Welcome to DIS2018. This is the 26th in an annual series of International Workshops covering an eclectic mixture of material related to Quantum Chromodynamics and DIS as well as a general survey of the hottest current topics in high energy physics. Much of the program is devoted to the most recent results from experiments at BNL, CERN, DESY, FNAL, JLab, and KEK. Relevant theoretical advances are also covered in detail.
On Tuesday 17 Apr from 16:30 (9:30 CET), there will be a special discussion session for a document for European Strategy Update. Vidyo connection is available (only for this session). See the link in the menu on the left.
For your info: there will be a satellite meeting "pre-DIS2018 EIC workshop" on Sunday 15 April from 9:00 at the same conference hall as our plenary sessions. There will be also registration open for those who paid already.
The strong coupling constant $\alpha_s(m_Z)$ is determined from inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in neutral-current deep-inelastic ep scattering (DIS) measured at HERA by the H1 collaboration using next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD predictions. The dependence of the NNLO predictions and of the resulting value of $\alpha_s(m_Z)$ at the Z-boson mass m Z are studied as a function of the choice of the renormalisation and factorisation scales. Using inclusive jet and dijet data together, the strong coupling constant is determined to be $\alpha_s(m_Z)=0.1157\,(20)_{exp}\,(29)_{th}$ . Complementary, $\alpha_s(m_Z)$ is determined together with parton distribution functions of the proton (PDFs) from jet and inclusive DIS data measured by the H1 experiment. The value $\alpha_s(m_Z)=0.1142\,(28)_{tot}$ obtained is consistent with the determination from jet data alone. The impact of the jet data on the PDFs is studied. The running of the strong coupling is tested at different values of the renormalisation scale and the results are found to be in agreement with expectations.
Eur.Phys.J.C77 (2017), 791 [arxiv:1709.07251]
An improved determination of electroweak (EW) parameters using H1 inclusive neutral current and charged current DIS cross sections is presented. The analysis benefits from the usage of the previously published cross sections using longitudinally polarised lepton beams. The parameters are determined in a combined fit of EW parameters together with PDFs. The predictions include NNLO QCD corrections for the PDF and structure function calculations, and the corrections at the leptonic vertex are obtained in the on-shell scheme including the full set of 1-loop corrections. The analysis determines the weak neutral-current couplings of the light quarks and thus tests potential contributions beyond the SM. The mass of the W-boson is determined and a precision of 115 MeV is achieved.
In the HHT QCD fit the standard DGLAP evolution was augmented by including an additional low-x higher-twist term in the description of the longitudinal structure function, F$_\rm{L}$. This additional term significantly improves the description of the HERA reduced cross sections at low Bjorken-x and low four-momentum-transfer squared, Q$^2$. Since the HHT fit describes well data from the highest Q$^2$ down to Q$^2$ of a few GeV$^2$, it can be used in studies to tune MC samples using the LHC underlying event variables. Preliminary trsults of this tuning will be shown in this presentation.
The production of multi-jet final states at hadron colliders probes pQCD at several mass scales. The processes can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has used multi-jets events, recorded at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV, to measure the transverse energy-energy correlations, its asymmetry and the dijet azimuthal decorrelation. These measurements are particularly sensitive to the strong coupling constant with a reduced model dependency. The resulting value of $Äalpha_s$ and the corresponding tests of the renormalization group equation will be presents.
IceCube is a 1 cubic kilometer size neutrino detector located at the South Pole. It is capable of detecting all-sky neutrinos of all flavors from GeV to EeV energies. After detector completion, it discovered and measured the flux of extraterrestrial neutrinos in the TeV - PeV energy range, alongside with flux of neutrinos of known atmospheric origin. In this talk we will present a novel analysis method and the preliminary result of the neutrino-nucleon Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) cross section measurement as a function of neutrino energy in the TeV – 10 PeV energy range utilizing neutrino absorption by the Earth.
We analyzed five years of data collected with complete IceCube detector from May 2011 to May 2016. This analysis focuses on electromagnetic and hadronic showers (cascades) mostly induced by electron and tau neutrinos. The applied event selection features high background rejection (<10% background contamination below 60TeV, background free above 60TeV) in rejecting atmospheric muons and high signal efficiency (~80%). The final neutrino sample consists of about 5600 events, with about 420 events above 10TeV reconstructed energy. An unfolding method was applied to enable the mapping from reconstructed cascade parameters such as neutrino energy and zenith to true neutrino variables. The analysis was performed assuming isotropic astrophysical neutrino flux, in in seven energy bins, and in two zenith bins (“down-going” from the south-hemisphere and “up-going” from the north-hemisphere). The ratio of down-going events and up-going events (absorbed by the Earth at large energies) is sensitive to the neutrino-nucleon DIS cross section and is insensitive to the dominant neutrino flux uncertainties.
The neutrino-nucleon DIS cross section preliminary result will be compared with the Standard Model theoretical calculation.
Exclusive production of four charged pions at the ep collider HERA is studied at small photon virtualities $Q^2<2$ GeV${}^2$. The data were taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=319$ GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 7.6 pb$^{-1}$. The cross section of the reaction $\gamma p \to 2(\pi^+\pi^-)Y$ is determined in the phase space of $45\lt W_gp\lt 100$ GeV, $\vert t\vert\lt 1$ GeV${}^2$ and $M_Y\lt 1.6$ GeV. The $4\pi$ mass spectra indicate that the reaction proceeds predominatly via production and decay of $\rho^{\prime}(1450)$ and $\rho^{\prime\prime}(1700)$ resonances. Parameters of these resonances as well as production cross sections times branching ratio into four charged pions are estimated from the mass fit, which includes contributions from non-resonant $4\pi$ channel and interference terms.
We study quantitatively [1] the importance of the recently derived NLO corrections [2,3,4] to the DIS structure functions at small x in the dipole formalism. We show that these corrections can be significant and depend on the factorization scheme used to resum large logarithms of energy into renormalization group evolution with the BK equation. This feature is similar to what has recently been observed for single inclusive forward hadron production [5,6]. Using a factorization scheme consistent with the one recently proposed for the single inclusive cross section, we show that it is possible to obtain meaningful results for the DIS cross sections. We also discuss ongoing work to combine these NLO DIS structure functions in the improved factorization scheme with the resummed/NLO BK evolution equation in order to do consistent NLO accuracy comparisons with HERA data.
[1] B. Ducloué, H. Hänninen, T. Lappi, Y. Zhu, Phys.Rev. D96 (2017) no.9, 094017
[2] G. Beuf, Phys.Rev. D94 (2016) no.5, 054016
[3] G. Beuf, Phys.Rev. D96 (2017) no.7, 074033
[4] H. Hänninen, T. Lappi, R. Paatelainen, arXiv:1711.08207 [hep-ph]
[5] E. Iancu, A.H. Mueller, D.N. Triantafyllopoulos, JHEP 1612 (2016) 041
[6] B. Ducloué, T. Lappi, Y. Zhu, Phys.Rev. D95 (2017) no.11, 114007
We report on a first NLO computation of inclusive photon production at small x in
e+A collisions. The computation is performed to next-to-leading-log x accuracy and resums all multiple scattering (higher twist) computations within the CGC effective theory. In the soft photon (Low) limit, we recover results the NLO results of Balitsky and Chirilli for inclusive DIS. We point to key technical improvements of our computation relative to the latter which opens the door to more efficient small x computations. We also discuss the relation of this work to analogous computations by us for p+A collisions.
A photon is a fundamental particle, instead of a nonperturbative composite like hadrons. However, an energetic photon can fluctuate into vector mesons in the kinematic region with a small Bjorken variable $x < 0.1$. Particularly at $x < 0.01$, the hadronic contribution to cross sections of the electron-photon deep inelastic scattering dominates, and a photon can be regarded as a hadron rather than a pointlike object. Therefore, effective models are needed for studies of the photon structure in this kinematic region. We present analysis on the photon structure functions at small $x$ in the framework of the holographic QCD, assuming dominance of the Pomeron exchange. The real photon structure functions are expressed as convolution of the Brower-Polchinski-Strassler-Tan (BPST) Pomeron exchange kernel and the known wave functions of the U(1) vector field in the five-dimensional AdS space, in which the adjustable parameters in the BPST kernel have been fixed in previous studies of the nucleon structure functions. The predicted photon structure functions, as confronted with experimental data, provide a clean test of the BPST kernel. The agreement between theoretical predictions and data is demonstrated, which supports applications of holographic QCD to hadronic processes in the nonperturbative region. Our calculations are also consistent with those derived from the parton distribution functions of the photon proposed by Gluck, Reya, and Schienbein, implying realization of the vector meson dominance in the present model setup. Our results presented in this talk will be tested at future linear colliders, e.g., the planned International Linear Collider.
Calculations for dijet production in diffractive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy (NNLO) are presented. The calculations are based on the antenna subtraction formalism and the hard coefficients are convoluted with currently available PDFs for diffractive scattering (DPDFs).
The NNLO predictions are compared to a large number of available measurements and different observables. Detailed studies on the DPDF and scale dependencies are presented.
Precision measurements of CP violating observables in the decays of b and c hadrons are powerful probes to search for physics beyond the Standard Model.
The most recent results on CP violation in the decay, mixing and interference of both b and c hadrons obtained by the LHCb Collaboration with Run I and years 2015-2016 of Run II are reviewed. In particular world best constraints and world first measurements are provided for CKM elements, unitarity angles and charm parameters.
The concept of lepton universality, where the muon and tau particles are simply heavier copies of the electron, is a key prediction in the Standard Model (SM). In models beyond the SM, lepton universality can be naturally violated with new physics particles that couple preferentially to the second and third generation leptons. Over the last few years, several hints of lepton universality violation have been seen in both b->c and b->s semileptonic beauty decays. This presentation will review these anomalies and give an outlook for the near future.
The angular analysis of the decay of Bd -> K* mu mu for a number of angular coefficients are measured as a function of the invariant mass squared of the di-muon system for data collected at 8 TeV. Comparison is made to theoretical predictions, including for the observable P’5, for which there has been recent tension between theory and experiment. In addition the study of kinematical correlations in B hadron pair production is also presented.
Electroweak penguin B decays proceed through one loop diagrams at the lowest order. Since new particles beyond the Standard Model can enter in the loop, these processes are very sensitive to new physics. We report measurements of b → sl+l- decays at Belle. We also report other rare B decays sensitive to New Physics. The analyses are based on the full data set at Y(4S) and Y(5S) resonances at Belle.
Measurements of the cross sections of the production of pairs of electroweak gauge bosons at the LHC constitute stringent tests of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model and provide a model-independent means to search for new physics at the TeV scale. The ATLAS collaboration has performed detailed measurements of integrated and differential cross sections of the production of heavy di-boson pairs in fully-leptonic and semi-leptonic final states at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV. The results are compared to predictions at NLO (and NNLO) in pQCD and provide constraints on new physics, by setting limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings.
We present predictions for diboson production (with exact decays) that are next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accurate and consistently matched to a parton shower (NNLOPS). The matching is achieved by upgrading the NLO WW+j calculation with MiNLO, in such a way that NLO accuracy is guaranteed for W+W- inclusive observables and by then performing a reweighting of the WWJ-MiNLO events, differential in the W+W- Born variables, to the NNLO results obtained with Matrix.
Measurements of the cross sections of the production of three electroweak gauge bosons and of vector-boson scattering processes at the LHC constitute stringent tests of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model and provide a model-independent means to search for new physics at the TeV scale. The ATLAS collaboration searched for the production of three W bosons or of a W boson and a photon together with a Z or W boson at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV. ATLAS has also searched for the electroweak production of a heavy boson and a photon together with two jets. Evidence has been found for the exclusive production of W boson pairs. All results have been used to constrain anomalous quartic gauge couplings and have been compared to the latest theory predictions.
The most recent results on the production of single W and Z bosons with two jets at high invariant mass at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV are presented. Integrated and differential cross sections are measured in many different phase space regions with varying degree of sensitivity to the electroweak production in vector boson fusion. The cross section for the electroweak W boson production has been extracted for both integrated and for the first time differential distributions. The results are compared to state-of-the-art theory predictions and are used to constrain anomalous gauge couplings.
The production of massive vector boson pairs is a key process for the understanding of the non-abelian gauge structure of the standard model and for the comprehension of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. In this presentation, we will report the most recent inclusive and differential measurements of multiboson production with data collected by the CMS. The recent study of the production of vector boson pairs with the presence of two jets in the event will be presented as well. It allows to measure the electroweak production of vector bosons in association with jets, in particular made up through vector boson scattering (VBS) processes.
The STAR Collaboration at RHIC is exploring the partonic origin of the proton spin with a broad range of measurements in polarized pp collisions. STAR measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetry, A_N, for W boson production provide the first experimental investigation of the non-universality of the Sivers function. Precise follow-up measurements of A_N for direct photon production, Drell-Yan di-electron production, and W
boson production are underway that will both provide a definitive test of the non-universality and constrain evolution of transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) over a very wide Q^2 range. STAR measurements of interference fragmentation functions and the transverse single-spin dependence of the azimuthal modulation of pions in
jets provide the first observations of transversity in pp collisions. The results enable tests of universality and factorization-breaking effects for TMDs in hadronic interactions. Additional transverse modulations provide limits on gluon linear polarization and the twist-3 analog of the gluon Sivers distribution. The current status of these analyses and the prospects to extend them in the near future will be discussed.
COMPASS is a fixed target experiment located at the M2 beamline of the SPS accelerator at CERN. One of the most important objectives of the experiment is the study of the spin structure of the nucleon. Within the QCD parton model approach, the quark structure of the nucleon spin can be parametrized in terms of quark transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs) while the hadronization mechanism is described by Fragmentation Functions (FFs). In the experiment, specific convolutions of the TMD PDFs and FFs can be accessed through the measurement of longitudinal and transverse nucleon-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries of charged hadrons produced in semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering (SIDIS) processes. Between 2002 and 2011 COMPASS has performed a series of dedicated data-takings using 160-200 GeV/c polarized muons scattering off longitudinally or transversely polarized deuteron ($^6LiD$) and proton ($NH_3$) targets. The whole set of target spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries present in the SIDIS cross-section has been extracted.
In this talk recent COMPASS results obtained for proton spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries will be presented along with former results obtained by other collaborations and relevant theoretical model predictions.
In this contribution we investigate the transverse single spin asymmetry in the inelastic $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in $p^\uparrow p$ and $p^\uparrow A$ collisions at RHIC energies. At leading order this process probes the gluon Sivers function. We predict large values for the cross sections, which indicates that its experimental analysis is, in principle, feasible. The rapidity dependence of the single spin asymmetry is presented. We obtain that the asymmetry is strongly dependent on the model used for the gluon Sivers function and that it can be probed by the analysis of the $J/\Psi$ production at forward rapidities. Our results indicate that a future experimental analysis of this process can be useful to constrain the gluon Sivers function.
First we perform a phenomenological analysis of the cos 2φ azimuthal asymmetry in virtual photon plus jet production induced by the linear polarization of gluons in unpolarized pA collisions. Employing a small-x model input distribution, the asymmetry is found to be strongly suppressed under TMD evolution, but still remains sufficiently large to be measurable in the typical kinematical region accessible at RHIC or LHC at moderate photon virtuality, whereas it is expected to be negligible in Z/W-jet pair production at LHC. We also investigate the energy evolution of the dipole type T-odd gluon TMDs inside a transversely polarized hadron, which unify at small x. The preliminary results shows that these TMDs are also suppressed under TMD evolution.
The talk will present the complete twist-4 result for the semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scattering $e^- N \to e^-qX$ with polarized electron and proton beams at the tree level of pQCD. The calculations have been carried out using the formulism obtained after collinear expansion where the multiple gluon scattering are taken into account and gauge links are obtained automatically in a systematical way. The results show in particular that there are twist-4 contributions to all the eight twist-2 structure functions for $e^- N \to e^-hX$ that correspond to the eight twist-2 transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions. Such higher twist effects could be very significant and therefore have important impacts on extracting these three-dimensional parton distribution functions from the asymmetry data on $e^- N \to e^-hX$. The talk will first show the formulism obtained using collinear expansion then present the results for the structure functions and the azimuthal asymmetries. At the end, the talk will present also a discussion of the results obtained and a suggestion of an approximate way for a rough estimation of such higher twist contributions.
References
[1] Shu-yi Wei, Yu-kun Song, Kai-bao Chen, Zuo-tang Liang, Twist-4 contributions to semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scatterings with polarized beam and target, Phys. Rev. D95, 074017 (2017).
[2] Yu-kun Song, Jian-hua Gao, Zuo-tang Liang and Xin-Nian Wang, Azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive DIS with polarized beam and/or target and their nuclear dependences, Phys. Rev. D89, 014005 (2014).
[3] Zuo-tang and Xin-Nian Wang, Azimuthal and single spin asymmetry in deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering, Phys. Rev. D75, 094002 (2007).
The newly proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) with its unique capability to collide polarized electrons with polarized protons and light ions at unprecedented luminosity, and with almost all elements of heavy nuclei at high energy, will be the ideal and much needed facility to explore the emerging science of nuclear femtography, and take us to the next frontier of the Standard Model of physics. In this talk, I will provide an overview of EIC physics goals and challenges to reach them.
Based on current CERN infrastructure, an electron--proton collider is proposed at a center-of-mass energy of about 9 TeV. A 7 TeV LHC bunch is used as the proton driver to create a plasma wakefield which then accelerates electrons to 3 TeV, these then colliding with the other 7 TeV LHC proton beam. Although of very high energy, the collider has a modest projected integrated luminosity of 10-100 inverse pb. For such a collider, with a center-of-mass energy 30 times greater than HERA, parton momentum fractions, x, down to about 10^-8 are accessible for photon virtualities, Q^2, of 1 GeV^2. The energy dependence of hadronic cross sections at high energies, such as the the total photon-proton cross section, which has synergy with cosmic-ray physics, can be measured and QCD and the structure of matter better understood in a region where the effects are completely unknown. Searches at high Q^2 for physics beyond the Standard Model will be possible, in particular the significantly increased sensitivity to the production of leptoquarks.
Pions and kaons are, along with protons and neutrons, the main building blocks of nuclear matter. The distribution of the fundamental constituents, the quarks and gluons, is expected to be different in pions, kaons, and nucleons. However, experimental data are sparse. As a result, there has been persistent doubt about the behavior of the pion's valence quark structure function at large Bjorken-x and virtually nothing is known about the contribution of gluons. The Electron-Ion Collider with an acceptance optimized for forward physics could provide access to structure functions over a larger kinematic region. This would allow for measurements testing if the origin of mass is encoded in the differences of gluons in pions, kaons, and nucleons, and measurements that could serve as a test of assumptions used in the extraction of structure functions. Measurements at an EIC would also allow to explore the effect of gluons at high x. In this talk we will discuss the prospects of such measurements.
We review the physics opportunities [1] which are offered by a next generation and multi-purpose fixed-target experiment exploiting the LHC beams in order to study $pp$, $pd$ and $pA$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} \sim 115$ GeV as well as Pb$p$ and Pb$A$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} \sim 72$ GeV.
We propose two possible implementations, namely with an internal (polarised) gas target or with a "splitted" beam by a bent crystal which both provide typical instantaneous luminosities [1,2] for $pp$ and $pA$ collisions which surpass that of RHIC by more than 3 orders of magnitude and are comparable to those of the LHC collider mode.
We also discuss our most recent figures of merit [3,4,5] based on two already existing detector set-ups, the LHCb and the ALICE detectors.
References:
[1] S. J. Brodsky, F. Fleuret, C. Hadjidakis and J. P. Lansberg, Phys. Rept. 108 522 (2013) 239. For a complete list of references see http://after.in2p3.fr/after/index.php/Recent_published_ideas_in_favour_of_AFTER@LHC
[2] C. Barschel, P. Lenisa, A. Nass, E. Steffens. Adv.High Energy Phys. 2015 (2015) 463141.
[3] L. Massacrier, B. Trzeciak, F. Fleuret, C. Hadjidakis, D. Kikola, J.P. Lansberg, H.-S. Shao. Adv.High Energy Phys. 2015 (2015) 986348.
[4] B. Trzeciak, C. Da Silva, E.G. Ferreiro, C. Hadjidakis, D. Kikoła, J.P. Lansberg, L. Massacrier, J. Seixas, A. Uras, Z. Yang Few Body Syst. 58 (2017) 148
[5] D. Kikoła, M. G. Echevarria, C. Hadjidakis, J.P. Lansberg (Orsay, IPN), C. Lorcé, L. Massacrier, C. Marques Quintans, A. Signori, B. Trzeciak. Few Body Syst. 58 (2017) no.4, 139
The production of prompt isolated photons at hadron colliders provides a stringent test of perturbative QCD and can be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has performed precise measurements of the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, differential in both rapidity and the photon transverse momentum. In addition, the integrated and differential cross sections for isolated photon pair production and -most recently for the first time - the tri-photon production at 8 TeV have been measured. The results are compared with state-of-the-art theory predictions at NLO in QCD and with predictions of several MC generators. In particular the results of the tri-photon production highlight interesting discrepancies to advanced theory calculations.
Albeit initially designed for b-physics, LHCb has demonstrated to function very well as a general-purpose forward detector, covering the pseudo-rapidity range 2 < eta < 5.
Several measurements concerning the production of W, Z and top have been performed using LHCb data. A selection of relevant results will be presented, highlighting LHCb's new measurement of tt production at \sqrt{s}=13 TeV.
Measurements of the Drell-Yan production of W and Z/gamma bosons at the LHC provide a benchmark of our understanding of perturbative QCD and probe the proton structure in a unique way. The ATLAS collaboration has performed high precision measurements at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The measurements are performed for W+, W- and Z/gamma bosons integrated and as a function of the boson or lepton rapidity and the Z/gamma* mass. ATLAS also performed a precise triple differential cross-section measurement as a function of Mll, dilepton rapidity and cosθ∗ defined in the Collins-Soper frame. This measurement provides sensitivity to the PDFs and the Z forward-backward asymmetry, AFB.
The production of prompt photons in association with jets in proton–proton collisions provides a testing ground for perturbative QCD (pQCD) with a hard colourless probe less affected by hadronisation effects than jet production. The measurements of the angular correlations between the photon and the jets can be used to probe the dynamics of the hard-scattering process. We present here a cross-section measurement using final states with at least one, two or three hadronic jets in addition to an isolated photon, differential in a wide range of kinematic variables describing the photon+jet production dynamic. Colour-coherence effects were investigated in events with a photon accompanied by two jets. Moreover, we present the latest results on the measurement of isolated photons with jets at 13 TeV as well as on the production of photon-pairs in association with jets. We will also present for the first time measurements on the differential cross sections of isolated-photon plus heavy-flavour jet production at 8 TeV. The results are compared to recent theoretical predictions.
Recent results on associated top Higgs production at CMS are reviewed.
The search for the production of the Higgs Boson with a pair of top-anti-top quarks is both very important and very challenging. This talks presents the analyses using Higgs boson decays to bbbar pairs, to two Z bosons, to other multi-lepton final states, and to a pair of photons, using 36 fb-1 of pp collision data collected at 13 TeV, as well as their combined results.
Measurements of $t\bar{t}H$ production in the $H \to b\bar{b}$ channel depend in a critical way on the theoretical uncertainty associated with the irreducible $t\bar{t}+b$-jet background. In this paper, analysing the various topologies that account for b-jet production in association with a $t\bar{t}$ pair, we demonstrate that the process at hand is largely driven by final-state $g \to b\bar{b}$ splittings. We also show that in five-flavour simulations based on $t\bar{t}$+multi-jet merging $b$-jet production is mostly driven by the parton shower, while matrix elements play only a marginal role in the description of $g \to b\bar{b}$ splittings. Based on these observations we advocate the use of NLOPS simulations of $pp \to t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ in the four-flavour scheme, and we present a new POWHEG generator of this kind. Predictions and uncertainties for $t\bar{t}+b$-jet observables at the 13 TeV LHC are presented both for the case of stable top quarks and with spin-correlated top decays. Besides QCD scale variations we consider also theoretical uncertainties related to the POWHEG matching method and to the parton shower modelling, with emphasis on $g \to b\bar{b}$ splittings. In general, matching and shower uncertainties turn out to be remarkably small. This is confirmed also by a tuned comparison against Sherpa+OpenLoops.
In ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions the ions encounter with such a large impact parameter that no strong interaction can take place. However, the photons produced by the colliding ion can interact either with the other nucleus or with a photon from the another nucleus. The former corresponds to photoproduction studied earlier in electron-proton collisions at HERA but with a nuclear target. This provides an unique opportunity to study the nuclear modifications of the PDFs with the photo-nuclear processes measured in lead-lead collisions at the LHC. First preliminary results for photo-nuclear dijets were recently published by ATLAS and plenty of more data are expected in near future. In this talk, I will first present our recent implementation of photoproduction processes in PYTHIA 8 general-purpose Monte-Carlo event generator. The resulting simulations are compared to charged-hadron and dijet production data from different HERA experiments and the theoretical uncertainties of the framework are quantified. Then I will discuss how the relevant part of the photon flux from heavy-ions is obtained using equivalent photon approximation and present predictions for photo-nuclear dijet cross section at the LHC. To estimate the potential of this data to further constrain the nuclear PDFs, the expected statistical uncertainty based on LHC luminosity is compared to uncertainties in current nuclear PDF analyses.
Muon reconstruction and identification play a fundamental role in many analyses of central importance in the LHC run-2 Physics pro- gramme. The algorithms and the criteria used in ATLAS for the re- construction and identification of muons with transverse momentum from a few GeV to the TeV scale will be presented. Their performance is measured in data based on the decays of Z and J/ψ to pair of muons, that provide a large statistics calibration sample. Reconstruction and identification efficiencies are evaluated, as well as momentum scales and resolutions, and the results are used to derive precise MC simula- tion corrections. Isolation selection criteria and their performances in presence of high pileup will also be presented.
Isolated photons with high transverse energy have been studied in
deep inelastic $ep$ scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using
an integrated luminosity of $326\, \mathrm{pb}^{-1}$ in the range of
exchanged-photon virtuality $10 - 350 \,\, \mathrm{GeV}^2$. Outgoing
isolated photons with transverse energy $4< E_T^\gamma< 15$ GeV and
pseudorapidity $-0.7 < \eta^\gamma < 0.9$ were measured with accompanying
jets having transverse energy and pseudorapidity $2.5 < E_T^{\rm jet} <35$ GeV
and $-1.5< \eta^{\rm jet} < 1.8$, respectively. Differential cross sections
are presented for the following variables: the fraction of the
incoming photon energy and momentum that is transferred to the
outgoing photon and the leading jet; the fraction of the incoming
proton energy transferred to the photon and leading jet; the differences in
azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity between the outgoing photon and the
leading jet and between the outgoing photon and the scattered
electron. Comparisons are made with theoretical predictions: a
leading-logarithm Monte Carlo simulation, a next-to-leading-order QCD
prediction, and a prediction using the $k_T$-factorisation approach.
We report a measurement of the cross section for K^0_S pair production in single-tag two-photon collisions, gamma gamma → K^0_S K^0_S for Q^2 up to 30 GeV^2, where Q^2 is the negative of the invariant mass squared of the tagged photon. The measurement covers the kinematic range 1.0 GeV < W < 2.6 GeV and |cos theta|<1.0 for the total energy and kaon scattering angle, respectively, in the gamma* gamma center-of-mass system. These results are based on a data sample of 759 fb-1 collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider. For the first time, the transition form factor of the f'2(1525) meson is measured separately for the helicity-0, -1, and -2 components and also compared with theoretical calculations. Finally, the partial decay widths of the chi_c0 and chi_c2 mesons are measured as a function of Q^2.
Measurements of single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions are presented based on the 8 TeV and 13 TeV ATLAS datasets. In the leading order process, a W boson is exchanged in the t-channel. The cross-section for the production of single top-quarks and single anti-top-quarks, their ratio, as well as differential cross-section measurements are also reported. These analyses include limits on anomalous contributions to the Wtb vertex and measurement of the top quark polarization. Measurements of the inclusive and differential cross-sections for the production of a single top quark in association with a W boson, the second largest single-top production mode, are also presented. Finally, evidence for s-channel single-top production in the 8 TeV ATLAS dataset is presented. All measurements are compared to state-of-the-art theoretical calculations.
A comprehensive set of measurements of top quark pair and single top quark production in association with EWK bosons (W, Z or ɣ) is presented. The results are compared to theory predictions and re-interpreted as searches for new physics inducing deviations from the standard model predictions using an effective field theory approach. The status of the search for four top quark production, to which the LHC experiments are starting to be sensitive, and that has important BSM re-interpretations, is also reported.
The large centre-of-mass energy available at the proton-proton collider LHC allows for the copious production of top quark pairs in association with other final state particles at high transverse momenta. The ATLAS experiment has measured several final state observables that are sensitive to additional radiation in top anti-top quark final states. Results on the top production in association with W and Z bosons are presented as well as top pair production with a photon. Analyses probing top pair production with additional QCD radiation are also presented, including top pair production in association with additional heavy flavour jets. These measurements are compared to predictions of modern Monte Carlo generators based on NLO QCD matrix element or LO multi-leg matrix elements.
Precise measurements of the properties of the top quark test the Standard Model (SM) and can be used to constrain new physics models. As it may be significantly enhanced by the presence of new physics, the ttbar production charge asymmetry is measured inclusively and differentially using the 8 TeV ATLAS dataset using both the lepton+jets and dilepton channels, including a dedicated measurement for highly boosted top-quarks. The top-quark is predicted in the SM to decay almost exclusively into a W boson and a b-quark. We present a wide range of searches for non-SM top quark decays using the 13 TeV ATLAS datasets, including t->q H and t->q Z. In addition, measurements of the spin correlation and colour flow in ttbar production are presented.
In this talk, I will discuss the relevance of using quarkonium-hadroproduction data in order to study the gluon TMDs in unpolarised protons. I will discuss the case of single $\eta_c$ production as well as that of $J/\psi(\Upsilon)+\gamma$ and $J/\psi$ pairs. In particular, I will discuss our first extraction of $f_1^g$ using the di-$J/\psi$ LHCb data and argue that $h_1^{\perp g}$ can be extracted in the near future with data taken in the CMS and ATLAS acceptances. I will also discuss how the newly introduced matching procedure based on an inverse-error weighting can help connect such studies with computations made in the collinear factorisation.
The first measurement of transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal
asymmetries in the pion-induced Drell-Yan (DY) process will be
presented, which was reported in PRL 119, 112002. We use the CERN SPS
190 GeV/c pi- beam and a transversely polarized ammonia target.
Three azimuthal asymmetries giving access to different
transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions
(PDFs) are extracted using dimuon events with invariant mass between
4.3 GeV/c2 and 8.5 GeV/c2. Within the experimental uncertainties,
the observed sign of the Sivers asymmetry is found to be consistent
with the fundamental prediction of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) that
the Sivers TMD PDFs extracted from DY have a sign opposite to the one
extracted from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data.
We present two other asymmetries originating from the pion
Boer-Mulders TMD PDFs convoluted with either the nucleon transversity
or pretzelosity TMD PDFs. A recent COMPASS SIDIS measurement was
obtained at a hard scale comparable to that of these DY results. This
opens the way for possible tests of fundamental QCD universality
predictions.
Transverse single-spin asymmetries (TSSA) of light hadron production from $p^{\uparrow}+p$ collisions provide valuable information on the spin structure of the nucleon. TSSA in the process $p^\uparrow + p \rightarrow h+X$ has been described in terms of twist-3 spin-dependent three-parton correlation functions, or twist-3 fragmentation functions in the QCD collinear factorization approach. In addition, studying the TSSA for inclusive hadron production in $p^{\uparrow}+A$ collisions can give new insight on the underlying mechanism because different contributions to the TSSA are affected differently by the saturation effect in large nuclei. We will report a recent study on the TSSA of charged hadron production at forward and backward ($1.4<|\eta|<2.4$) rapidity over the the transverse momentum range of $1.25
We study the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of quarks and gluons in the nucleon in the small-x region. We argue, in two different ways, that the gluon OAM significantly cancels the gluon helicity distribution at small-x. A similar cancellation occurs also in the quark sector.
In this talk I will summarize the current design status of eRHIC with special emphasis on the integration of the EIC Physics requirements into the accelerator design.
An Electron Ion Collider (EIC) has been identified in the Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan as the highest-priority facility for new construction. This talk presents an overview and status of the Jefferson Lab design of an EIC (JLEIC). It features frequent collisions of small electron and ion bunches providing a luminosity of $10^{33}$-$10^{34}$ cm$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ in a broad range of the center-of-mass energy. The small size of ion bunches is maintained against intra-beam scattering by a novel high-energy bunched beam electron cooling system. The figure-8 shape of the electron and all ion rings allows for preservation and ease of manipulation of the electron polarization and the spin of any ion species (p, d, $^3$He, Li, etc.). The interaction region is designed to accommodate a full-acceptance detector with complete coverage and geometry tagging in the forward and ultra-forward directions. The talk highlights recent progress on the JLEIC accelerator design with an emphasis on the integrated interaction region design.
In this talk I will present an overview of the
scientific opportunities that would be addressed by the Electron-Ion-Collider
in China (EicC).
The polarized EicC will open up a new window to study
the one and three dimensions (3D) nucleon structure for both sea and valence
quarks and help fully understand the strong interaction.
In the first phase the EicC will be 3~ 5 GeV polarized
electron on 12 ~ 25 GeV polarized proton (and ions about 12 GeV/nucleon), with
luminosity ~10^{33} /cm2/s . We will
focus on discuss the EIC plan and its exciting physics potentials.
We report on a detector concept, TOPSiDE, being developed for the EIC
Electron-Ion Collider. TOPSiDE aims a the detection and identification
of all particles created in electron-proton/ion collisions at the EIC
while achieving the best possible momentum/energy resolution. The
measurement of hadronic jets exploits the advantages offered by Particle
Flow Algorithms (PFAs), which in turn require imaging calorimetry. Particle
identification is achieved through time-of-flight measurements in the tracker
and the electromagnetic calorimeter, necessitating the application of
ultra-fast silicon sensors. In the forward (hadron) direction the particles
are identified with a Cerenkov detector covering forward angles up to 10
degrees and a dipole or toroidal magnet for momentum measurement. The talk
presents the detector concept, the status of its simulation software, first
studies performed with a completed simulation tool chain, and the status
of the detector R&D related to the novel and challenging aspects of the
concept detector.
The proposed sPHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), together with RHIC’s unique capabilities to collide polarized protons and heavy nuclei, will open the door to exciting new measurements to enhance our understanding of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). These measurements will reveal more about how partons behave in a nuclear environment, explore spin-spin and spin-momentum correlations in the nucleon, and provide data to investigate effects of non-universality. A potential upgrade to sPHENIX with forward instrumentation could significantly enhance these physics capabilities. The medium-energy nuclear physics program for the proposed sPHENIX midrapidity detector as well as the enhanced program enabled with forward upgrades will be presented.
Lunchbox provided
Results of the QCD analysis of a variety of the
hard-scattering data is over-viewed with a particular
focus on determination of the quark distributions in the nucleon.
A potential of the recent precise data collected at the LHC
for the problem of quark species disentangling is discussed and
compared to the impact of the low-energy fixed-target data
Finally, remaining challenges and potential improvements in the field are outlined.
We discuss the most recent updates to the PDFs obtained in the MMHT framework.
We study of the impact of the most recent LHC data and in particular focus on issues in finding good fits to these data given the very high precision now
available and the implications for PDFs and their uncertainties.
We present the recent progress on parton distribution functions (PDF) of the proton from the CTEQ-TEA collaboration.
We present a new set of parton distributions, NNPDF3.1, which updates NNPDF3.0, the first global set of PDFs determined using a methodology validated by a closure test. The update is motivated by recent progress in methodology and available data, and involves both. On the methodological side, we now parametrize and determine the charm PDF alongside the light quarks and gluon ones, thereby increasing from seven to eight the number of independent PDFs. On the data side, we now include the D0 electron and muon W asymmetries from the final Tevatron dataset, the complete LHCb measurements of W and Z production in the forward region at 7 and 8 TeV, and new ATLAS and CMS measurements of inclusive jet and electroweak boson production. We also include for the first time top-quark pair differential distributions and the transverse momentum of the Z bosons from ATLAS and CMS. We investigate the impact of parametrizing charm and provide evidence that the accuracy and stability of the PDFs are thereby improved. We study the impact of the new data by producing a variety of determinations based on reduced datasets. We find that both improvements have a significant impact on the PDFs, with some substantial reductions in uncertainties, but with the new PDFs generally in agreement with the previous set at the one sigma level. The most significant changes are seen in the light-quark flavor separation, and in increased precision in the determination of the gluon. We explore the implications of NNPDF3.1 for LHC phenomenology at Run II, compare with recent LHC measurements at 13 TeV, provide updated predictions for Higgs production cross-sections and discuss the strangeness and charm content of the proton in light of our improved dataset and methodology. The NNPDF3.1 PDFs are delivered for the first time both as Hessian sets, and as optimized Monte Carlo sets with a compressed number of replicas.
In the present paper, the ATLAS inclusive $W^{\pm}$ and $Z$ boson production data are analysed together with the CMS inclusive $W^{\pm}$ and $Z$ boson production data to investigate any possible tensions between the data sets and to determine the strange sea fraction, within the framework of a parton distribution function fit at next-to next-to leading order in perturbative QCD.
The sensitivity of CMS measurements to Parton Distribution Functions, strong coupling constant and treatment of heavy flavours in QCD analyses is presented. CMS data collected at various center-of-mass energies and their impact on the PDFs are presented. Measurements of cross sections of jet and to-quark pair production are in particular sensitive to the gluon distribution in the proton and the strong coupling, while the electroweak boson production - inclusive or associated with charm or beauty quarks give insight into the flavour separation of the proton sea and give hints to the treatment of heavy quarks in PDF-related studies.
A correct modelling of the underlying event in proton-proton collisions is important for the proper simulation of kinematic distributions of high-energy collisions. The ATLAS collaboration extended previous studies at 7 TeV with a leading track or jet or Z boson by a new study at 13 TeV, measuring the number and transverse-momentum sum of charged particles as a function of pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle in dependence of the reconstructed leading track. These measurements are sensitive to the underlying-event as well as the onset of hard emissions. The results are compared to predictions of several MC generators. Further studies shed light on the correlated hadron production, which are an important source of information about the early stages of hadron formation, not yet understood from first principles. In this presentation, we will discuss Bose-Einstein correlations measured with the ATLAS detector along with an analysis of the momentum difference between charged hadrons in high–energy proton–proton collisions. The latter allows the investigation of observables sensitive to the predictions of the quantized string model.
We present results on the measurement of the underlying event at 13 TeV and recent results from Minimum Bias measurements with the CMS experiment.
New CMS PYTHIA 8 event tunes are presented. The new tunes are obtained using minimum bias and underlying event observables using Monte Carlo configurations with consistent parton distribution functions and strong coupling constant values in the matrix element and the parton shower. Validation and performance studies are presented by comparing the predictions of the new tune to various soft- and hard-QCD measurements at 7, 8 and 13 TeV with CMS.
Inclusive four-jet events produced in proton--proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV have been analyzed for the presence of hard double parton scattering collected with the ATLAS detector. The contribution of hard double parton scattering to the production of four-jet events has been extracted using an artificial neural network. The assumption made was that hard double parton scattering can be represented by a random combination of dijet events. In addition, a sample enriched with double parton scattering events was extracted and several characteristics of these events were studied. The measurements have been compared to different MC generator predictions.
We present recent results on Double Parton Scattering (DPS) studies using data collected during Run 1 and Run 2 of the LHC with the CMS experiment. Double parton scattering is investigated in several final states including vector bosons and multi-jets. Measurements of observables designed to highlight the DPS contribution are shown and compared to MC predictions from models based on multiple partonic interactions (MPI) phenomenology.
In a recent article (1801.06113), we discussed the possibility of using simple matrix elements to produce probabilities of rearranging the colour chains in dipole shower algorithms. Due to the changed density of larger and smaller dipole chains, particle spectra and standard observables are modified. In the talk, I will discuss the idea and the consequences for tuning and the soft model of event generators. Comparisons to collider data from LEP, HERA and LHC are included.
Over the years many different types of fits for the strong coupling constant have been performed. However one high precision result that currently significantly differs from the world average are results from event shapes at electron positron colliders. One possible source for the difference in these results could be the degeneracy between the fit of the strong coupling constant and non-perturbative parameter. In this talk I will explore the possibility to apply jet substructure techniques, specifically soft drop, in order to break the degeneracy between the non-perturbative parameter and the strong coupling constant.
Calculations of jet substructure observables which are accurate beyondleading-logarithmic accuracy have recently become available. Such observables are significant not only for probing a new regime of QCD at a hadron collider, but also for improving the understanding of jet substructure properties that are used in many studies at the Large Hadron Collider. In this talk, we discuss first measurement of jet substructure quantities at a hadron collider, calculated at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithm accuracy. The soft drop mass is measured in dijet events with the ATLAS detector at 13 TeV, unfolded to particle-level and compared to Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, we present a measurement of the splitting scales in the kt jet-clustering algorithm for final states containing a Z-boson candidate at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data are also corrected for detector effects and are compared to state-of-the-art Monte Carlo predictions.
In order to exploit the abundance of high momentum heavy particles produced at LHC (top, W/Z and Higgs) and decaying hadronically, the study of jet substucture has become increasingly important throughout a wide array of searches and measurements. The latest ATLAS results in terms of jet substructure measurements and calibrations are presented including studies of performance sensitivity to pileup, with several grooming algorithms and recently developed constituent level pile up mitigation techniques.
We present results on measurements of characteristics of events with jets, from jet-charge over investigations of shapes to jet mass distributions, and angular correlations in multi-jet events. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions including those matched to parton shower and hadronization.
Measurements of the inclusive and differential top-quark pair cross sections in proton-proton collisions at both 8 and 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are presented. The inclusive measurements reach high precision and are compared to the best available theoretical calculations. Differential measurements of the kinematic properties of the top quark production are also discussed. These measurements, including results using boosted top quarks, probe our understanding of top quark pair production in the TeV regime. The results, unfolded to particle and parton level, are compared to predictions of Monte Carlo generators implementing NLO matrix elements matched with parton showers and NNLO QCD theory calculations.
In this work we will present predictions for top-quark pair differential distributions at the LHC13 at NNLO QCD accuracy and including EW corrections. For the latter we include not only contributions of ${\mathcal O}(\alpha_s^2 \alpha)$, but also those of order ${\mathcal O}(\alpha_s \alpha^2)$ and ${\mathcal O}( \alpha^3)$. We will discuss the difference between the additive and multiplicative approach for the combination of QCD and EW corrections. Furthermore we will present results for the inclusive $A_C$ as well as several differential asymmetries at the LHC8. The material presented will be based on the arXiv:1705.04105 and arXiv:1711.03945 papers.
Differential measurements of top quark pair and single top quark (t-channel) production cross sections are presented using data collected by CMS at different centre-of-mass energies. The cross sections are measured as a function of various kinematic observables of the top quarks and the jets and leptons of the event final state. The ttbar measurements are extended to the TeV range using jet substructure techniques to exploit the boosted regime. The multiplicity and kinematic distributions of the jets produced in addition to the top quark pair are also investigated. The results are confronted with precise theory calculations.
We present an upgrade of the venerable FONLL code to handle top quark production. Predictions for large transverse momentum distributions at NLO+NLL accuracy are presented. Comparisons to recent experimental data, and to NNLO fixed order predictions and to SCET resummations, as well as to Monte Carlos matched to NLO predictions, are performed. Phenomenological relevance of the large transverse momentum resummation at a future FCC hadron collider is investigated.
In this talk we introduce a newly developed scheme based on an extension of the 5F flavour scheme, which treats $b$ quarks as massless partons, to include full heavy quark mass dependency. We name this extension five-flavour massive scheme. We implement this scheme at MC@NLO accuracy in Sherpa. We present some results, obtained in this scheme, for $b$ quarks produced in association with a vector boson or a Higgs boson.
The STAR experiment is planning to upgrade the forward rapidity region (2.5 < eta < 4.5) to enable novel measurements in p+p, p+A and A+A collisions. The upgrade is motivated by exploration of cold QCD physics in the very high and low regions of Bjorken x. The current design envisions a Calorimeter System (FCS) that integrates parts of the refurbished PHENIX sampling ECal and a hadronic calorimeter (sandwich iron scintillator plates). In addition to the FCS, a Forward Tracking System (FTS) is also proposed to discriminate the hadron charge sign in p+p and p+A collisions at high momenta p<80 GeV/c. The design combines three Silicon mini-strip disks and four Small-Strip Thin Gap Chamber (sTGC) wheels similar to the ATLAS muon detector upgrade. In addition, STAR's excellent capabilities at midrapidity are upgraded to moderate forward kinematics (|eta| < 1.7) for the Beam Energy Scan (phase II) and beyond. The full set of upgrades will enable key physics opportunities in three broad areas of interest: the dynamics of low and high x partons in cold nuclear matter (CNM);Â modification of fragmentation and hadronization of partons through interactions within CNM; experiments to study the 2+1d momentum and spatial structure of protons and nuclei. These measurements will provide critical new insights into the QCD structure of nucleons and nuclei in the near term, as well as the high
precision data that will be essential to enable rigorous universality tests when combined with future results from the EIC.
The quark-gluon dynamics manifests itself in a set of non-perturbative functions describing all possible spin-spin and spin-orbit correlations. The Transverse Momentum Dependent parton distributions (TMDs) and Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) carry information not only on the longitudinal but also on the transverse momentum and position of partons, providing rich and direct information on the orbital motion of quarks. Studies of the 3D PDFs are currently driving the upgrades of several existing facilities (JLab, COMPASS and RHIC), and the design and construction of new facilities worldwide (EIC, FAIR, and JPARC).
Although the interest in GPDs and TMD PDFs has grown enormously, we are still in need of fresh theoretical and phenomenological ideas.
The main remaining challenges are extractions of actual 3D PDFs from different spin and azimuthal angle dependent distributions in a reliable and model independent way. In this talk, we present an overview of current status and future measurements of the 3D structure of the nucleon using exclusive and semi-inclusive production of photons and hadrons with the CLAS12 detector at Jefferson Lab.
As a part of the general nucleon imaging effort, there have been many efforts to access the transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) by using the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scatterings (SIDIS) processes. The recently upgraded Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLab) provides golden opportunities to study them in valence quark region. The TMDs describe the three-dimensional, spin-correlated distributions of quarks and gluons in the nucleon in momentum space. The corresponding SIDIS measurements require high intensity and polarization with large kinematic coverage which will be provided by several different detectors. We will highlight some of the SIDIS results from the 6 GeV era and present an overview of the planned JLab TMD program in the 12 GeV era. This work is supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-FG02-03ER41231.
In this work, we present a systematic study on the feasibility of probing the largely unexplored gluon Sivers function (GSF) based on the open charm production, charged dihadron and dijet method at a future high energy, high luminosity Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). Sivers function describes the anisotropy of parton distributions inside a transversely polarized nucleon in the momentum space and provides us a complete picture of the 2+1D structure of the nucleons. It is proposed that the GSF can be studied through the single spin asymmetry (SSA) measurement in the photongluon fusion channel with electron proton collisions at the EIC. Using a well tuned Monte Carlo model for deep inelastic scatterings, we estimate the possible constraints of the gluon Sivers effect one can draw from the future EIC data. Comparisons of all the possible measurements further illustrate that the dijet method is the most promising way to demonstrate the presence of GSF and pin down its evolution effect.
This panel discussion will be chaired and moderated by Aharon Levy.
For more detail, see https://indico.cern.ch/event/656250/page/13094-discussion-for-a-document-for-european-strategy-update
More questions and discussions from the audience and remote participants.
The polarized electron accelerator at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) in Newport News, Virginia, USA yields a robust program for the study of the spin physics of the nucleon. The CLAS detector and longitudinally polarized target in Hall-B at JLab were employed in multiple measurements of spin-structure functions for the proton and neutron in the resonance and DIS regions at beam energies of up to 6 GeV. Recently published results from the EG1 experiment present extensive measurements of the $g_1$ and $g_2$ structure functions for the proton over a wide kinematic range (0.05 $< Q^2 <$ $ 5$ GeV$^2$ and 1.08 $< W < $ 3 GeV). These data, together with data from the related EG4 and EG1-DVCS experiments in Hall-B, help constrain global models of structure functions, virtual photon asymmetries, and parton helicity distributions, and provide more precise values of higher-twist matrix elements in the framework of the Operator Product Expansion.
The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National
Laboratory is carrying out a spin physics program in high-energy polarized proton collisions
to gain a deeper insight into the spin structure and
dynamics of the proton.
The collision of polarized protons at $\sqrt{s}=510\,$GeV opens a new era of spin-flavor
structure measurements from $W^{+}/W^{-}$ boson production through a measurement of the longitudinal single-spin asymmetry, $A_{L}$. In addition, the measurement of the cross-section ratio of $W^{+}/W^{-}$ boson production provides an independent way to probe the ratio of unpolarized $\bar{d}$ and $\bar{u}$ quark distribution functions. $W^{-(+)}$ bosons are produced in $\bar{u}+d\,(\bar{d}+u)$ collisions and can be detected through their leptonic decays, $e^{-}+\bar{\nu}_{e}\;(e^{+}+\nu_{e})$, where only the respective charged lepton is measured. The discrimination of $\bar{u}+d\;(\bar{d}+u)$ quark combinations requires distinguishing between high $p_{T}$ $e^{-(+)}$ through their opposite charge sign, which in turn requires precise tracking information.
The main STAR detector sub-systems used in this measurement are the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) and the Barrel and Endcap Electromagnetic Calorimeters (BEMC, EEMC). The TPC provides tracking inside an axial magnetic field of $0.5\,$T for a pseudorapidity range of $|\eta|<1.3$. The BEMC and EEMC provide full azimuthal coverage for $|\eta|<1$ and $1.09<\eta<2$, respectively. This detector acceptance range measuring scattered $e^{-(+)}$ from $W^{-(+)}$ boson decays in polarized proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=510\,$GeV allows to probe a kinematic range of roughly $0.05 The status and recent STAR results will be presented on the measurement of $W^{+}/W^{-}$ longitudinal single-spin asymmetry and the cross-section ratio based on data samples taken in 2011, 2012 and 2013. These results are expected to provide important constraints through a global analysis on the understanding of $\bar{d}$ and $\bar{u}$ quark distribution functions.
The W measurement at RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) provides unique access to the sea quark polarization of the proton. By measuring decay leptons from parity-violating W bosons, which only coupled to left-handed quarks and right-handed antiquarks, a clean, fragmentation free measurement is possible in addition to natural flavor separation. In this talk, we present status and results of single longitudinal spin asymmetry ($A_L$) measurements at PHENIX with data collected in 2011-2013.
We present the first extraction of the transversity distribution in the framework of collinear factorization based on the global analysis of pion-pair production in deep-inelastic scattering off transversely polarized targets and in proton-proton collisions with one transversely polarized proton. The extraction relies on the knowledge of dihadron fragmentation functions, which are taken from the analysis of electron-positron annihilation data. For the first time, the chiral-odd transversity is extracted from a global analysis similar to what is usually done for the chiral-even spin averaged and helicity distributions. The knowledge of transversity is important for detecting possible signals of new physics in high-precision low-energy experiments.
We discuss the first attempt at a "global fit" of unpolarized Transverse Momentum Distributions, using data from semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan processes. We describe the main features of this extraction, compare its outcome with new data, and discuss what further developments are needed.
We present recent results on forward energy flow and forward jet production measurements in CMS, including measurements with proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, and proton-lead collisions at 5 TeV.
We improve the state-of-the-art description of the disappearance of the away-side peak in forward pA collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energies in the framework of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC).
Using the recently proposed improved transverse momentum dependent (ITMD) factorization formula for two-particle production in the back-to-back limit, we derive a parameter-free cross section for the production of two hadrons in dilute-dense collisions, in which the TMD gluon distributions describing the saturated targets are obtained by solving the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with running coupling corrections.
The resulting cross section provides a good description of the disappearance of the away-side peak in d+Au collisions observed in current RHIC data, although non-CGC effects missing in our calculation prevent us from capturing the overall shape of the di-hadron yield as we move away from $\Delta\phi = \pi$.
We predict the away-side peak of upcoming p+Au data at $\sqrt{𝑠}$ = 200 𝐺𝑒𝑉 to be systematically suppressed by a factor 2 with respect to p+p.
We propose to study the rapidity dependence of the away-side peak suppression as an auxiliary strong proof of gluon saturation in experimental data.
Using the formalism of the light-cone wave function in perturbative QCD together with the hybrid factorization, we compute the cross-section for three particle production at forward rapidities in proton-nucleus collisions. In this picture, the three produced partons — a quark accompanied by a gluon pair, or two quarks plus one antiquark — are all generated via two successive splittings of a quark from the incoming proton, that was originally collinear with the latter. The three partons are put on-shell by their scattering off the nuclear target, described as Lorentz-contracted “shockwave”. We explicitly compute the three-parton Fock space components of the light-cone wave function of the incoming quark and also the “production” state, which describes the scattering between this dressed quark state and the shockwave for the purposes of computing particle production. This “production” state is also an ingredient for other interesting calculations, like the next-to-leading order correction to the cross-section for the production of a pair of jets.
We calculate the transverse momentum dependent gluon-to-gluon splitting function within kT-factorization, generalizing the framework employed in the calculation of the quark splitting functions in [1205.1759, 1511.08439, 1607.01507] and demonstrate at the same time the consistency of the extended formalism with previous results. While existing versions of kT factorized evolution equations contain already a gluon-to-gluon splitting function i.e. the leading order BFKL kernel or the CCFM kernel, the obtained splitting function has the important property that it reduces both to the leading order BFKL kernel in the high energy limit, to the DGLAP gluon-to-gluon splitting function in the collinear limit as well as to the CCFM kernel in the soft limit. At the same time we demonstrate that this splitting kernel can be obtained from a direct calculation of the QCD Feynman diagrams, based on a combined implementation of the Curci-Furmanski-Petronzio formalism for the calculation of the collinear splitting functions and the framework of high energy factorization.
We discuss the \gamma \to \rho^0 impact factor, i.e., the transition amplitude of a photon to a neutral vector meson \rho^0, where the transition is mediated by the two t-channel gluons. The impact factor is a building block in the QCD descriptions of high-energy exclusive processes like $\gamma p \to V p$, and $\gamma\gamma \to V V$, with $V = \rho^0, \omega, \phi$, …. In the framework of QCD factorization, the impact factor is expressed as a convolution of the partonic amplitude, $\gamma g \to q\bar{q} g$, in perturbation theory and the quark-antiquark light-cone distribution amplitudes for the vector meson V. The corresponding factorization formula has been successfully derived for the case of the longitudinal polarization of V. For the transverse polarization of V, however, the corresponding formula is associated with the higher twist (twist-three) contributions and the factorization is known to break down due to infrared divergences which manifest themselves as endpoint singularities arising in the convolution integral. This fact indicates that the impact factor for the transversely polarized vector meson is dominated by the non-factorizable’’ soft contributions. We study the $\gamma \to \rho^0$ impact factor constructing the light-cone QCD sum rules for the corresponding amplitudes, which allow us to estimate the relevant soft contributions in a largely model-independent way, with the use of dispersion relations and quark-hadron duality. We are able to obtain the finite result for the impact factor with the transversely polarized $\rho^0$ meson,
$\rho^0_T$’’, as well as for $\rho^0_L$ with the longitudinal polarization. We compare our results with the approach based on the vector meson dominance model associated with the pomeron exchange. As an application, we calculate the cross sections for $\rho^0\rho^0$ production in two-photon collisions, in particular, the cross sections for $\gamma\gamma \to \rho^0_L\rho^0_T$ with the different polarizations in the forward productions of the $\rho^0$ mesons, which may be measured in Belle II experiment.
Results on Higgs differential cross-sections measurements at CMS are reviewed.
Measurements and searches of Higgs boson decays to two third- or two second-generation quarks or leptons are presented using 36 fb-1 of pp collision data collected at 13 TeV.
Measurements of Higgs boson properties and cross sections measured in Higgs boson decays to two photons, two Z bosons, and two W bosons based on pp collision data collected at 13 TeV are presented. In addition, results from the combination of different decay channels are shown.
Observation of Higgs in tautau is reported, together with results from Higgs in bb and mumu decays.
Measurement of the properties of the Higgs boson, especially in the gamma-gamma and ZZ channels, are reported.
Theories beyond the Standard Model predict Higgs boson decays at a much enhanced rate compared to the Standard Model, e.g. for decays to Z+photon or a meson and a photon, or decays that do not exist in the Standard Model, such as decays into two light bosons (a). This talk presents recent results based on 36 fb-1 of pp collision data collected at 13 TeV.
The production of jets and electroweak gauge bosons in association with a jet, V+jet, constitute two important classes of standard-candle processes at the LHC. Owing to the large event rate and the direct sensitivity to the strong coupling constant and the gluon PDF, they provide an ideal testing ground for our understanding of perturbative QCD in a hadron-collider environment.
I give an overview of the recent theory development for these processes and present phenomenological results and their impact on the interpretation of experimental data.
We present the first threshold and jet radius jointly resummed cross section for single-inclusive hadronic jet production. We work at next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy and our framework allows for a systematic extension beyond the currently achieved precision. Longstanding numerical issues are overcome by performing the resummation directly in momentum space within Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET). We present numerical results for the LHC with and without the joint resummation for different choices of jet radii and observe that the resummation leads to crucial improvements in the description of the data.
We present measurements of differential jet cross sections over a wide range in transverse momenta from inclusive jets to multi-jet final states. Studies on the impact that these measurements have on the determination of the strong coupling alpha_s as well as on parton density functions are reported.
The production of inclusive jets and di-jets at hadron colliders provides a stringent test of perturbative QCD at the highest energies. The process can also be used to probe the gluon density function of the proton. The ATLAS collaboration has measured the inclusive jet production cross section in 20.3 /fb of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 8TeV and in 3.2 /fb of data collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV. The measurements have been performed differentially in jet rapidity and transverse momentum. The collaboration also presents a measurement of the di-jet cross section at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV as a function of the di-jet mass and rapidity-difference. The results have been compared with state-of-the-art theory predictions at NLO in pQCD, interfaced with different parton distribution functions. Special focus is drawn on the correlation models of the associated systematic uncertainties and the interpretation of the chi2-values resulting from theory comparisons. The 13 TeV measurements have also been compared with the more recent NNLO predictions.
A high-energy high-luminosity polarized Electron Ion Collider (EIC) was enthusiastically recommended
by the US nuclear science advisory committee (NSAC), as the highest priority new facility
to be built in the US, in its long range planning exercise conducted in 2015. Understanding the role
played by the gluons in binding quarks and gluons in nucleons and nuclei — most of the visible
universe — is the central goal of the EIC. We will summarize the science case for the EIC and
discuss the status of the project on the path to realization.
In electron-proton collisions, the incoming electron is coupled directly to a parton of the proton with the exchange of a virtual photon, which has properties close to a real photon when the transfer momentum is small. In QCD, the exchanged physical photon can be approximated as a superposition of the bare photon state (direct process) and the hadronic photon state (resolved process). We discuss how the measurement of di-jets can be utilized to separate these two types of processes. Measuring di-jets in quasi-real photoproduction events, one can effectively access the underlying parton structure of the exchanged photons.
The unpolarized photon PDFs can be extracted with high precision from the di-jet cross section. It will be shown that the polarized PDFs for photons can for the first time be extracted by measuring the double spin asymmetry as function of x_{\gamma}. A tagging method is used to probe the flavor of the parton content experimentally. In addition, we will discuss the effects of the underlying event on these measurements.
Exclusive vector meson electroproduction over a broad $Q^2$ range offers a unique opportunity to probe the gluon structure of nuclei to measure nuclear shadowing, and to search for gluon saturation and/or the colored glass condensate at an Electron-Ion Collider. Understanding the kinematic distributions and cross sections for specific processes can impact detector design to maximize their acceptance and strengthen the physics case. We will discuss predictions from a Monte Carlo generator eSTARlight, a tool developed to study production of exclusive vector meson final states. We present final state distributions and production rates for the $\rho$, $\phi$, J/$\psi$, $\psi'$ and the $\Upsilon$ states in $ep$ and $eA$ collisions at the different energies.
A new analysis of published experimental data from the HERMES experiment has been performed. This analysis extracts new information on the space-time properties of color propagation through fitting to a geometric model of the interaction with a realistic nuclear density distribution. Our approach uses a simultaneous fit to the transverse momentum broadening observable and the hadronic multiplicity ratio; the simultaneous fit to two different observables strongly constrains the outcome. We extract the color lifetime, or production time, for the first time. We also extract estimates for the $\hat q$ transport coefficient characterizing the strength of the interaction between the quark and the cold nuclear medium transverse to the direction of the quark. With a three-parameter model we obtain satisfactory fits to the data for the kinematic conditions approximately corresponding to the current fragmentation region. Quark energy loss was also parametrized using a 4-parameter variant of the model, and it was found not to play a significant role in describing the data. We note the important impact of the functional form of the distribution of production lengths on present and future data. Using simple kinematic arguments, we use these results to predict the color lifetime for typical kinematic conditions for 5 GeV measurements at Jefferson lab, for 11 GeV beam at the upgraded Jefferson Lab, and at the energies of the future Electron-Ion Collider.
DIS on the deuteron with detection of a proton in the nuclear fragmentation region ("spectator tagging") represents a unique method for extracting the neutron structure functions and their spin dependence. The measured proton recoil momentum (~ few 100 MeV in the deuteron rest frame) controls the nuclear configuration during the DIS process and allows one to eliminate nuclear binding effects by extrapolating to the on-shell point (free neutron). Such measurements could be performed at a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) with suitable forward detectors. We report about recent progress in the theory and simulation of neutron structure measurements with spectator tagging at EIC. This includes (a) development of a theoretical model of nuclear final-state interactions in spectator tagging at intermediate x (~0.1-0.5), caused by the exposure of the spectator nucleon to slow hadrons produced in the DIS process on the active nucleon [arXiv:1706.02244]; (b) calculation of the proton recoil momentum distribution, as determined by initial-state deuteron structure (S and D-waves) and final-state interactions; (c) simulations of recoil momentum measurements and neutron structure extraction at EIC under realistic conditions (beam momentum spread, resolution of forward detectors).
Heavy flavor production in DIS (open charm, beauty) provides a direct probe of the gluon density in the target. It can be used to determine the unknown nuclear modifications of the gluon density at large x (EMC effect, antishadowing), which reveal the fundamental QCD substructure of nucleon interactions in the nucleus. We report about a study of open charm production in nuclear DIS at a future EIC. This includes (a) the charm production rates and kinematic distributions at large x; (b) charm reconstruction with exclusive D-meson decays and/or inclusive modes, enabled by the PID and vertex detection capabilities of EIC; (c) the impact of charm data on nuclear gluons; (d) possible extensions to other channels (photoproduction, beauty, jets). We present results of simulations of charm reconstruction obtained with a schematic model of the EIC detector (tracking, vertexing) and outline the performance requirements. The simulation tools developed for this purpose can be used for other EIC studies.
A detailed mapping of the dominant kinematical domains contributing to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux at high neutrino energies is presented by studying their sensitivity to the cuts on several kinematical variables crucial for charm production in cosmic ray scattering in the atmosphere. This includes the maximal center-of-mass energy for proton-proton scattering, the longitudinal momentum fractions of partons in the projectile (cosmic ray) and target (nucleus of the atmosphere), the Feynman $x_F$ variable, and the transverse momentum of charm quark/antiquark. We find that the production of neutrinos with energies larger than $E_{\nu} > 10^7$ GeV is particularly sensitive to the c.m. energies larger than the ones at the LHC and to the longitudinal momentum fractions in the projectile $10^{-8} < x <1 0^{−5}$. We also analyze the characteristic theoretical uncertainties in the charm production cross section coming from its QCD modeling. The precision data on the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux can efficiently constrain the mechanism of heavy quark production and underlying QCD dynamics in kinematical ranges beyond the reach of the current collider measurements.
We report on recent studies of quarkonium decays obtained with the data collected by the BaBar experiment at the PEP-II $e^+e^-$ collider.
In particular, we use the entire BaBar dataset to study the reaction $e^+ e^- \to \gamma_{ISR} J/\psi$, with $J/\psi \to \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^0$, $J/\psi \to K^+ K^- \pi^0$, or $J/\psi \to K_S K^\pm \pi^\mp$, and the photon $\gamma_{ISR}$ produced via Initial-State-Radiation. We measure the relative $J/\psi$ branching fractions and perform a Dalitz plot analysis of each $J/\psi$ decay mode using an isobar model and a Veneziano model.
We also present a study of the radiative decays of the $\Upsilon(1S)$ to $\pi^+\pi^-\gamma$ and $K^+K^-\gamma$ final states, performed on the data samples collected at the peak of the $\Upsilon(2S)$ and $\Upsilon(3S)$ resonances. The $\Upsilon(1S)$ is reconstructed from the decay chains $\Upsilon(nS) \to \pi^+\pi^-\Upsilon(1S)$, with $n=2,3$. Branching fractions measurements and spin-parity analysis are reported for the $\Upsilon(1S)$ radiative decays to the several intermediate resonances observed in the $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $K^+K^-$ mass spectra.
The production process of quarkonia in proton-proton (pp) collision is a very good probe of the parton structure of the proton.
Recent experimental data of the production of $J/\psi$+vector boson or quarkonium pairs at the LHC and Tevatron suggest the relevance of double parton scattering (DPS).
In this talk, we will discuss the single parton scattering (SPS) contribution of the $J/\psi+Z$, $J/\psi+W$, and $J/\psi+J/\psi$ productions in hadron collision.
By revisiting the computation of the SPS contribution to $J/\psi+Z$ and $J/\psi+W$ production, we will demonstrate that the ATLAS data in fact show evidence for DPS.
The largest data sample accumulated by the Belle experiment at KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider provides an opportunity to perform studies of charmed hadrons. In this presentation, we report on the studies of the decay modes of Lambda_c, Omega_c and spectroscopy of excited Omega_c and Xi_c. The studies presented here use the full data accumulated by the Belle experiment.
We use for the first time experimental data for the inclusive heavy quark (D0, J/Psi, B->J/Psi and Y(1S) mesons) production in proton-lead collisions at the LHC in order to improve our knowledge of the gluon momentum distribution inside heavy nuclei. We observe that the nuclear effects encoded in both most recent global fits of nuclear parton densities at next-to-leading order (nCTEQ15 and EPPS16) provide a good overall description of the LHC data. We interpret this as a hint that these effects are the dominant ones. In turn, we perform a Bayesian reweighting analysis for each particle data sample which show that each of the existing heavy quark(onium) data clearly point (with a statistical significance ranging from 7 to 11 sigma) to a shadowed gluon distribution at small x in the lead. Our analysis also corroborates the existence of gluon antishadowing. Overall, the inclusion of such heavy-flavour data in a global fit would significantly reduce the uncertainty on the gluon density down to $x \simeq 5*10^{-6}$ while keeping an agreement with the other data of the global fits. Our study accounts for the factorisation scale uncertainties which become the largest for the charm(onium) sector.
We use nCTEQ15 nPDFs with uncertainties to identify measurements which
have a potential impact on nuclear corrections and flavor
differentiation. In particular, recent LHC W/Z vector boson production
data in proton-lead and lead-lead collisions are quite sensitive to
heavier flavors (especially the strange PDF). This complements the
information from neutrino-DIS data. As the proton flavor determination
is dependent on nuclear corrections (from heavy target DIS, for
example), this information can also help improve proton PDFs.
We discuss the implications of the (preliminary) CMS dijet data from 5.02 TeV pp and pPb collisions for gluon PDFs of the proton and nuclei. The preliminary pp data show a discrepancy with NLO predictions using CT14 and MMHT14 PDFs. We find that this difference cannot be accommodated with the associated scale uncertainties and debate the possible changes needed in the gluon PDFs. A similar discrepancy is found between the CMS pPb data and NLO predictions e.g. with EPPS16 nuclear modifications imposed on CT14 proton PDFs. When a nuclear modification ratio of the pp and pPb data is constructed, the uncertainties in the scale choices and in proton PDFs effectively cancel and a good agreement between the data and EPPS16 is found, except in some bins at backward rapidities corresponding to large x of the nucleus. To assess the impact of these data on EPPS16 nuclear PDFs, we use a non-quadratic extension of the Hessian reweighting method. A significant reduction in EPPS16 uncertainties is obtained with the fit supporting strong nuclear shadowing and valence-like antishadowing for gluons. We also indicate the possible changes needed in the EPPS16 parametrization at large x.
SeaQuest at FNAL is a fixed-target experiment to measure the Drell-Yan process in $p+p$ and $p+A$, using the 120-GeV proton beam and targets of liquid hydrogen, liquid deuterium, carbon, iron and tungsten. During the course of operations, completed in July 2017, it recorded data from $1.4\times 10^{18}$ protons on the various targets.
SeaQuest aims at precisely measuring the flavor asymmetry of light-antiquark distributions ($\bar{d}(x)/\bar{u}(x)$) at large $x$ in the nucleon. It also measures the angular distribution of the Drell-Yan process in $p+p$ and $p+d$ in order to investigate the Lam-Tung relation and further the Boer-Mulders distribution function. It also utilizes the Drell-Yan process in $p+A$ for measuring nuclear effects, including the nuclear dependence of sea quark distributions and the partonic energy loss in cold nuclear matter.
In this talk, the latest updates on the measurements and their impact on understanding of nuclear and hadronic structure will be presented.
Many models of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) introduce enhanced couplings to third generation quarks. The predicted signatures at the LHC include single and pair production of vector-like quarks and heavy resonances decaying to third generation quarks. We present results from searches obtained with the full 2016 dataset of proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV. A wide range of final states, from multi-leptonic to entirely hadronic is covered. Jet substructure techniques are employed to identify highly-boosted heavy SM particles in their hadronic decay modes.
As evinced by multiple astrophysical measurements, a large fraction of the matter in the Universe is in the form of a dark, non-baryonic component. If dark matter interacts weakly with the Standard Model it could be produced at the LHC, escaping the detector and thus leaving a signature of large missing transverse momentum. A broad and systematic search program for dark matter production in the LHC collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector is in place: the latest results of these searches will be presented.
Results from double Higgs production with the CMS experiment are reviewed.
Searches for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production are performed with LHC data. The searches cover a wide mass range for the resonant case and different decay channels have been explored. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed
in data. The 95% conference-level observed and expected limit is set on the cross-section for non-resonant/resonance production.
The production of jets in association with vector bosons is an important process to study QCD in a multi-scale environment. The ATLAS collaboration has performed measurements of vector boson+jets cross sections, differential in several kinematic variables, in proton-proton collision data taken at center-of-mass energies of 8TeV and 13TeV. The measurements are compared to state-of-the art theory predictions and can be used to constrain the gluon PDF. In data collected at 8TeV, the collaboration has measured the production of W boson+jets with a large transverse momentum of the leading jet, which enriches the collinear production of the gauge boson and a jet. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art QCD calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.
The production of vector bosons (W, Z, gamma) in association with jets is a stringent test of perturbative QCD and is a background process in searches for new physics. Total and differential cross-section measurements of vector bosons produced in association with jets in proton-proton collisions performed by the CMS collaboration at the LHC are presented. The measurements are compared to the predictions of event generators and theoretical calculations.
I will present the current status of the determination of the QCD coupling $\alpha_s$ from the 15 methods where high-precision theoretical calculations and experimental measurements are (or will be) available including, among others: (i) lattice QCD, (ii) $\tau$ hadronic decays, (iii) soft parton-to-hadron fragmentation functions, (iv) proton structure functions, (v) e+e- event shapes and jet rates, (vi) hadronic W and Z boson decays, and (vii) top-quark cross sections in proton-(anti)proton collisions. The current status of the theoretical and experimental uncertainties associated to each extraction method, the improvements expected from LHC data in the coming years, and future perspectives achievable in e+e- collisions will be summarized.
Quarkonium production at LHC energies proceeds mainly via gluon fusion on relatively short timescales. The measurement of quarkonium cross sections and kinematical distributions in pp collisions allows one to test available production models. The measurement of such observables in p-Pb collisions provides access to the nuclear modifications of parton distribution functions and to other so-called cold nuclear matter effects. For both colliding systems, the study of quarkonium production as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity provides information on the interplay between the hard and soft sector of QCD.
The inclusive production of charmonium and bottomonium is measured by ALICE down to zero transverse momentum in the forward rapidity region (2.5 < y < 4.0). Charmonium production is also measured down to zero transverse momentum at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.9), where the non-prompt contribution from beauty-hadron decays can be separated.
The ALICE results on quarkonia in pp and p-Pb collisions will be presented for a wide range of centre-of-mass energies, and compared to theoretical models.
The largest data sample accumulated by the Belle experiment at KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider provides an opportunity to perform studies of bottomonia. We report on the study of bottomonium production in association with an eta meson in e+ e- annihilations near Y(5S), and the measurement of e+ e^ → chi_bJ phi, chi_bJ omega near Y(6S). We also present the measurement of the decays Y(4S) → eta' Y(1S), Y(2S) → gamma eta_b and Y(1S,2S) → Zc Zc, where Zc is the exotic charmonium-like resonance. Measurements other charmonium-like resonances are also reported.
The charmonium spectroscopy is studied from lattice QCD. An extensive set of excited states as well as the states with exotic quantum numbers are obtained. In this talk, I present and discuss the results in light of experimental observations. In particular, I will discuss the lightest hybrid meson supermultiplet that is identified in our results. Additionally, I will present a preliminary study of the coupled scattering channels $D\bar{D^*}$, $D^*\bar{D^*}$, $J/\Psi \pi$, $\eta_c \rho$, which will shed some light on the structure of the charged charmonium-like states $Z_c(3900)$ and $Z_c(4025)$.
The Belle II experiment, about to start taking data at the KEK laboratory in Japan, is a substantial upgrade of both the Belle detector and the KEKB accelerator.
It aims to collect 50 times more data than existing B-Factory samples beginning in early April 2018.
Belle II is uniquely capable to study the so-called "XYZ" particles: heavy exotic hadrons consisting of more than three quarks.
First discovered by Belle, these now number in the dozens, and represent the emergence of a new category within quantum chromodynamics.
This talk will present the capabilities of Belle II to explore exotic and conventional bottomonium physics.
There will be a particular focus on the physics reach of the first data, where opportunities exist to make an immediate impact in this area.
The STAR experiment has been studying the spin structure of the proton, using the unique high-energy polarized proton collider, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The kinematic coverage at STAR allows accessing gluons because quark-gluon and gluon-gluon scatterings dominate particle production at low and medium transverse momentum. The polarized gluon distribution function can be constrained by measuring the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry ($A_{LL}$) of jet production and neutral pions. Global QCD analyses of polarized parton distribution functions, which include the 2009 $A_{LL}$ STAR results for inclusive jet production at $\sqrt{s}=200\,GeV$, provide evidence of a non-zero gluon polarization in the measured range of partonic momentum fraction $x > 0.05$. We present the status of the latest measurements of $A_{LL}$ at STAR, for inclusive jet and dijet production at $\sqrt{s}=510\,GeV$ and $200\,GeV$ collected in 2013 and 2015 respectively, both at mid-rapidity ($|\eta|<0.9$). The large data sample taken during these years will improve the precision of our knowledge about the proton spin structure while the increased center of mass energy allows probing the polarized gluon distribution function at smaller partonic momentum fraction. Furthermore, we present measurements of $A_{LL}$ for neutral pions at forward rapidity ($2.65<\eta<3.9$) collected during 2012 and 2013 that also allow reaching lower partonic momentum fraction. We compare these measurements with the latest global analyses.
Jet production in high energy proton-proton ($pp$) collisions is dominated by hard QCD scatterings such as gluon-gluon ($gg$) and quark-gluon ($qg$) scatterings, and therefore an effective tool to probe the internal distribution of gluons in the proton. The STAR Collaboration at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is using longitudinally polarized $pp$ collisions at center of mass energies, $\sqrt{s} = $ 200 and 510 GeV, to study the production cross-section and double helicity spin asymmetry, $A_{LL}$, of inclusive jet and di-jet productions. The inclusive jet and di-jet cross-section measurements by STAR at $\sqrt{s} = $ 200 GeV showed the jet cross-section is consistent with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations after underlying event and hadronic corrections. The STAR 2009 inclusive jet $A_{LL}$ measurement in mid-pseudo-rapidity range, $|\eta| < $ 1.0, at $\sqrt{s} = $ 200 GeV showed the first experimental evidence of an non-zero gluon polarization for Bjorken-$x$, $x > 0.05$. The inclusive jet $A_{LL}$ measurements at $\sqrt{s} = $ 510 GeV allow to explore the gluon polarization at smaller $x \sim 0.02$. In this talk, the inclusive jet $A_{LL}$ and cross-section measurements at $\sqrt{s} =$ 510 GeV, the techniques used in the jet analysis including consideration of underlying event effects, and future perspectives related to jet measurements at STAR will be presented.
The longitudinal double-spin asymmetry $A_{LL}$ in spin-polarized $p+p$ collisions provides insight into the gluon contribution to the proton's spin by accessing the gluon helicity distribution $\Delta$g. Prior RHIC 200 GeV measurements show non-zero asymmetries and hence indicate a nonzero contribution of gluon helicity to the proton spin $\Delta$G for the Bjorken-$x$ range $x > 0.05$ in the recent NLO analyses. The 510 GeV PHENIX $\pi_{0}$ and STAR jet data confirms the non-zero asymmetries and extends constraints on $\Delta$G to lower $x$. A measurement of the jet $A_{LL}$ at $\surd$s = 510 GeV in PHENIX will provide an important cross-check. In this talk, I will detail the jet reconstruction techniques tuned for the PHENIX detector and present the status of the measured jet cross section and $A_{LL}$.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is the next-generation U.S.-based facility to study Quantum Chromodynamics by probing the dynamics of gluons and sea quarks with comprehensive and systematic measurements of high precision. The experimental program of the EIC is, thus, diverse, covering a broad range of studies from mapping the spatial, momentum, spin, and flavor distributions of gluons and sea quarks in the nucleon to exploring gluon saturation and gluon distributions in nuclei. To carry out this program, the use of different combinations of both beam energy and particle species, wide center-of-mass energy range, measurements of various processes, such as inclusive and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering as well as exclusive elastic and inelastic scattering, and detection of various leptons, mesons, and baryons in the final state, is necessary. The broad experimental scope places challenging and unique requirements on detector capabilities. To name a few, excellent particle identification (PID) over a wide momentum range and full acceptance are a must. The objective of the current generic EIC Detector R&D Program is to develop detector concepts and technologies that are suitable to carry out the EIC scientific program and can operate in the EIC environment. In this talk we will present key aspects of the R&D program, such as calorimetry, PID, and tracking, and discuss the current status of advancing related detector technologies.
In this talk I will discuss the challenges to measure hadron polarization in high collision frequency and luminosity future electron ion colliders.
Geometry tagging is an experimental analysis technique for selecting event samples where we can, on a statistical basis, control the geometry of the collision in order to make more incisive physics measurements. This technique has been heavily exploited in heavy ion (AA) collisions at RHIC and the LHC, and played an essential role in the discovery and detailed characterization of the quark gluon plasma, but it has seen only very limited use to date in deep-inelastic scattering. Several physics measurements at the EIC would benefit significantly from the use of this technique, including studies of gluon anti-shadowing, studies of parton propagation, attenuation and hadronization in the nucleus, and ultimately the search for parton saturation. Using geometry tagging, we can create an event sample in eAu collisions with a saturation scale or an average path length equivalent to a minimum bias nucleus of size A=600-800. The JLEIC full-acceptance detector, with full acceptance for forward-going neutrons, protons and nuclear fragments and a high data-taking rate should be ideally suited to such geometry tagging. We improve, tune, and apply existing modeling codes, BeAGLE, Sartre, and GEMC, and detector descriptions to study this physics.
The recent PEPPo (Polarized Electrons for Polarized Positrons) experiment at the
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility did open an easy and low-cost access
to polarized positron beam through the efficient production of polarized positrons
from the bremsstralhung radiation of a MeV polarized electron beam. The application
of this technique in the context of the upgraded CEBAF (Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility) and the JLEIC (Jefferson Lab Electron Ion Collider) project
allows us to investigate new features of deep inelastic and exclusive scatterings.
This presentation will discuss the current efforts of the Jefferson Lab Positron
Working Group in the process of developping the physics case for a polarized positron beam at JLab 12 GeV and JLEIC.
Buffet, 3min walk
Measurements of open beauty and charm production cross sections in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations are combined. Reduced cross sections for beauty and charm production are obtained in the kinematic range of photon virtuality $2.5\le Q^2 \le 2000$ GeV$^2$ and Bjorken scaling variable $3 \times 10^{−5}\le x_{Bj} \le 5 \times 10^{−2}$. The combination method accounts for the correlations of the statistical and systematic uncertainties among the different data sets. The combined data are compared to perturbative QCD predictions and used together with the combined inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross sections from HERA in a next-to-leading order QCD analysis. The running charm and beauty quark masses are determined as $m_c(m_c) = 1.290^{+0.046}_{−0.041}$(exp/fit)${}^{+0.062}_{−0.014}$(model)
${}^{+0.007}_{−0.031}$(param) GeV and $m_b(m_b) = 4.049^{+0.104}_{−0.109}$(exp/fit) ${}^{+0.090}_{ −0.032}$(model)${}^{+0.001}_{-0.031}$(param) GeV.
Constraints on parton distribution functions are presented that are based on differential cross-section measurements of single lepton and dilepton kinematic distributions in dileptonic top quark pair events. The measurements utilize 20.2 fb-1 of sqrt(s) = 8 TeV pp collisions recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The sensitivity of the cross-sections to the gluon parton distribution function is explored.
We present measurements of the total and differential cross-section of vector bosons produced with heavy flavor quarks (HF) and the impact of recent V+HF measurements performed by the CMS collaboration on the constraints of PDFs.
The LHCb experiment allows to measure the production and polarisation of charm and beauty hadrons including quarkonia in various collision systems in collider and fixed-target mode. The forward rapidity acceptance in the laboratory frame and the covered Q^2 range test perturbative QCD calculations with their factorisation assumptions and put constraints on parton densities of in unique kinematic regimes. In this talk, recent measurements on inclusive production in pp and pPb collisions in collider mode at different centre-of-mass-energies and fixed-target mode will be presented.
We present calculation of next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to massive charged-current coefficient functions in deep-inelastic scattering. Especially we focus on the application to charm-quark production in neutrino scattering on fixed target that can be measured via the dimuon final state.
Coherent photoproduction of vector mesons is sensitive to the shape of the target nucleus, as probed at Q^2 ~ (M_V/2)^2. Previously STAR presented a high-statistics measurement of d\sigma/dt for rho^0 photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Au+Au collisions, and made a two-dimensional Fourier-Bessel (Hanckel) transformation to give the distribution of targets in the nucleus. Here, we study the Q^2 evolution of d\sigma/dt and the target distribution by dividing the rho^0 signal into three different mass bins, to see how d\sigma/dt evolves with Q^2, and see the effect on the target distribution. With increasing Q^2, we expect to see a decrease in multiple interactions, which should emphasize the interior of the nucleus cmpared to measurements at lower Q^2.
The electromagnetic field of a fast moving lead ion at the LHC is an intense source of quasi-real photons. This makes it possible to study J/Psi exclusive photoproduction off protons in p-Pb collisions at the LHC. This process is sensitive to the gluon content of the target. Measuring the scattering angle of the produced vector meson one can compute the centre-of-mass energy (W) of the photon-proton scattering.
Using Run1 data, ALICE has measured the exclusive J/Psi photoproduction cross section in a wide range of scattering angles. In this contribution, we present for the first time measurements of the cross section using the central-barrel detectors of the ALICE, as well as cross sections for a novel topology where one of the muons from the decay of the J/Psi is detected with the forward-muon spectrometer and the other muon with the central-barrel detectors. This allow us to study the evolution of the cross section with energy in a continuous way in the range 20 GeV < W < 700 GeV. The measurements are compared to the newest models of this process.
We present recent results on the exclusive production of the Upsilon and rho mesons with the CMS experiment in proton-lead collisions at 5 TeV. And measurements of dipion production in proton-proton collisions at 5, 7, and 13 TeV.
In this contribution we present a comprehensive analysis of exclusive vector-meson photoproduction in $pp$, $pPb$ and $PbPb$ collisions at Run 2 LHC energies using the color dipole formalism. The rapidity distributions and total cross sections for the $\rho$, $\phi$, $J/\Psi$ and $\Upsilon$ production are estimated considering the more recent phenomenological models for the dipole-proton scattering amplitude, which are based on the color glass condensate formalism and are able to describe the inclusive and exclusive ep HERA data. Moreover, we also discuss the impact of the modeling of the vector-meson wave functions on the predictions. The current theoretical uncertainty in the color dipole predictions is estimated and a comparison with the experimental results is performed.
We present a model of coherent and incoherent photoproduction of vector mesons off proton and off nuclear targets. The computations are perfomed within the color-dipole formalism. The targets are described by a profile, in the impact parameter space, including subnucelon degrees of freedom, so-called hot spots. Their positions change event by event. The key aspect of our model is that the number of hot spots grows with energy.
We show that the measurement of dissociative production off protons and incoherent production off nuclear targets at different energies offers new signatures of saturation. These measurements can be performed with current LHC data. This work is based on results presented in Phys.Lett. B766 (2017) 186-191 and arXiv:1711.01855 (accepted by PRC). We will also present new results from our model.
Recent results on the search for the rare and exotic decays of the Higgs boson H(125) from the CMS experiment will be presented in this talk. The large dataset delivered by LHC and collisions at higher center of mass energy of 13 TeV have significantly improved the search sensitivity for these rare and exotic decays with respect to Run-1.
Final states with isolated photons are expected in models of gauge mediated breaking of supersymmetry, but they can also occur as a result of decays of Higgs bosons produced in the decay chains of supersymmetric particles. Results of searches for strong and electroweak production of supersymmetry in events with one or two isolated photons are presented, based on pp collisions recorded with the CMS experiment at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. In the case of strong production, the most stringent mass limits obtained by these searches reach 2 TeV.
Many supersymmetric scenarios feature final states with non-standard final state objects. The production of massive sparticles can lead to the production of boosted top quarks or vector bosons, high-pt b-jets. At the same time, transitions between nearly mass-degenerate sparticles can challenge the standard reconstruction because of the presence of very soft leptons or jets. The talk will review the application of innovative reconstruction techniques to supersymmetry searches in ATLAS.
R-parity violation introduces many viable signatures to the search for supersymmetry at the LHC. Strongly interacting resonances and lightest supersymmetric particles may decay into many leptons or jets with or without missing transverse momentum. Several supersymmetric models also predict massive long-lived supersymmetric particles. Such particles may be detected through abnormal specific energy loss, appearing or disappearing tracks, displaced vertices, long time-of-flight or late calorimetric energy deposits. The talk presents recent results from searches of supersymmetry in resonance production, R-parity violating signatures and events with long-lived particles with the ATLAS detector.
Many supersymmetry models feature gauginos and also sleptons with masses less than a few hundred GeV. These can give rise to direct pair production rates at the LHC that can be observed in the data sample recorded by the ATLAS detector. The talk presents results from searches for gaugino and slepton pair production in final states with leptons, and were performed with pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.
I will present a method for the computation of logarithmically
enhanced terms at all orders for observables featuring kinematic cancellations
away from the Sudakov limit. I will describe the approach in the context of observables of interest at colliders, and comment on extensions to more general cases.
We study lepton-pair production in association with bottom quarks at the LHC,
and present the predictions obtained at next-to-leading order in QCD,
both at fixed order and matched with a QCD parton shower, for several differential distributions.
We discuss the estimate of the theoretical uncertainties
and consider the dependence on the perturbative QCD scales (renormalisation, factorisation and shower),
we compare different parton shower models and matching schemes.
We focus on the inclusive lepton-pair transverse momentum distribution,
and propose a simple procedure to accurately include bottom quark effects,
beyond the standard massless approximation.
We estimate how this alternative formulation may affect the tuning of QCD parton shower parameters
and in turn we extrapolate its impact in the simulation of charged-current Drell-Yan observables
and in the W boson mass determination.
With the high integrated luminosities recorded at the LHC and the very good understanding of the ATLAS detector, it is possible to measure electroweak observables to the highest precision. In this talk, we review the measurement of the W boson mass using data, collected at 7 TeV. Special focus is drawn on a discussion of the modeling uncertainties and the physics potential of the latest low-mu runs, recorded at a center of mass energy of 5 and 13 TeV at the end of 2017. The talk will also review the measurement of the triple differential Drell-Yan cross-section at 8 TeV, which can be used to extract the weak mixing angle. We conclude with a presentation of the tau polarization, measured in Z->tautau using 20.3/fb of proton proton collision data collected at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV.
State-of-the-art theoretical predictions accurate to next-to-leading order QCD interfaced with Pythia8, Herwig, and Sherpa event generators are tested by comparing the unfolded ttbar differential data collected with the CMS detector at 8 and 13 TeV. These predictions are also compared with the underlying event activity distributions in ttbar events using CMS proton-proton data collected at a center of mass energy of 13 TeV. In addition, studies of jet shapes in ttbar events at 13 TeV are presented. Studies to derive and test the new CMS event tune obtained through jet kinematics in ttbar events and global event variables are also described.
A new collinear factorization analysis of inclusive DIS scattering with suitable non-perturbative “jet correlators” shows that a novel, non perturbative spin-flip term associated with the invariant mass of the produced hadrons couples to the target's transversity distribution function. In inclusive cross sections, this provides an hitherto neglected and large contribution to the twist-3 part of the g2 structure function, that can explain the discrepancy between recent calculations and fits of this quantity. It also provides an extension of the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule, now featuring an interplay between the g2 and h1 functions that calls for a re-examination of their small-x behavior; likewise it provides an extension of the Efremov-Teryaev-Leader sum rule, suggesting a novel way to measure the tensor charge of the proton. As part of the calculation leading to these results, but interesting in their own right, novel TMD sum rules are derived.
We study the double-spin asymmetry $A^{\cos\phi_S}_{LT}$ in semi-inclusive DIS for charged and neutral pions production by scattering a longitudinal polarized beam off a transversely polarized proton target. Within the collinear framework, in which the transverse momentum of the final state hadron is integrated out, we predict the asymmetries for three pion productions at the kinematics of CLAS12 and future Electron Ion Collider. There are two sources contributed to the corresponding asymmetry, one is from the convolution of the twist-3 distribution function $g_{T}(x)$ and the unpolarized fragmentation function $D_1(z)$, the other is from the coupling of the transversity distribution function $h_1(x)$ and the collinear twist-3 fragmentation function $\tilde{E}(z)$. Our numerical results show that the $\cos\phi_S$ asymmetry of pion production at CLAS12 is sizable, and the fragmentation function $\tilde{E}(z)$ plays an important role in the large-$z$ region. The asymmetries at EIC are much smaller than those at CLAS12 due to the suppression in the large-Q region.
The transverse spin transfer from polarized proton to $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ hyperons is expected to be sensitive to the transversity distribution of the nucleon, and to the transversely polarized fragmentation function. We report the first measurement of the transverse spin transfer of $\Lambda$ and $\bar{\Lambda}$ along the polarization direction of the fragmenting quark, $D_{TT}$, in transversely polarized proton+proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200 GeV$ with the STAR experiment at RHIC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 18.4 $pb^{-1}$, which cover a kinematic range of pseudo-rapidity $|\eta|$< 1.2 and hyperon transverse momentum $p_T$ up to 8 GeV/c. The prospect of hyperon polarization measurements in the forward pseudo-rapidity region (2.5<$\eta$<4) in proton+proton collisions in 2021+ will also be discussed, which is based on the STAR forward detector upgrade plan including a forward tracking system and a forward calorimeter system.
We investigate the spin-dependent (naive) T-odd fragmentation function $D^\perp_{1T}$, which can provide an explanation on the transverse polarization of the $\Lambda^0$ hyperon produced in an unpolarized process. We calculate $D^\perp_{1T}$ for light flavors in the spectator diquark model, with a Gaussian form factor at the hyperon-quark-diquark vertex. We include in the calculation both the scalar diquark and axial-vector diquark spectators. We determine the values of the model parameters by fitting the unpolarized fragmentation function $D^\Lambda_1$ to the DSV parametrization for $D^\Lambda_1$. In addition, we compute the longitudinal polarization fragmentation function $G^\Lambda_1$ and compare it with the known parametrization of $G^\Lambda_1$. We also estimate the transverse polarizations of $\Lambda$ production, in both semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and single inclusive $e^+e^-$ annihilation.
Energy-frontier DIS can be realised at CERN through an energy recovery linac that would produce 60 GeV electrons to collide with the HL-LHC or, eventually, with the HE-LHC or the FCC hadron beams. It would deliver lepton-proton/nucleus collisions with center of mass energies in the range 0.8-3.5 TeV per nucleon, and luminosities exceeding $10^{34}$ ($5\times 10^{32}$) cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ in ep (ePb). Such machine would provide a huge physics program, with the highest resolution microscope for hadron structure, rich Higgs, top and precision EW physics, large possibilities for BSM searches, and a unique top-energy nuclear physics facility with eventual access to a new regime of QCD at high partonic densities. All these aspects have strong complementarities with the respective, concurrent pp and AA programs. In this talk we review the LHeC and FCC-eh proposals at CERN, with emphasis on the accelerator and infrastructure aspects. We also review the project of an ERL demonstrator, PERLE, under consideration to be built at LAL Orsay.
Parton densities PDFs are most important objects both from a fundamental point of view, for characterising the partonic content of hadrons and nuclei, and for the application of collinear factorisation in hadronic and nuclear collisions. Nuclear PDFs are greatly unknown, compared to those in the proton, due to the scarcity of experimental data. In this talk I will first review the present status of nuclear PDFs. Then I will discuss the perspectives of further determining them in presently existing experiments, particularly in pPb collisions at the LHC. Finally I will examine the possibilities that planned experiments, both hadronic machines - HL-LHC - and electron-nucleus colliders - EIC, LHeC and FCC-eh, offer for constraining nPDFs.
Prospects for high precision determination of PDFs and alpha_s are presented, including results from HL-LHC, FCC, LHeC and EIC.
The LHeC and the FCC-eh at CERN are projected machines that will deliver ep (ePb) collisions with center-of-mass energies in the TeV range and luminosities of order $10^{34}$ ($5 \times 10^{32}$) cm$^{−2}$s$^{−1}$. In this talk the possibilities for small-x physics and diffraction will be reviewed, with emphasis on recent results on the extraction of diffractive parton densities.
We present the xFitter project which provides an open-source software framework for the determination of the proton's parton distribution functions and for the interpretation of the physics analyses in the context of Quantum Chromodynamics. The project has been used recently for a number of analyses performed by the LHC collaborations and theory community, which are summarised briefly. The xFitter developer’s team also performed several studies in the last year including estimation of the impact of heavy quark matching scales, which are presented in more details.
The fastNLO and APPLgrid projects provide a fast and flexible way to reproduce the results of perturbative QCD cross section calculations with any input parton distribution functions. The latest developments from these projects
are presented with particular emphasis on the common APPLfast interface to the NNLOJET calculation for general cross section calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). The most recent results on the reproduction of
the NNLO coefficients for different physics processes are presented. A mechanism for the general distribution of grids produced at NLO and NNLO by different groups is also discussed.
In this talk, we present a dedicated analysis of existing Monte Carlo methods in global QCD analysis. We critically examine the interpretability of uncertainties on extracted quantities, such as parton densities or fragmentation functions against nested sampling and more traditional approaches using Hessian methodology. We discuss how in some cases the inclusion of resampling, partition, and cross-validation of data sets can artificially inflate uncertainties on the fitted distributions.
Which hadronic experiments constrain the PDF dependence of the Higgs boson cross section? What constrains the strangeness PDF better: LHC vector boson production, (SI)DIS, or jet production? We present a new technique to quantitatively answer such questions without performing a full PDF fit or PDF reweighting. The technique employs the Hessian method and takes into account the (un)correlated experimental uncertainties and PDF-driven correlations. Using this technique, one easily visualizes the distribution of constraints on PDFs in the (x, Q) plane and can estimate the potential impact of future experiments without performing a fit.
The LHC is bringing us lots of very precise measurements. The calculation of the corresponding theoretical prediction with the same precision is very time consuming in general. It is then a very challenge work to study the impact on Parton Distribution Functions(PDFs) from the precision measurements efficiently. We propose to boost the procedure by using ePump, the Error PDF Updating Method Package, a set of classes, functions, etc. for analyzing the impact of new data on the PDF predictions and uncertainties, in the Hessian method.
In the absence of forward proton tagging, exclusive processes can be distinguished in the central part of the ATLAS detector exploiting the large rapidity gap in the central region and the absence of charged particles reconstructed in the inner tracking detector. This strategy has been exploited to study the exclusive production of dilepton pairs in the data taken at centre-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and the exclusive production of W pairs in the 8 TeV data. We also present the latest results on exclusive dimuon production at 13 TeV. Moreover, the ATLAS collaboration has carried out a study of diffractive dijet production. The data distributions are compared with Monte Carlo models and the rapidity gap survival probability has been estimated in the kinematic region with high diffractive contribution. The talk will conclude with prospects of the upcoming physics program with the Atlas Forward Proton detector. Recent results demonstrate its capabilities to distinguish single diffractive events via forward proton tagging.
The CT-PPS (CMS-TOTEM Precision Proton Spectrometer) detector system consists of silicon tracking stations as well as timing detectors to measure both the position and direction of protons and their time-of-flight with high precision. They are located at around 200 m from the interaction point in the very forward region on both sides of the CMS experiment. CT-PPS is built to study Central Exclusive Production (CEP) in proton-proton collisions at LHC, including photon-photon production of W and Z boson pairs, high-mass diphoton and dilepton production, high-pT jet production, as well as searches for anomalous couplings and new resonances.
The CT-PPS detector has taken data at high luminosity while fully integrated to the CMS data acquisition system. The total data collected correspond to around 55~${\rm fb}^{-1}$. In this presentation the CT-PPS operation, commissioning and performance are discussed.
The measurements of dilepton and diphoton production in photon-photon fusion with CT-PPS are presented. For the first time, exclusive dilepton production at high masses have been observed in the CMS detector while one or two outgoing protons are measured in CT-PPS using around 10~${\rm fb}^{-1}$ of data accumulated in 2016 during high-luminosity LHC operation. These first results show a good understanding, calibration and alignment of the new CT-PPS detectors. Preliminary results concerning the search for high-mass exclusive diphoton production are presented.
The TOTEM experiment at the interaction point 5 of the LHC has measured the total, elastic and inelastic proton-proton cross sections in a centre-of-mass energy range from 2.76 to 13 TeV, in dedicated fills with special beam optics.
Most recently, TOTEM has performed the first measurement of the ρ parameter at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV, where rho is the ratio between the real and the imaginary part of the nuclear elastic scattering amplitude at t = 0.
The unprecedented precision of the measurement, combined with the TOTEM total cross-section measurements, led to the exclusion of all the models classified and published by COMPETE. The ρ and σtot results obtained by TOTEM are compatible with predictions -- from alternative theoretical models both in the Regge-like framework and in the modern QCD framework -- of a colourless 3-gluon bound state exchange in the t-channel of the proton-proton elastic scattering.
Results of searches for the production of supersymmetric partners of gluons and quarks are presented. They are based on pp collisions recorded by the CMS experiment at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. The searches are performed in final states with 0, 1, or more leptons and are either generic, or specifically designed for the production of third-generation squarks. In the most favorable scenarios, mass limits reach up to 2 TeV.
Despite the absence of experimental evidence, weak scale supersymmetry remains one of the best motivated and studied Standard Model extensions. This talk summarises recent ATLAS results on inclusive searches for supersymmetric squarks and gluinos, including third generation squarks produced in the decay of gluinos. The searches involve final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum with and without light leptons, taus or photons, and were performed with pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.
Naturalness arguments for weak-scale supersymmetry favour supersymmetric partners of the third generation quarks with masses not too far from those of their Standard Model counterparts. Top or bottom squarks with masses less than or around one TeV can also give rise to direct pair production rates at the LHC that can be observed in the data sample recorded by the ATLAS detector. The talk presents recent ATLAS results from searches for direct stop and sbottom pair production, using the data collected during the LHC Run 2.
The MSSM predicts the existence of additional neutral and charged Higgs bosons. This presentation will discuss results from recent searches for these particles in several decay channels based on collision data collected at 13 TeV, and their interpretation within the MSSM.
Measurements of heavy-flavour production are a powerful tool to study the properties of the strongly-interacting partonic medium created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The measurements in pp collisions serve as a precision test of perturbative QCD apart from providing the crucial reference for Pb-Pb collisions. Measurements in p-Pb collisions are used to investigate cold nuclear matter effects such as the modification of the parton densities in nuclei with respect to nucleons, kT broadening and energy loss in cold nuclear matter, or a potential existence of collective phenomena. ALICE is well suited to measure heavy-flavour (charm and beauty) production, not only via the full reconstruction of hadronic decays of D-mesons and charm baryons at mid rapidity but also via the measurement of electrons (muons) from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays at mid (forward/backward) rapidity. The aforementioned measurements are performed over a wide transverse-momentum range thanks to the high precision tracking, good vertexing capabilities and excellent particle identification provided by the ALICE detectors. In this contribution, recent results on open heavy-flavour production in pp and p-Pb collision systems will be presented for a wide range of pT and pseudorapidity and for different center-of-mass energies.
Thanks to an improved comover interaction model, we show that we can reach a global and coherent de- scription of bottomonium suppression in both proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions as measured by the CMS and ATLAS collaboration at the LHC. The measured relative suppression of the excited bottomonium states as compared to their ground state in proton-nucleus collisions allows us to constrain the scattering cross sections between the bottomonia and comovers also created during the collisions. Our result hints at a similar momentum distribution of these comovers in the environment created by proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. Along the way of our study, we also update our knowledge for the bottomonium feed-down pattern in the kinematical region relevant for such studies. Besides, we improve our knowledge on the modification of the nuclear parton distribution functions in proton-nucleus collisions.
The LHCb experiment is designed to study heavy hadrons produced in proton-proton collisions at the LHC.
Charmed and charmonium hadrons produced in the pp-collision or in b-hadron decays are studied to identify new states, confirming or disproving those recently claimed, and establishing their quantum numbers. The spectroscopy of heavy baryons is also explored with observations of doubly charmed baryons and new excited states in the beauty sector.
Heavy quark spectroscopy and exotic states are studied with the ATLAS detector, mainly thorough final states containing muon pairs from J/psi decays. The latest results on searches for exotic (tetra- / penta-quark) states in ATLAS are presented.
Precision data taken in e+e- annihilation at or near the Υ(4S) by the Belle experiment has been instrumental in the extraction of spin dependent and integrated fragmentation functions. In this talk, we report our measurement on the invariant-mass and fractional-energy dependence of inclusive production of di-hardons. We also report on the production rate of hyperons and charmed baryons, the transverse polarization of lambda hyperons, and other measurements from Belle.
The correlation between the longitudinal polarization of a fragmenting quark and the transverse momenta of the produced hadrons was predicted over two decades ago. Nevertheless, experimental searches in the electron-positron annihilation process, both through the so-called jet handedness measurement by the SLD collaboration and more recently via the helicity-dependent dihadron fragmentation function (DiFF) by the BELLE collaboration, did not yield a signal. In this talk, we will first explain the zero result at BELLE, and describe new method for accessing the helicity-dependent DiFF in the same experiment. We will also propose another measurement of the same DiFF in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering experiments.
We present our recent calculations of the complete set of the leading-twist quark-polarization-dependent dihadron fragmentation functions (DiFFs) to pion pairs. The quark-jet framework is used to model the sequential hadronization of a polarized quark into hadrons, where the polarization transfer to the remnant quark in each hadron emission step is calculated using the spin density matrix formalism. Using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the hadronization process, we find non vanishing signal for both helicity- and transverse-polarization-dependent DiFFs. A method is developed for extracting the angular moments of these DiFFs, which enter the expressions for the azimuthal asymmetries for an electron-positron annihilation process into two pairs of hadrons from back-to-back jets and the dihadron production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. Finally, we derive explicit integral expressions for all four DiFFs where only two hadrons are emitted by a quark and use them to validate our MC results. We also utilize these expressions to study the underlying mechanism for generating the dihadron asymmetries in our sequential hadron emission framework, and discover the crucial role played by the Collins effect.
In perturbative QCD, the masses of the hadrons involved in high energy reactions can usually be neglected. In this talk, I will discuss one case in which this may not be a good approximation, namely production of Kaons in electron-proton collisions at low (and not so low) beam energies. In particular, I will present a recent proposal to include hadron masses in theoretical calculations, and how these Hadron Mass Corrections can explain a large discrepancy observed in measurements performed at the HERMES and COMPASS experiments. I will also discuss some preliminary spectator model calculations designed, in particular, to test the range of validity of the approximations needed in the proposed factorization scheme
COMPASS at CERN, a facility designed to perform research in the hadron partonic structure and hadron spectroscopy, is now planning its future beyond 2020. After a brief summary of achieved results the presentation will focus on the COMPASS programme, planned between CERN accelerator long shutdowns 2 and 3: measurements of SSA using the muon beam on a transversely polarised deuteron target and proton radius measurement in the elastic muon-proton scattering. A hint at the long-term programme, proposed after the shutdown 3, with conventional muon and hadron beams as well as nonconventional, RF separated kaon/antiproton beams will also be given.
The recently completed 12 GeV upgrade of Jefferson Lab's Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) has established a unique worldwide capability for the precision study of a variety of inclusive, semi-inclusive, and exclusive reactions in deep inelastic electron-nucleon and electron-nucleus scattering. The near-doubling of CEBAF's maximum electron beam energy to 11 GeV (for electron scattering experiments) will enable the mapping of novel multidimensional aspects of nucleon and nuclear structure in the valence region, such as Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions (TMDs) and Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), with unprecedented precision. An exciting program of experiments is planned in experimental Halls A, B, and C, exploiting recent advances in high-luminosity polarized target technology, as well as new and upgraded detection apparatus, to take maximal advantage of the upgraded CEBAF beam. In this talk, I will present an overview of expected results of interest to the DIS community from planned experiments of the 11 GeV era in JLab's Halls A and C.
Jefferson Lab recently completed an electron beam energy upgrade from 6 to 11 GeV. New experiments to study the structure of the nucleon have begun collecting data or are under preparation. The presentation will give an overview of the available detectors and targets in the three experimental halls and outline their experimental programs to image the nucleon three-dimensionally.
Jefferson lab's (JLab) CEBAF (now upgraded CEBAF12) accelerator's fixed target experiments give an unique opportunity to study a wide range of phenomena in nuclear medium using Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) measurements. Particularly CLAS Eg2 experiment, where different types of nuclei were exposed to electron beam, have provided important information for nuclear hadronization, hadronic and nuclear correlations, hadronic structure functions studies. These studies are fundamental for better understanding of the confinement in the nuclear medium and the essentials of nuclear structure. Apart of showing the results from already existing data, future plans will be discussed also, particularly already approved a new experiment with upgraded CLAS12, and future experiments in EIC (Electron Ion Collider).
Precision phenomenology at the LHC requires accounting for both higher-order QCD and electroweak corrections as well as for photon-initiated subprocesses. Building upon the recent NNPDF3.1 fit, in this work the photon content of the proton is determined within a global analysis supplemented by the LUXqed constraint relating the photon PDF to lepton-proton scattering structure functions: NNPDF3.1luxQED. The uncertainties on the resulting photon PDF are at the level of a few percent, with photons carrying up to 0.5% of the proton's momentum. We study the phenomenological implications of NNPDF3.1luxQED at the LHC for Drell-Yan, vector boson pair, top quark pair, and Higgs plus vector boson production. We find that photon-initiated contributions can be significant for many processes, leading to corrections of up to 20%. Our results represent a state-of-the-art determination of the partonic structure of the proton including its photon component.
We describe the inclusion of the photon as an additional component of the proton in the MMHT framework. The input for the photon is based very directly on the recent LUX determination. We describe the similarities and differences above the input scale and the contribution from both leading twist and higher twist contributions, and their uncertainties. We study the impact on the other PDFs and the fit quality, for both the proton and neutron PDFs, and the implications for LHC physics.
We present a status report on calculations for the four-loop splitting
functions in perturbative QCD, which will pave the way to future
determination of ${\rm N^3LO}$ parton distribution functions of hadrons.
In the large-Nc limit, the exact four-loop contribution to the flavour
non-singlet splitting functions has been obtained. For the remaining
large-Nc suppressed terms, we provide approximate expressions that are
sufficient for phenomenological applications. The status of the
calculations in the flavour-singlet sector will be also briefly
discussed.
Fits to the final combined HERA deep-inelastic scattering cross-section data within the conventional DGLAP framework of QCD have shown some tension at low x and low Q2. A resolution of this tension incorporating ln(1/x)-resummation terms into the HERAPDF fits is investigated using the xFitter program. The kinematic region where this resummation is important is delineated. Such high-energy resummation not only gives a better description of the data, particularly of the longitudinal structure function FL, it also results in a gluon PDF which is steeply rising at low x for low scales, Q2≃2.5 GeV2, contrary to the fixed-order NLO and NNLO gluon PDF.
We report a new QCD global analysis with a simultaneous extraction of polarized and unpolarized parton densities and fragmentation functions from the available polarized and unpolarized DIS, SIDIS and SIA data sets
We present a determination of parton densities at NLO obtained with the Parton Branching method using HERA precision data. The parton densities are obtained with the standard and angular ordering evolution scales. For integrated pdfs a significant effect is observed.
The transverse momentum dependent (TMD) densities, automatically obtained with the Parton Branching method, are applied to LHC processes, like Drell Yan pt spectrum and high pt dijet correlations.
The dynamics of gluons in high energy proton and nuclei interactions remain an elusive process. Gluon interactions can be accessed via both light and heavy flavor hadron production at the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In particular, via systematically measuring the nuclear modification in light hadron production in p+A and light-ion-A collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV, we observed a distinct pattern emerging across large pseudorapidity (-2 -- 2) and transverse momentum ranges (1 -- 20 GeV/c), which can be used to constrain nuclear PDFs and models of parton energy loss in the cold nuclear matter. In addition, the heavy flavor (HF) quarks can be produced in nuclear collisions via various mechanisms that originate from gluons. Recently, the PHENIX collaboration carried out a systematic study of HF production cross sections in p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV and 510 GeV via the production channels of non-prompt $J/\Psi$s, single and di-muons production at forward rapidities ($1.2
The unique acceptance of the LHCb experiment at the LHC offers the ability to make studies of QCD that are complementary to those made at the other LHC experiments.
A selection of recent results will be presented, including production measurements, inelastic cross-section measurements, and studies of correlations in particle production.
Heavy quark pair production in minimum bias p+p and p+A collisions has been studied extensively in the CGC framework and compared successfully to both the RHIC and LHC data on $J/\psi$ production [1, 2], $\psi(2S)$ production [3] and $D$-meson production [4]. We first present an update in this framework based on comparisons to the latest LHC and RHIC data on p+p and light-heavy ion collisions. We will then present novel results [5] on extensions of these studies of Heavy Flavor and Quarkonia to rare events; this work, in completion, demonstrates that this framework captures the systematics of both Heavy-Flavor and Quarkonium production as a function of $N_{\rm charge}$ at both RHIC and the LHC. Finally, we will discuss the importance of Sudakov resummations in this framework to describe $\Upsilon$ production [6, 7].
[1] Y. Q. Ma and R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, no. 19, 192301 (2014).
[2] Y. Q. Ma, R. Venugopalan and H. F. Zhang, Phys. Rev. D 92, 071901 (2015).
[3] Y. Q. Ma, R. Venugopalan, K. Watanabe and H. F. Zhang, arXiv:1707.07266 [hep-ph].
[4] H. Fujii and K. Watanabe, Nucl. Phys. A 920, 78 (2013).
[5] Y. Q. Ma, P. Tribedy, R. Venugopalan, and K. Watanabe, in preparation.
[6] K. Watanabe and B. W. Xiao, Phys. Rev. D 92, no. 11, 111502 (2015).
[7] J. W. Qiu and K. Watanabe, arXiv:1710.06928 [hep-ph].
We report on a recent computation of the NLO inclusive photon cross section using the Color Glass Condensate framework at the RHIC and LHC energies. Our result is appropriate for collisions where a dilute projectile (proton) hits a dense target (a proton or a heavy ion). We will briefly elucidate the main analytic NLO formula obtained in [1], while the main focus of this contribution are the first numerical results of the inclusive isolated photon cross section up to NLO [2] and its comparison to the available experimental data. Our main findings are summarized as:
(i) We demonstrate the kinematic region where the NLO contribution completely dominates over the LO valence quark bremsstrahlung [3].
(ii) We find that our results compare well with the available $p+p \to \gamma+X$ LHC data at 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV.
(iii) We make predictions for the upcoming LHC data at 13 TeV.
[1] S. Benic, K. Fukushima, O. Garcia-Montero and R. Venugopalan, JHEP 1701, 115 (2017).
[2] S. Benic, K. Fukushima, O. Garcia-Montero and R. Venugopalan, in preparation.
[3] F. Gelis, J. Jalilian-Marian, Phys. Rev. D 66, 014021 (2002).
The ridge structure in two-particle correlations produced in high multiplicity collisions at the LHC have been examined in the Color Glass Condensate formalism. In this formalism it was found that in the dilute-dilute nucleus limit, corresponding to glasma graphs, the ridge structure was due to the Bose enhancement associated with two-gluon production, with a successful phenomenology developed on this basis. It was an open question whether or not Bose enhancement existed beyond this leading limit. Using the full dilute-dense result for two-gluon correlations we identify the contributions that survive the higher order saturation corrections in the target. We do find a Bose enhanced component of the correlation function when the two produced gluons have either equal transverse momentum or equal and opposite transverse momentum. Bose enhancement, in effect, produces a major contribution to the ridge structure in two-particle correlations.
When discussing the future searches for New Physics, electron-positron and proton-proton collider dominate the agenda, the choice being between a clean environment and higher energy. In this talk I will show with two concrete examples (Long-Lived Charged particles in SUSY and Higgs rare decays) how electron-proton colliders combine a clean environment with energies beyond the reach of most planned electron-positron colliders, thus providing an unique opportunity to probe Beyond Standard Model phenomena.
Several theories beyond the Standard Model predict the existence of new heavy particles decaying into pairs of gauge bosons. In this presentation the latest ATLAS results on searches for resonances decaying into pairs of W or Z bosons or photons, or into a Z boson and a photon, based on 36 fb-1 of pp collision data collected at 13 TeV will be discussed.
Searches for additional scalar bosons with the Run 2 data at CMS are reviewed.
The large dataset collected so far during Run 2 of the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV provides a significantly improved sensitivity for discovery of new physics with respect to Run 1. Searches for new resonances in di-boson final states (VV, VH, HH, where V = W, Z) with the CMS detector are presented. The analyses are optimised for high sensitivity over a large range in resonance mass. Jet substructure techniques are used to identify hadronic decays of highly-boosted W, Z, and H bosons.
SHIP is a new general purpose fixed target facility, whose Technical Proposal has been reviewed by the CERN SPS Committee and by the CERN Research Board. The two boards recommended that the experiment proceeds further to a Comprehensive Design phase in the context of the new CERN Working group "Physics Beyond Colliders", aiming at presenting a CERN strategy for the European Strategy meeting of 2019. In its initial phase, the 400GeV proton beam extracted from the SPS will be dumped on a heavy target with the aim of integrating 2×10^20 pot in 5 years. A dedicated detector, based on a long vacuum tank followed by a spectrometer and particle identification detectors, will allow probing a variety of models with light long-lived exotic particles and masses below O(10) GeV /c2. The main focus will be the physics of the so-called Hidden Portals, i.e. search for Dark Photons, Light scalars and pseudo-scalars, and Heavy Neutrinos. The sensitivity to Heavy Neutrinos will allow for the first time to probe, in the mass range between the kaon and the charm meson mass, a coupling range for which Baryogenesis and active neutrino masses could also be explained. Another dedicated detector will allow the study of neutrino cross-sections and angular distributions. ντ deep inelastic scattering cross sections will be measured with a statistics 1000 times larger than currently available, with the extraction of the F4 and F5 structure functions, never measured so far and allow for new tests of lepton non-universality with sensitivity to BSM physics.
Searches for heavy neutral lepton (HNL) production in charged kaon decays
using the data collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN are reported. Upper
limits are established on the elements of the extended neutrino mixing
matrix for heavy neutral lepton mass in the range 130-450 MeV, improving on
the results from previous HNL production searches. The status and prospects
of searches for lepton flavour and lepton number violation in kaon decays at
the NA62 experiment is also presented.
The high-intensity setup, trigger system flexibility, and detector performance -- high-frequency tracking of beam particles, redundant PID, ultra-high-efficiency photon vetoes —
make NA62 particularly suitable for searching new-physics effect from different scenarios. Results from a search for invisible dark photons produced from pi0 decays are given.
Fixed target experiments are a particularly useful tool in the search of very weakly coupled particles in the MeV-GeV range,
which are of interest, e.g. as potential Dark Matter mediators. The NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is currently taking data to measure the ultra-rare
decay K->pi \nu \bar{\nu}. Owing to the high beam-energy and a hermetic detector coverage, NA62 also has the opportunity to directly search for a
plaethora of long-lived beyond-the Standard Model particles, such as Axion-like Particles and Dark Photons. In this talk, we will review the status of this searches and give prospects for future data taking at NA62.
We report the measurements of gamma gamma ―> eta_c(1S), eta_c(2S)―>eta' pi+ pi- with eta' decay to gamma rho and eta pi+ pi- using 941 fb-1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider. First observation of eta_c(2S)―>eta' pi+ pi- with a significance 5.5 \sigma including systematic error is obtained. The products of the two-photon decay width and branching fraction of decays to eta' pi+ pi- are determined for the eta_c(1S) and eta_c(2S), respectively. A new decay mode for the eta_c(1S)―>eta' f0(2080) with f0(2080)―>pi+ pi- is observed with a statistical significance of 20 \sigma. The cross section for gamma gamma ―> eta' pi+ pi- and eta' f2(1270) are measured for the first time.
We report some of the most recent results in studying different aspects of QCD with about 500 fb$-1$ of data collected by the BaBar experiment at the $e^+e^-$ $B$-factory PEP-II.
Among these, we present a high precision measurement of the mass difference between the $D^*(2010)^+$ and $D^+$ mesons using the decay chain $D^*(2010)^+ \to D^+ \pi^0$, with $D^+ \to K^- \pi^+ \pi^+$. This result is then combined with a previous BaBar measurement of $m(D^*(2010)^+) - m(D^0)$ to extract the mass difference between the charged and neutral $D$ mesons. We obtain results that are approximately seven times more precise than the present world averages.
We also report on the first evidence for a $B$-meson decay to four baryons, $B^0 \to p \bar{p} p \bar{p}$, which can help to shed light on the experimental discrepancy between the inclusive branching fraction of all $B$ meson decay modes with at least a couple of baryons in the final state, measured by ARGUS to be $(6.8 \pm 0.6)\%$ , and the sum of exclusive baryonic channels, Finally, we present a measurement of the spectral function for the $\tau^-\to K^-K_S\nu_{\tau}$ decay, which can be used to determine the hadronic contribution to the muon $g-2$ due to the vacuum polarization,
K->pinunu is one of the theoretically cleanest meson decay where to look for indirect effects of new physics complementary to LHC searches. The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is designed to measure the branching ratio of the K+->pi+nunu decay with 10% precision. NA62 took data in 2015-2017; the analysis of a partial data set allows to reach the Standard Model sensitivity. The status of the experiments will be reviewed, and prospects will be presented.
The property of tau neutrino is not well known, due to difficulty of its production and detection.
The comparison of the neutrino-nucleon cross-section of tau neutrinos and other neutrino flavours is one of the interesting topics.
The tau neutrino cross-section has been measured by the DONUT experiment, but with a large statistical error of $\sim30\%$ and a systematical uncertainty of $\sim50\%$.
The statistics of detected tau neutrinos will be improved by a planned experiment such as SHiP experiment at CERN in near future.
The DsTau collaboration aims to reduce the systematic uncertainty to $10\%$ by measuring the mother particles(Ds mesons) of tau neutrinos at the beam source.
Ds mesons are generated by proton interactions with the beam dump target, which decay in sequence Ds$\rightarrow$ tau $+\nu_{\tau}$ and tau$\rightarrow\nu_{\tau}+X$.
DsTau will collect 1000 Ds$\rightarrow$ tau associated events in $2 \times 10^{8}$ proton interactions with the tungsten target using the 400 GeV/c proton beam at CERN SPS.
The rate and xf distribution of the Ds production will be measured and the reduction of uncertainty on the tau neutrinos production will be achieved as the result.
Since Ds and tau mass difference is small, the kink angle$(\sim7mrad)$ in the Ds to tau trajectory within a short distance of a few mm decay flight is difficult to detect.
Emulsion Cloud Chambers, ECCs, dedicated structure with tungsten plates and nuclear emulsion plates are used to detect small angle kinks at Ds to tau decays.
Since large number,$10^{5}$ events, of associated charm production will be accumulated and analyzed in ECCs, physics of open-charm could be studied as a byproduct.
In this talk, the DsTau project introduction and results from small scale test exposure in 2016, 2017 will be shown.
Jefferson Laboratory has an extensive program of Deep Virtual Exclusive Scattering (DVES). I will review salient results from the 6 GeV era, and present the status and goals of both Deep Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) and Deep Virtual Meson Production (DVMP). A set of DVCS and exclusive $\pi^0$ measurements from 7 to 11 GeV have been completed in Hall A. A first JLab observation of J/$\Psi$ photo-production has been reported by the GlueX collaboration in Hall D. DVCS measurements and exclusive vector meson production at 10.6 GeV on the proton are starting this Spring with CLAS12 (Hall B). DVES experiments on a new longitudinally polarized NH$_3$/ND$_3$ target are anticipated in the next few years. A new PbWO$_4$ calorimeter is under construction for future measurements in Hall C. These data will provide new insights on the spatial distribution of quarks and gluons at large-$x$, as well as higher-twist quark-gluon correlations.
Generalized parton distributions embody information on both the longitudinal momentum of the quarks as well as their transverse position and thus allow determining a 3-dimensional image of the nucleon. For transversely polarized quarks and or nucleons, the resulting transverse deformation of these images provides new insight on nucleon spin structure and spin-orbit correlations. Twist-3 GPDs provide additional information on the dependence of transverse forces on the impact parameter.
Being the "mother distributions" of all types of two-parton correlation functions, generalized TMDs (GTMDs) have garnered a lot of attention. We address the important question of how to access GTMDs in physical processes. Recently, we have shown that quark GTMDs can in principle be probed through the exclusive pion-nucleon double Drell-Yan process, where the focus was on two particular GTMDs only. We now present new results concerning access to the remaining quark GTMDs in the same process. We also extend our study to the nucleon-nucleon double Drell-Yan process which is sensitive to chiral-odd GTMDs. Moreover, we show that GTMDs for gluons can be explored via exclusive double $\eta_c$ production in hadronic collisions.
Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) have been investigated in the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) to solve the proton spin puzzle. On the other hand, the generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) can be studied in the two-photon process $\gamma^*\gamma→h \bar{h}$ which is accessible at KEKB. Namely, the GDAs are the s-t crossed quantities of the GPDs. In 2016, the differential cross section of the process $\gamma^*\gamma→ \pi^0\pi^0$ was measured by the Belle collaboration in the $e^+e^-$ collision [1], so that the pion GDAs can be obtained by analyzing the Belle data. Expressing the GDAs with a few parameters, we determined the GDAs by a $χ^2$ analysis [2]. The form factors of the quark energy-momentum tensor are obtained from the determined GDAs. Then, we calculated the mass radius as 0.56-0.69 fm and the mechanical radius as 1.45-1.56 fm for the pion by using the form factors. This is the first study on gravitational form factors and radii of hadrons from actual experimental measurements [2]. The Belle II will start taking data in 2018 by the upgraded SuperKEKB. Therefore, much accurate data are expected for the pion in the near future, and other hadron productions will be measured for the GDAs. The GDA studies are valuable for understanding not only the 3D structure but also gravitational properties of hadrons.
[1] M. Masuda et al. (Belle Collaboration), Phys. Rev. D 93, 032003 (2016).
[2] S. Kumano, Qin-Tao Song and O. V. Teryaev, arXiv:1711.08088, Phys. Rev. D in press.
Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) encode the correlations between longitudinal momentum and transverse position of partons inside hadrons and can give access to a picture of the nucleon structure in 2+1 dimensions. They have been studied theoretically and experimentally for almost two decades and a new experimental era is starting (at JLab and COMPASS currently, and in the future at an EIC) to extract them.
The difficulty is that only an indirect experimental access is so far possible, through different exclusive channels and various observables. Therefore, one has to take into account the many theoretical constraints to be able to produce accurate models and rely on their phenomenology. Two important constraints are called the polynomiality and positivity properties. We will show how to make use of both of them by first modeling low Fock states light-front wave-functions, which gives a GPD in the DGLAP region by a parton number conserved overlap, and then covariantly extending this GPD to the ERBL region.
This work will be illustrated on a constituent quark-like model for valence GPDs. We will show that this allows to produce a phenomenological output (on DVCS data for instance) from this kind of models, which was impossible before. We will demonstrate the unique versatility of the PARTONS framework to achieve this under various perturbative QCD assumptions.
We consider lepton-jet correlations in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) as a unique probe of the nucleon/ nuclei tomography. We demonstrate the relevant QCD factorization in terms of transverse momentum dependent quark distributions (TMDs), soft functions and jet functions associated with the final state jet. All relevant large logarithms are resummed to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) order. In addition, we consider inclusive jet production and we present numerical results relevant for a future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).
The potential of the future electron-proton collider facilities LHeC and FCC-eh for electroweak (EW) physics is studies using simulated neutral-current and charged-current DIS cross section data.
These measurements will allow for high precision determinations of the parameters of the EW theory, such as the weak boson masses and the couplings of the light quarks to the Z boson. The potential for precision measurements of the $\rho$ and $\kappa$ parameters, which are parameters particularly sensitive to additional contributions beyond the Standard Model formalism, are explored.
In this talk we present an overview of top physics at two possible future electron-proton (ep) colliders at the high energy frontier, the LHeC and the FCC-eh. Selected topics include but are not limited to top structure function, top parton distribution functions, top spin polarization, top electric charge, measurement of Vtb, anomalous ttg, ttZ, tbW, tqg, tqH couplings and CP phase
of ttH coupling.
Direct Measurement of Vtd and Vts through electron proton collisions by Hao Sun:
We perform a study on the direct measurement of Vtd and Vts CKM matrix elements, at the electron proton colliders, through W boson and bottom quark associated production channel as well as W boson and jet associated production channel. The W and bottom(jet) final states can be produced by s-channel single top decay or t-channel top exchange. We find even at the current LHC based ep collider, the channels we are using, already result in very good limits, thus good direct measurement potentials to the Vtd and Vts CKM matrix elements.
We perform a study on the direct measurement of Vtd and Vts CKM matrix elements, at the electron proton colliders, through W boson and bottom quark associated production channel as well as W boson and jet associated production channel. The W and bottom(jet) final states can be produced by s-channel single top decay or t-channel top exchange. We find even at the current LHC based ep collider, the channels we are using, already result in very good limits, thus good direct measurement potentials to the Vtd and Vts CKM matrix elements.
The LHeC and the FCC-eh at CERN are projected machines that will deliver ep collisions with center-of-mass energies in the TeV range and luminosities of order $10^{34}$ cm$^{−2}$s$^{−1}$. In this talk, new results will be presented on future precision Higgs SM properties in these machines, as well as new prospects for searches for exotic Higgs related phenomena in ep collisions at high energies.
The LHeC and the FCC-eh at CERN are projected machines that will deliver ep collisions with center-of-mass energies in the TeV range and luminosities of order $10^{34}$ cm $^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. In this talk, new results will be presented on prospects for BSM searches in both machines.
In this contribution I will present a determination of the Fragmentation Functions (FFs) of unidentified charged hadrons at next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics based on the NNPDF methodology. The analysis includes cross-section data for single-hadron production in electron-positron annihilation, from a variety of experiments, and in proton-(anti)proton collision from the Tevatron and the LHC. I will discuss the quality of the FFs determined in this analysis with particular emphasis on the impact of the proton-(anti)proton data on the gluon distribution.
We study the kaon multiplicity of semi-inclusive DIS off the deutron target with the updated parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions and compare our result with the HERMES data and COMPASS data. We demonstrated the tension between the HERMES data and COMPASS data and will provide our opinion about this tension. We will make comment about the extarcted values of the strange PDF from HERMES data.
The $K^−$ over $K^+$ multiplicity ratio is measured in deep-inelastic scattering, for the first time for kaons carrying a large fraction z of the virtual-photon energy. The data were obtained by the COMPASS collaboration using a 160 GeV muon beam and an isoscalar $^6$LiD target. The regime of deep-inelastic scattering is ensured by requiring $Q^2>1$ (GeV/$c)^2$ for the photon virtuality and $W>5$ GeV/$c^2$ for the invariant mass of the produced hadronic system. Kaons are identified in the momentum range from 12 GeV/$c$ to 40 GeV/$c$, thereby restricting the range in Bjorken-$x$ to $0.01 < x < 0.40$. The $z$-dependence of the multiplicity ratio is studied for $z>0.75$. For very large values of $z$, i.e. $z>0.8$, the results contradict expectations obtained using the formalism of (next-to-)leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics. This may imply that cross-section factorisation or/and universality of (kaon) fragmentation functions do not hold. Our studies suggest that within this formalism an additional correction may be required, which takes into account the phase space available for hadronisation.
In this talk I will present preliminary results on π+, π- and π0 multiplicity ratios measured as a function of multiple kinematical variables in semi-inclusive DIS on three nuclei (C, Fe, Pb) normalized to deuterium . The series of measurements were performed at Jefferson Lab with 5.014 GeV electron beam incident on a double-target system in which liquid deuterium and one of the solid targets were exposed simultaneously to the beam. These measurements will be further extended in the approved experiment at 11 GeV. The goal is to provide new insights on parton propagation inside nuclear medium and expand current knowledge on hadronization mechanisms. This topic has been of interest to multiple communities: Drell-Yan measurements at Fermilab, heavy-ion collisions in RHIC and LHC and SIDIS measurements from HERMES and CLAS, all of which contribute different kind of information on short distance processes. The advantages of SIDIS are its well understood nuclear medium and ability to investigate time-dependence of hadronization by embedding it in nuclei of increasing size. It is to be hoped that the studies of cold QCD matter, once matured, can influence the interpretation of what is seen in the hot dense systems (LHC), in addition to their intrinsic interest for QCD.
Measurements of top quark properties using data collected by the CMS experiment at 13 TeV are presented. The top quark mass is measured in the lepton+jets channel is consistent with the CMS measurements of Run-1. The top quark mass is also studied as a function of the event kinematical properties. For the first time at the LHC, the width of the top quark is directly probed during Run-2, in what constitutes the most precise direct bound of the top quark width performed to date. Finally, searches for flavor-changing neutral currents involving top quarks are also discussed including tZq, and tHq couplings, in top quark pair and single top production.
The latest measurements of the top quark mass using the ATLAS experiment are presented. A measurement based on a multi-dimensional template fit that can constrain the uncertainties on the energy measurements of jets is presented and combined with measurements using dilepton and all-hadronic events. In addition an analysis of the top quark mass using leptonic kinematic variables is discussed. The measurement uses a novel technique to measure the top quark mass with minimal dependence on hadronic jets. A measurement of the top quark width and the measurements that use precision theoretical QCD calculations for both inclusive ttbar production and ttbar production with an additional jet to extract the top quark mass in the pole-mass scheme are also presented.
We study the theoretical uncertainties in the determination of the top-quark mass using next-to-leading-order (NLO) generators interfaced to parton showers (PS) that have different levels of accuracy. Specifically we consider three generators: one that implements NLO corrections in the production dynamics, one that includes also NLO corrections in top decay in the narrow width approximation, and one that implements NLO corrections for both production and decay including finite-width and interference effects. Our aim is to provide an assessment of the uncertainties of purely theoretical origin, we thus consider simplified top-mass related observables that are broadly related to those effectively used by experiments, eventually modelling experimental resolution effects with simple smearing procedures. Examining these observables with generators of increasing accuracy allows us to assess the theoretical errors due to the use of the less accurate generators. Furthermore, we estimate theoretical uncertainties associated with the variation of scales and with the choice of parton distribution functions. In order to give an indicative assessment of the uncertainties due to the shower and to the modelling of non-perturbative effects, we interface our NLO+PS generators to both Pythia8.2 and Herwig7.1, with various settings, and compare the results.
The contribution of the quark and gluon helicity distributions to the proton spin requires integrating these helicity PDFs over the entire range of x. This necessarily involves an extrapolation of the measured PDFs at finite values of x into their small-x asymptotics. As is well-known in the case of the unpolarized quark and gluon distributions, the small-x asymptotics are governed by evolution equations, leading to a determination of the intercept: the exponent of the power-law behavior of the PDFs at small x. In this talk, I will present the derivation and solution of the corresponding small-x evolution equations for the quark and gluon helicity PDFs. Because the transfer of spin to small x is a sub-eikonal effect, the small-x evolution equations for helicity are significantly different from the unpolarized ones. The helicity evolution equations I will present resum double logarithms of 1/x, and they are sensitive to the detailed transverse structure of the polarized quark / gluon splitting kernels. The solution of these equations yields a leading-log evaluation of the quark and gluon helicity intercepts, which predict an enhancement of the helicity PDFs in the small-x tails. Preliminary estimates suggest that the enhancement of the proton spin contribution from polarized quarks may be significant, but is much milder for gluons.
We will present results on the nucleon spin decomposition and the momentum distribution among quarks in the nucleon. Techniques for lattice QCD simulations at the physical pion mass applied for the computation of sea-quark and gluon contributions will be presented. We will discuss several challenges and perspectives for future developments.
We provide a first calculation of the complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections for heavy flavor contributions to the inclusive structure function $g_1$ in longitudinally polarized deep-inelastic scattering. The results are derived with largely analytical methods and retain the full dependence on the heavy quark’s mass. We discuss all relevant technical details of the calculation and present numerical results for the heavy quark scaling functions. We perform important crosschecks to verify our results in the known limit of photoproduction and for the unpolarized electroproduction of heavy quarks. We also compare our calculations to the available, partial results in the polarized case, in particular, in the limit of asymptotically large photon virtualities. First steps towards phenomenological applications are taken by providing some estimates for inclusive charm production in polarized deep-inelastic scattering at a future electron-ion collider and studying their sensitivity to the polarized gluon distribution. The residual dependence of heavy quark electroproduction on unphysical factorization and renormalization scales and on the heavy quark mass is investigated.
The Belle II experiment is a substantial upgrade of Belle detector and will operate at the SuperKEKB energy-asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider. The accelerator has successfully completed the first phase of commissioning; collisions will start early April 2018. The design luminosity is $8 \times 10^{35}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ and the Belle II experiment aims to record 50 ab$^{-1}$ of data, a factor of 50 more than the Belle experiment. This large data set will be accumulated with low backgrounds and high trigger efficiency in a clean $e^+e^-$ environment; it will allow to probe New Physics scales that are well beyond the reach of direct production at the LHC, and will complement the searches through indirect effects that are currently ongoing or planned. This talk will review the detector upgrade, and present the early physics program, centered on bottomonium studies..
The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is a proposed high-luminosity linear
electron-positron collider operated at energies from the top pair
production threshold up to 3 TeV. With its high luminosity and flexible
collision energy CLIC offers a wide spectrum of possible physics research,
from precision measurement of Standard Model parameters to searches for
new particles and new physics phenomena. At the first stage CLIC will be
operated at 350-380 GeV collision energy. At this stage the emphasis is on
precision top quark physics, e.g. via a threshold scan around 350 GeV, and
on model-independent determination of the Higgs boson couplings by
applying the recoil mass technique to Higgs-strahlung events. At the
higher energy stages (1500 and 3000 GeV) Higgs bosons will be produced in
large numbers via the WW-fusion process. This allows to measure the Higgs
boson properties with high precision and to search for rare Higgs decays.
The sensitivity to anomalous top quark form-factors is also improved at
high collision energies. CLIC operation at 3 TeV will allow to perform
direct and indirect searches for supersymmetry and other phenomena of new
physics models. New particles can be discovered in a model-independent way
almost up to the kinematic limit of 1500 GeV, while indirect evidences can
be sensitive to new physics at the scale of tens of TeVs.
In this talk we present an overview of the CLIC physics potential using
physics benchmark studies. The results are based on the full detector
simulations for signal and background processes.
We perform a study on the direct measurement of $\rm V_{td}$ and $\rm V_{ts}$ CKM matrix elements, at the electron proton colliders, through W boson and bottom quark associated production channel as well as W boson and jet associated production channel. The W and bottom(jet) final states can be produced by s-channel single top decay or t-channel top exchange. We find even at the current LHC based ep collider, the channels we are using, already result in very good limits, thus good direct measurement potentials to the $\rm V_{td}$ and $\rm V_{ts}$ CKM matrix elements.