installed to detect longitudinal electron bunch profiles. Imprinting the longitudinal profiles onto chirped laser pulses and using the ultra-fast line-camera KALYPSO built at KIT, single-shot bunch-by-bunch measurements are achieved. Recently, we demonstrated tomographic imaging of the 2D longitudinal phase space distribution of the electron bunches at MHz-repetition rate within 61 µs. EO near-field diagnostics are a part of the distributed sensor network at KARA.
Testing prototype diagnostics at KARA addresses challenges like high repetition rates, different bunch lengths and charges, which will play an important role for diagnostics at the FCC.
This talk will give an overview of achieved results and developments for future applications at the FCC.

Speaker: Gudrun Niehues (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

Niehues-FCCWeek2021.pdf

124 A Robotic System for Remote Interventions in the FCC Complex

The perception, cognition and control of robotic systems was advancing rapidly in the last decades and is even speeding up, benefiting from increasing computation power and technologies like artificial intelligence. These developments enabled robots to handle more complex tasks with a higher degree of automation. Extrapolating the state of robotic intelligence by about two decades, the time when the FCC Robot would operate in the FCC tunnels, such systems will be able to handle most of the planned interventions that are currently, mainly conducted manually and many of the unplanned or emergency situations. Additionally, most of the manually performed interventions in the LHC complex can not be applied to the three times longer FCC tunnel, without either increasing efforts in workforce and money or accepting longer machine down times. Thus, a robotic system will decrease machine down time, reduce the radiation exposure of workers and will locate, guide and possibly rescue workers in case of emergencies.

This work presents a robust robotic system for remote and automated interventions over the full life cycle of the FCC complex. First, a Remote Maintenance Code of Practice, which is based on the experience of over 1000 robotic operations at CERN will be presented. The code of practice provides guidelines for standardized, robotic friendly designs which are key to facilitate most efficient interventions. Furthermore, a survey listing the most important robotic interventions and the derived requirements and restrictions will be discussed. Some ongoing work concerning the integration of the robotic system in the cross section of the FCC tunnel and related logistics will be shown. Finally, results from simulations, design optimizations and the corresponding future prototype for proof of concept studies will be presented.

Speaker: Hannes Gamper (Johannes Kepler University, Linz)

FCCWeek2021_RoboticSystem__Gamper.pdf

125 HTS Coated Conductors for beam impedance reduction in the FCC-hh

CERN has launched the FCC Innovation Study R&D program that will support the feasibility study for the FCC-hh, a new circular hadron collider with 100 km circumference where 16T superconducting magnets will steer proton bunches producing center-of-mass collision energies of 100TeV. Part of this R&D initiative is to rethink the design of the beam-screen chamber, a stainless steel pipe necessary to thermally shield the cold bores of the superconducting dipole magnets from the synchrotron radiation emitted by the accelerated protons. The charged particles will induce 1 GHz RF image currents into the pipes walls, whose wake fields endanger the beam stability. To counteract this effect, the interior of a beam-screen chamber is coated with a highly conductive material. Within a consortium formed in 2017 between ALBA synchrotron, the institute of high energy physics, the polytechnic university of Barcelona, the institute of material science of Barcelona and CERN, we have demonstrated the benefit of replacing the conventional beam-screen coating material, Cu, with REBa2Cu3O7-x (RE = rare earth) Coated Conductors (CCs) in order to increase the beam stability margin.
In this talk, we present the consortium achievements over these years [1], where we have worked towards understanding the high-field microwave response of CCs, and we have developed hybrid CC / Cu geometries that limit trapped field and present lower than Cu surface resistances. Our findings have placed CC’s technology as a solid candidate to replace Cu as the low surface-impedance coating of the FCC-hh beam-screen. We will also present how our research in CC’s microwave response under the extreme conditions found in the FCC [2], together with the large-area CC surface coating technology being developed within the consortium, benefits other areas of high-energy physics such as Axion detection.

[1] T. Puig et al, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 32 (2019)
[2] A. Romanov, et al. Scientific reports 10 (2020)

Speaker: Dr Joffre Gutierrez Royo (ICMAB - CSIC)

FCCWEEK2021_JGR.pdf

Friday, 2 July

Summaries: Accelerator, technlogies and SRF summaries

Convener: Lenny Rivkin (Paul Scherrer Institute (CH))

126 Accelerator summary

Speakers: Frank Zimmermann (CERN), Ilya Agapov (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DE))

FCC2021-accelerator-summary-Agapov-and-Zimmermann.pdf

FCC2021-accelerator-summary-Agapov-and-Zimmermann.pptx

127 Technologies summary

Speaker: Roberto Losito (CERN)

Technologies Summary.pdf

Technologies Summary.pptx

128 SRF summary

Speakers: Frank Gerigk (CERN), Olivier Brunner (CERN)

FCC_week_2021_SRF_Summary_v2.pdf

FCC_week_2021_SRF_Summary_v2.pptx

10:30 Break / Pause

Summaries: Infrastructures, CE and PE&D summaries

Convener: Ursula Bassler (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR))

129 Summary of FCCIS work packages 3, 4 and 5

Speaker: Johannes Gutleber (CERN)

FCC-2106290900-JGU_FCCWeek2021SummaryWP345_V0100.pdf

FCC-2106290900-JGU_FCCWeek2021SummaryWP345_V0100.pptx

130 Technical Infrastructure and Civil Engineering summary

Speaker: Klaus Hanke (CERN)

FCCweek2021_summary_kh_v3.pdf

FCCweek2021_summary_kh_v3.pptx

131 Physics, Experiments and Detectors summary

Speaker: Alain Blondel (Universite de Geneve (CH))

FCC-PED-Summary-2021-07-02-ABlondel.pdf

FCC-PED-Summary-2021-07-02-ABlondel.pptx

132 Closing remarks

Speaker: Frank Zimmermann (CERN)

FCC-2107021230-FZI_FCCW2021-ClosingRemarks_V0004.pdf

FCC-2107021230-FZI_FCCW2021-ClosingRemarks_V0004.pptx